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JLPT N1 Vocabulary
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N1
相次ぐ
あいつぐ
A verb expressing that events of the same kind occur one after another. Particularly used in contexts where undesirable situations occur successively, as in 「事件が相次ぐ」 or 「辞任が相次ぐ」.
AI-generated translation
N1
相まって
あいまって
A word expressing a state in which two or more elements interact with each other to produce a single result. Used as in 「才能と努力が相まって」, a formal expression used in contexts where multiple factors combine to produce a favorable outcome.
AI-generated translation
N1
仰ぐ
あおぐ
A verb meaning to turn one's face upward to look up, or to respectfully look up to as a model. Used as in「空を仰ぐ」「師と仰ぐ」. Extending from the sense of turning upward, it is also used to mean seeking judgment, help, or guidance from superiors or experts, as in「指示を仰ぐ」「助言を仰ぐ」. A different kanji「扇ぐ」shares the same kun-yomi reading「あおぐ」but means "to fan," and is a separate word.
AI-generated translation
N1
煽る
あおる
A verb meaning to fan air or stir up someone's emotions. Mostly used in situations of provoking others into action, as in「対立を煽る」「不安を煽る」.
AI-generated translation
N1
明かす
あかす
To let others know a secret or the truth. Used in contexts of making public something that has been hidden, as in 「秘密を明かす」「真相を明かす」. It also has the meaning of staying awake through the night until morning, as in 「夜を明かす」. 「明かす」 is used for the person who stays awake and passes the night, and 「明ける」 for time passing until morning comes: 「夜を明かす」 versus 「夜が明ける」.
AI-generated translation
N1
垢抜ける
あかぬける
A verb describing someone whose clothing and manner are refined, without any hint of unsophistication. Used to convey that a person's air or impression has changed, as in 「すっかり垢抜けた」. Also often written in hiragana as 「あかぬける」.
AI-generated translation
N1
あからさま
あからさま
A state of not trying to hide and being clearly out in the open. Used adverbially or as a na-adjective, as in 「あからさまに不満を示す」 or 「あからさまな差別」, in contexts where emotions or intentions that should be hidden are openly revealed.
AI-generated translation
N1
悪臭
あくしゅう
An unpleasant or offensive smell. Used as in 「悪臭が漂う」 or 「悪臭を放つ」. Often refers to a strong smell emanating from sources such as garbage or wastewater.
AI-generated translation
N1
悪循環
あくじゅんかん
A cycle in which a bad result becomes a cause and brings about a new bad result, which in turn intensifies the original badness. Used as in 「悪循環に陥る」 or 「悪循環を断ち切る」, expressing situations in which problems worsen in a chain.
AI-generated translation
N1
悪戦苦闘
あくせんくとう
A four-character compound expressing the act of striving desperately in difficult circumstances. Used in contexts describing struggle in painful situations, as in 「新しい仕事で悪戦苦闘する」.
AI-generated translation
N1
あくどい
あくどい
A state in which one's methods are excessively bad and malicious. Often used for acts of making money or deceiving people, as in 「あくどい商売」 or 「あくどい手口」. Also has the meaning of color or taste being too strong.
AI-generated translation
N1
明け渡す
あけわたす
A verb expressing the act of handing over to someone else a place or right one has owned. Used as in 「家を明け渡す」 or 「城を明け渡す」 in scenes of transferring to the other party what one had occupied until then.
AI-generated translation
N1
浅はか
あさはか
A na-adjective meaning shallow and reckless in thought. Used as in 「浅はかな考え」 or 「浅はかな行動」 in contexts of criticizing judgments lacking deliberation. A formal word implying the immaturity or shortsightedness of the person.
AI-generated translation
N1
あさましい
あさましい
An adjective meaning that one's heart or behavior is base and unsightly. A word criticizing an attitude of losing one's dignity for the sake of desire or money. Used as in 「あさましい姿」 or 「あさましい根性」 in contexts of contemptuously evaluating another's words and actions.
AI-generated translation
N1
欺く
あざむく
To deceive someone with a lie or a false appearance and lead them to a mistaken judgment. Used in expressions like 「人を欺く」. It is also used in expressions like 「目を欺く」, in the sense of being so similar to the real thing that it is indistinguishable and deceives the senses.
