A small-bodied living creature, such as ants or butterflies.
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N4息子むすこ
One's own son.
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N4娘むすめ
One's own daughter.
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N4無理むり
Not being possible. Also used to mean overexerting oneself in a way that's bad for one's health, as in 「無理をする」 (to push oneself too hard).
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N4召し上がるめしあがる
A very polite way of saying 「食べる」 (to eat) or 「飲む」 (to drink).
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N4珍しいめずらしい
A state of being unusual and special, not often seen.
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N4申し上げるもうしあげる
A humble, polite way of saying 「言う」 (to say).
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N4申すもうす
A humble way of saying 「言う」 (to say).
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N4戻るもどる
To return to the place or state one was originally in.
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N4木綿もめん
Thread or cloth made from the cotton plant.
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N4貰うもらう
To receive something from a person.
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N4森もり
A wide area with many trees growing. Larger than a 「林」 (grove/copse).
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N4, N5問題もんだい
problem. Something that requires an answer to be given.
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N4焼くやく
To apply fire to food, etc., using flames. Example:「肉を焼く」(to grill meat). The paired word is「焼ける（やける）」(to be grilled/baked).
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N4約束やくそく
To decide with another person that a certain thing will be done.
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N4焼けるやける
For fire to pass through an object or for it to char, due to fire or heat. Also used to mean bread, etc., being done. The paired word is「焼く（やく）」(to grill/bake).
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N4優しいやさしい
kind. A manner of being considerate toward others.
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N4痩せるやせる
To lose body weight. The antonym is 「太る」 (to gain weight).
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N4止むやむ
For rain or wind, etc., to stop. Example: 「雨が止む」 (the rain stops).
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N4やめるやめる
To stop doing something one had been doing. Example: 「たばこをやめる」 (to quit smoking). Also used to mean quitting a job.
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N4柔らかいやわらかい
A soft, fluffy state whose shape changes easily when pressed. The antonym is「硬い（かたい）」(hard).
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N4, N5湯ゆ
Water that has been heated until it is hot. As opposed to cold water (『水(みず)』, mizu), it refers to the hot side. Used for baths or when making tea.
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N4指ゆび
The thin parts at the end of the hands or feet.
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N4指輪ゆびわ
An ornament worn on the finger. Often worn as a symbol of marriage.
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N4夢ゆめ
The various events seen while sleeping. Also used to mean a hope for the future.
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N4揺れるゆれる
For something to move left and right or up and down.
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N4用よう
Something that must be done. Example: 「用がある」 (to have something to attend to).
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N4用意ようい
To prepare necessary things in advance.
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N4用事ようじ
Something one must do. Example:「用事があるので、先に帰ります」(I have something to do, so I'll leave first).
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N4汚れるよごれる
To become no longer clean. It means becoming dirty in appearance from mud or stains. Used as in 「服が汚れる」 (clothes get dirty). When someone makes something dirty, 「よごす」 is used, as in 「服を汚す」. The same 「汚れる」 read as 「けがれる」 becomes a different word expressing that sanctity or honor is spoiled.
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N4予習よしゅう
To study before a lesson. The antonym is「復習（ふくしゅう）」(review).
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N4予定よてい
Something one is going to do. To decide in advance.
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N2, N4, N5呼ぶよぶ
call. To say a person's name, etc., aloud to get their attention.
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N4予約よやく
To reserve a seat or room, etc., in advance.
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N4寄るよる
To go somewhere nearby. Used in the sense of stopping by a place. Example: 「店に寄る」 (to stop by a shop).
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N4喜ぶよろこぶ
To feel happy, and show that feeling.
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N4理由りゆう
The reason why something happened.
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N4利用りよう
To make good use of a thing or system.
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N4両方りょうほう
Both of two things. Not just one side, but a word that refers to both of them.
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N4留守るす
Not being at home, or being away from home.
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N4冷房れいぼう
To cool a room, and the machine for it. The antonym is「暖房（だんぼう）」(heating).
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N4歴史れきし
The flow of events from long ago to now.
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N4連絡れんらく
To inform someone by phone, letter, etc.
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N4沸かすわかす
To make water, etc., hot. Example:「お湯を沸かす」(to boil water). The paired word is「沸く（わく）」(to boil).
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N4別れるわかれる
To part from a person one was with.
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N4沸くわく
For water, etc., to become hot. Example:「お湯が沸く」(water boils). The paired word is「沸かす（わかす）」(to boil).
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N4訳わけ
The reason why something turned out as it did. Used as in 『会社をやめたわけを話す』 ("to tell the reason one left the company"). In the meaning of "reason," it is usually written in kana as 『わけ』. When the same character is read 『やく』, it becomes a separate word meaning to render words into another country's language (such as interpreting).
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N4忘れ物わすれもの
A thing left behind by mistake.
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N4笑うわらう
To express happiness or amusement through one's voice or face. The antonym is「泣く（なく）」(to cry).
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N4割合わりあい
The proportion that a part occupies within the whole. Used as in 「三人に一人の割合で車をもっている」 (one in three people owns a car), 「男女の割合」 (the ratio of men to women). Adding 「に」 gives 「割合に」, which no longer refers to a ratio but means "more ... than expected," as in 「割合にやさしい問題だった」 (it was an easier question than expected). In spoken Japanese, however, 「割と」 is used far more often.
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