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JLPT N1 Vocabulary

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N1 ないがしろ ないがしろ
Means treating something that should be valued lightly or with neglect. Used as in 「礼儀をないがしろにする」 and 「安全をないがしろにする」. In kanji it is written 「蔑ろ」, but it is generally written in hiragana.

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N1 内需 ないじゅ
Demand arising from domestic consumption and investment. Used in economic contexts, as in「内需を拡大する」or「内需主導の成長」.

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N1 内紛 ないふん
A dispute or conflict that arises within an organization or group. Used as in「党内の内紛」or「内紛が激化する」.

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N1 内密 ないみつ
Keeping something secret so that others do not find out. Used as in「内密に処理する」or「内密の話」.

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N1 内憂外患 ないゆうがいかん
A situation in which a country or organization has internal worries while also being beset by external problems. Used as in「内憂外患に苦しむ」.

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N1 なおかつ なおかつ
A connective adverb meaning "in addition to what was just said, and moreover". Used as in「優秀で、なおかつ謙虚だ」.

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N1 なおざり なおざり
Doing something carelessly, without paying sufficient attention. Used as in「なおざりにする」or「なおざりにされる」. Note the distinction from「おざなり」:「なおざり」is closer to leaving something neglected.

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N1 なおも なおも
An adverb expressing that something continues despite a change in the situation. Used as in「なおも抵抗する」or「なおも追い求める」.

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N1 なぎ
A state in which the wind has died down and the sea surface has become calm. Often used together with words for times of day, as in「朝凪」or「夕凪」.

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N1 亡き なき
A word used to refer to a person who has passed away. Used as in「亡き父」or「亡き友」, expressing respect for the deceased.

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N1 薙ぎ倒す なぎたおす
Means to mow down grass, trees, or obstacles. Used for knocking things down in one sweep with great force, as in 「強風が木々を薙ぎ倒す」. Also often written with hiragana as 「なぎ倒す」.

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N1 投げやり なげやり
A word describing an attitude like throwing aside a task partway through — not engaging seriously and acting as though nothing matters. Used as in 「投げやりな態度」「投げやりな返事」.

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N1 和む なごむ
For tension to ease and one's mood to become calm and gentle. Used as in「場が和む」or「心が和む」.

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N1 名残 なごり
The lingering influence or trace of something that has passed. Used as in「名残惜しい」or「祭りの名残」.

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N1 情け なさけ
A feeling of compassion toward another's suffering or hardship. Used as in「情けをかける」or「情けは人のためならず」.

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N1 情け容赦 なさけようしゃ
Compassion or leniency toward another. Most often used in negative forms such as「情け容赦なく」or「情け容赦もなく」to express showing no mercy at all.

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N1 なし崩し なしくずし
Something becoming an established fact little by little and proceeding without going through formal procedures. Used as in「なし崩しに進める」or「なし崩し的に決まる」.

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N1 謎めく なぞめく
Having an air of mystery whose true nature is unclear. Used as in「謎めいた笑み」or「謎めいた言葉」.

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N1 名だたる なだたる
Being widely known by name and highly regarded. Used as in「名だたる企業」or「名だたる名門校」.

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N1 なだめる なだめる
To calm someone who is angry or excited. Used as in「泣く子をなだめる」or「怒りをなだめる」.

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N1 なだらか なだらか
Having a gentle, gradual slope rather than a steep one. Often used for terrain, as in「なだらかな丘」or「なだらかな坂道」.

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N1 なだれ込む なだれこむ
For a large number of people or things to surge in all at once. Used as in「観客がスタジアムになだれ込む」.

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N1 懐かしむ なつかしむ
To recall past days or places and be moved by a deep, fond feeling. Used as in「故郷を懐かしむ」or「昔を懐かしむ」.

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N1 懐く なつく
For a person or animal to grow attached to someone and come close to them. Used as in「犬が飼い主に懐く」or「子どもが懐く」.

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N1 撫でる なでる
To touch gently with the palm of one's hand. Used as in「頭を撫でる」(stroke someone's head) or「猫を撫でる」(pet a cat). It is also widely used in idioms and figurative expressions, such as「胸を撫で下ろす」(feel relieved, literally "stroke down one's chest") and「猫撫で声」(a coaxing, honeyed voice).