AI-generated translation
N1
嘲笑う
あざわらう
To laugh while looking down on and mocking someone. Used in situations of laughing dismissively at others, as in「人の失敗を嘲笑う」. Nearly synonymous with the noun「嘲笑」using the same kanji; the noun is more literary, while「嘲笑う」is used in situations involving the actual action.
AI-generated translation
N1
足止め
あしどめ
A word expressing a state in which one's movement or action is hindered and one cannot proceed. Used in the form 「足止めを食う」 or 「足止めを食らう」, expressing a situation of being temporarily unable to move due to weather or accidents.
AI-generated translation
N1
足取り
あしどり
A word indicating a person's manner of walking, or the path or traces of their movement. There is the usage expressing manner of walking, as in 「重い足取り」, and the usage of tracing one's path of action, as in 「容疑者の足取りを追う」.
AI-generated translation
N1
足並み
あしなみ
A word expressing a state in which the movements of multiple people or organizations are aligned. Originating from the physical sense of steps in walking, used as in 「足並みが揃う」 or 「足並みの乱れ」 in contexts that question the unity of a group's policy or action.
AI-generated translation
N1
あしらう
あしらう
A verb meaning to treat the other party lightly, or to respond perfunctorily. Used as in 「鼻であしらう」 or 「子ども扱いにあしらう」, expressing an attitude of not engaging seriously. It also has the meaning of arranging garnishes in cooking or decoration.
AI-generated translation
N1
預かり
あずかり
A noun referring to entrusting full authority of judgment or handling to someone else, or pending without reaching a conclusion. In negotiations or meetings, used as in 「この件は私の預かりとする」 or 「結論は次回までの預かり」.
AI-generated translation
N1
当たり障り
あたりさわり
Causing an undesirable effect on people or matters. Often used in the form 「当たり障りのない」, established as part of an idiomatic expression describing an attitude of behaving moderately so as not to be criticized by anyone.
AI-generated translation
N1
圧巻
あっかん
A word for being the most outstanding compared to others. Used in contexts of evaluating things that leave a strong impression, as in「圧巻の演技」「ラストシーンは圧巻だ」.
AI-generated translation
N1
圧勝
あっしょう
Winning by overwhelming the opponent. Used in scenes of sports matches or elections when one wins with a large margin over competitors. Also used as a sa-verb in the form 「圧勝する」.
AI-generated translation
N1
斡旋
あっせん
A word for standing in the middle as a go-between or brokering and introducing. Used as in「就職を斡旋する」「土地売買を斡旋する」.
AI-generated translation
N1
宛てる
あてる
A verb used when sending a letter or document toward a specific person or destination. Used in the form 「〜に宛てる」, as in 「恩師に宛てる」 or 「編集部に宛てる」. The noun forms are 「宛先」 or 「宛名」.
AI-generated translation
N1
余す
あます
To leave something behind without using it all up. Used in contexts of producing a remainder, as in「余すところなく使う」「力を余す」. 「余す」 is used when a person leaves something unused, and 「余る」 when something is left over of its own accord: 「力を余す」 versus 「力が余る」.
AI-generated translation
N1
網の目
あみのめ
Each individual mesh of a net. From this, used metaphorically in idiomatic expressions like 「網の目のように張り巡らす」 or 「網の目をかいくぐる」, referring to surveillance or regulations that are densely woven.
AI-generated translation
N1
操る
あやつる
Moving or using tools, machines, people, or words as one wishes. Used as in 「機械を操る」, 「言葉を操る」, or 「人形を操る」. Also has the meaning of moving people behind the scenes.
AI-generated translation
N1
危ぶむ
あやぶむ
To feel uneasy that something may not go well. Used in situations of harboring doubts about the future, as in「実現を危ぶむ」「成功を危ぶむ」. A verb sharing the same root as「危うい」, carrying the same nuance of danger and unease.
AI-generated translation
N1
あやふや
あやふや
A word expressing a state in which one's attitude or content is unclear and uncertain. Used as in 「あやふやな返事」 or 「あやふやな記憶」, referring to a state lacking grounds or clarity. Also used to critically evaluate evasive or ambiguous attitudes.
AI-generated translation
N1
歩み
あゆみ
Advancing one step at a time. Also that manner of progress or the process itself. Used when expressing a path one has traveled over time, as in 「会社の歩み」 or 「平和への歩み」. The noun form of the verb 「歩む」.
