To become no longer clean. It means becoming dirty in appearance from mud or stains. Used as in 「服が汚れる」 (clothes get dirty). When someone makes something dirty, 「よごす」 is used, as in 「服を汚す」. The same 「汚れる」 read as 「けがれる」 becomes a different word expressing that sanctity or honor is spoiled.
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N4予習よしゅう
To study before a lesson. The antonym is「復習（ふくしゅう）」(review).
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N4予定よてい
Something one is going to do. To decide in advance.
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N2, N4, N5呼ぶよぶ
call. To say a person's name, etc., aloud to get their attention.
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N4予約よやく
To reserve a seat or room, etc., in advance.
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N2, N4, N5寄るよる
To go somewhere nearby. Used in the sense of stopping by a place. Example: 「店に寄る」 (to stop by a shop).
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N4喜ぶよろこぶ
To feel happy, and show that feeling.
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N2, N4理由りゆう
The reason why something happened.
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N2, N4利用りよう
To make good use of a thing or system.
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N4両方りょうほう
Both of two things. Not just one side, but a word that refers to both of them.
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N4留守るす
Not being at home, or being away from home.
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N4冷房れいぼう
To cool a room, and the machine for it. The antonym is「暖房（だんぼう）」(heating).
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N3, N4歴史れきし
The flow of events from long ago to now.
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N3, N4連絡れんらく
To inform someone by phone, letter, etc.
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N2, N4沸かすわかす
To make water, etc., hot. Example:「お湯を沸かす」(to boil water). The paired word is「沸く（わく）」(to boil).
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N3, N4別れるわかれる
To part from a person one was with.
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N4沸くわく
For water, etc., to become hot. Example:「お湯が沸く」(water boils). The paired word is「沸かす（わかす）」(to boil).
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N4訳わけ
The reason why something turned out as it did. Used as in 『会社をやめたわけを話す』 ("to tell the reason one left the company"). In the meaning of "reason," it is usually written in kana as 『わけ』. When the same character is read 『やく』, it becomes a separate word meaning to render words into another country's language (such as interpreting).
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N4忘れ物わすれもの
A thing left behind by mistake.
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N4笑うわらう
To express happiness or amusement through one's voice or face. The antonym is「泣く（なく）」(to cry).
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N4割合わりあい
The proportion that a part occupies within the whole. Used as in 「三人に一人の割合で車をもっている」 (one in three people owns a car), 「男女の割合」 (the ratio of men to women). Adding 「に」 gives 「割合に」, which no longer refers to a ratio but means "more ... than expected," as in 「割合にやさしい問題だった」 (it was an easier question than expected). In spoken Japanese, however, 「割と」 is used far more often.
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N4, N5悪いわるい
bad. Not being good. The antonym is 「良い」 (good).
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N1, N2, N4割れるわれる
For a hard object to be broken and separated by force. Example: 「ガラスが割れる」 (glass shatters).
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