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N1 名乗り なのり
Telling another one's own name or status. Also used to express one's intent to come forward as a candidate or participant. Used as in「名乗りを上げる」.

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N1 名乗り出る なのりでる
To come forward of one's own accord, revealing one's name or position. Used as in「犯人が名乗り出る」or「ボランティアに名乗り出る」.

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N1 なまじ なまじ
An adverb expressing that doing something halfway has, on the contrary, brought about a bad result. Used as in「なまじ知識があるばかりに」.

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N1 生々しい なまなましい
An impression of an event that is still fresh and vivid, as if it were happening right in front of one. Used as in「記憶が生々しい」or「生々しい証言」.

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N1 生半可 なまはんか
Halfhearted and insufficient. Used in situations where resolve or ability is lacking, as in「生半可な気持ちでは続かない」or「生半可な知識」.

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N1 並大抵 なみたいてい
The ordinary level. Mostly used in the forms「並大抵ではない」or「並大抵のことではない」to emphasize that something is far beyond the ordinary.

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N1 涙ぐましい なみだぐましい
A figure of wholehearted effort that touches the heart of those who see it. Used as in「涙ぐましい努力」or「涙ぐましい献身」.

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N1 涙もろい なみだもろい
A disposition to cry easily out of emotion or sympathy. Used as in「年を取って涙もろくなった」.

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N1 なりすます なりすます
To pretend to be someone else, falsifying one's identity or status. Used as in「本人になりすます」or「警察官になりすます」.

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N1 生業 なりわい
The work one does daily to make a living. Used as in「農業を生業とする」.

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N1 馴れ合い なれあい
In a relationship that should normally involve opposition or competition, the state of covering for each other and losing all tension. Used as in「馴れ合いの関係」or「馴れ合いを断つ」.

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N1 馴れ馴れしい なれなれしい
Taking an excessively familiar attitude toward someone met for the first time or someone not particularly close. Used as in「馴れ馴れしい口調」or「馴れ馴れしく話しかける」.

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N1 縄張り なわばり
The area that an animal or person claims as their own territory. Used as in「縄張りを守る」or「縄張り争い」.

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N1 南下 なんか
To move from the north toward the south. Used as in「台風が南下する」or「軍が南下する」.

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N1 難儀 なんぎ
Being placed in a difficult situation and having to struggle. Used as in「難儀な仕事」or「難儀する」.

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N1 難局 なんきょく
A difficult situation that is hard to overcome. Used as in「難局を打開する」or「難局に立たされる」.

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N1 軟禁 なんきん
Restricting someone's freedom by not allowing them to leave a designated place. Used as in「自宅に軟禁する」.

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N1 難癖 なんくせ
Criticizing someone by bringing up unreasonable grounds. Used almost exclusively in the form「難癖をつける」.

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N1 難航 なんこう
A matter not progressing smoothly and causing difficulty. Used as in「交渉が難航する」or「計画が難航する」.

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N1 軟弱 なんじゃく
The body or mind being weak and lacking sturdiness. Also describes ground or foundations that are soft and unstable. Used as in「軟弱な地盤」or「軟弱な態度」.

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N1 難渋 なんじゅう
A matter failing to progress smoothly and causing difficulty. Used as in「交渉が難渋する」or「回答に難渋する」.

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N1 難色 なんしょく
Showing an attitude of disapproval toward another's proposal or request. Used almost exclusively in the form「難色を示す」.

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N1 難破 なんぱ
A ship being wrecked by a storm or accident and unable to continue sailing. Used as in「難破船」or「嵐で難破する」.

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N1 煮え切らない にえきらない
An expression describing an attitude or reply that is not clear-cut. Used as in「煮え切らない態度」or「煮え切らない返事」. Used toward someone who remains vague in a situation that calls for a decision.

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N1 匂わせる におわせる
A verb meaning to give off a scent or fragrance. Used as in 「花の香りを匂わせる」 (to give off the scent of flowers). It is also used figuratively to mean making someone sense something indirectly without stating it clearly. Used in situations where direct expression is avoided in favor of hinting, as in 「引退を匂わせる」「不満を匂わせる」.

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Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.