AI-generated translation
N1
歩み寄る
あゆみよる
A verb expressing the act of mutually conceding and drawing closer. It also has a physical sense of approaching, but used metaphorically as in 「両者が歩み寄る」 in scenes where parties in opposing positions seek a compromise.
AI-generated translation
N1, N5
洗う
あらう
wash. To remove dirt using water, etc., to make something clean. Example: 「手を洗う」 (to wash one's hands), 「ふくを洗う」 (to wash clothes).
AI-generated translation
N1
荒らす
あらす
To handle a place or thing roughly and bring it to a terrible state. Used as in「畑を荒らす」「市場を荒らす」. 「荒らす」 is used when someone ruins something, and 「荒れる」 when it falls into that state of its own accord: 「畑を荒らす」 versus 「畑が荒れる」.
AI-generated translation
N1
荒立てる
あらだてる
A verb expressing the act of making a matter into a big issue or making emotions intense. Used as in 「事を荒立てる」 or 「声を荒立てる」 in contexts of making worse something that should have been settled quietly.
AI-generated translation
N1
改まる
あらたまる
For a previous state to change and become new. Used in situations where something comes into a proper, orderly state, as in 「年が改まる」「態度が改まる」. 「改める」 is used for the person who deliberately makes a change, and 「改まる」 for what becomes new of its own accord: 「規則を改める」 versus 「規則が改まる」.
AI-generated translation
N1
有り合わせ
ありあわせ
Things that happen to be on hand at that moment. Used as in 「有り合わせの材料」 or 「有り合わせで作る」 in scenes of making do with only what is currently available, without special preparation.
AI-generated translation
N1
有様
ありさま
The state or condition of a matter, particularly a terrible situation. Often used in scenes describing rather unfavorable situations, as in 「ひどい有様」 or 「見るに堪えない有様」.
AI-generated translation
N1
亜流
ありゅう
A second-rate imitation of a school or style, lacking originality. Used in contexts that lower the evaluation, as in「有名画家の亜流」「亜流に過ぎない作品」.
AI-generated translation
N1
哀れ
あわれ
Being pitiful and heart-aching, or that feeling itself. Used as in 「哀れな姿」 or 「哀れに思う」 in scenes expressing sympathy toward the weak or the unfortunate. The verb form is 「哀れむ」.
AI-generated translation
N1
安泰
あんたい
A state of being free from worries, settled and stable. Used as in 「会社は安泰だ」 or 「老後の安泰」. Also used as a na-adjective, with forms like 「安泰な生活」.
AI-generated translation
N1
暗中模索
あんちゅうもさく
A four-character idiom describing proceeding by trial and error without any clue. Used in situations of trial and error in unknown territory, as in「新分野で暗中模索を続ける」.
AI-generated translation
N1
安堵
あんど
The feeling of relief when worries are gone and one settles down. Used as in「無事を知って安堵する」「安堵の表情」.
AI-generated translation
N1
案の定
あんのじょう
An adverb meaning "just as expected." Mostly used in situations where a bad prediction has come true, as in「案の定、失敗した」.
AI-generated translation
N1
暗黙
あんもく
A word expressing that the parties involved understand each other without saying it in words. Used idiomatically in the forms 「暗黙の了解」 or 「暗黙のうちに」. Often refers to norms or consensus that are not officially stated but are shared among the parties.
AI-generated translation
N1
暗躍
あんやく
A word for secretly working behind the scenes, unknown to others. Mostly used in negative contexts, as in「裏で暗躍する人物」.
AI-generated translation
N1
威圧
いあつ
Suppressing the other party with dignity or force. Used in forms like 「威圧的な態度」, 「威圧感」, or 「威圧する」. Not actual violence, but the meaning of intimidating the other into shrinking back through a strong attitude or overwhelming presence.
AI-generated translation
N1
居合わせる
いあわせる
To happen to be present at that place. Used in the form 「〜に居合わせる」 to mean being coincidentally at the location where an incident or event occurred. Not used when one has gone there intentionally.
AI-generated translation
N1
言い放つ
いいはなつ
To declare something decisively without consideration for those around. Used for remarks accompanied by a forceful tone or provocative attitude. Often carries a negative implication.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.