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JLPT N2 Vocabulary
1,262words ・ 0Learned
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N2
血縁
けつえん
It refers to having a blood relationship. Used in expressions like 「血縁関係」 or 「血縁を頼る」, it indicates biological kinship such as parent-child or siblings. It is also used in legal and family register contexts.
AI-generated translation
N2
欠陥
けっかん
Something that should be present being missing; a flaw; a deficiency.
AI-generated translation
N2
傑作
けっさく
A work of art or creative production with extraordinarily outstanding achievement. Used in expressions like 「不朽の傑作」 or 「彼の傑作」, it is a formal word used in contexts of praising a work outstanding enough to be remembered by posterity.
AI-generated translation
N2
結晶
けっしょう
The original meaning refers to a substance whose molecules or atoms are arranged in a regular pattern, forming a definite shape. From this, the word came to be used metaphorically for something that takes shape through the accumulation of effort or affection. It is a formal word often used metaphorically, as in 「努力の結晶」 or 「汗の結晶」.
AI-generated translation
N2
決断
けつだん
To cut off hesitation and make up one's mind clearly.
AI-generated translation
N2
血統
けっとう
It refers to the blood connection passed down from parents to children, that is, the family line. Used in expressions like 「名門の血統」 or 「血統書」, it is used in contexts that emphasize the lineage of people or animals.
AI-generated translation
N2
欠落
けつらく
「欠」 means to lack, and 「落」 means to fall or drop out; together they mean to drop out and be missing. It is a word expressing that what should originally be present has fallen away. Used in expressions like 「責任感の欠落」 or 「データの欠落」, it is a formal word for a state in which a necessary element or ability has been lost.
AI-generated translation
N2
けなす
けなす
It is a verb that expresses speaking ill of someone or something. Used in expressions like 「人をけなす」 or 「作品をけなす」, in situations of valuing something low and criticizing it. It is the opposite meaning of 「ほめる」.
AI-generated translation
N2
仮病
けびょう
Pretending to be ill when one is not. Used as a pretext to skip school or work. The set pattern is to combine with the verb「使う」, as in「仮病を使う」.
AI-generated translation
N2
下劣
げれつ
A word describing a person's character or actions as base and lacking in dignity. A formal expression used to strongly criticize someone, as in「下劣な手段」「下劣な発言」.
AI-generated translation
N2, N3
険しい
けわしい
steep. A state in which a mountain or slope's incline is sharp and difficult to climb. Example: 「険しい山道」 (a steep mountain path). Also used to mean a harsh, sharp look, as in 「険しい表情」 (a stern expression).
AI-generated translation
N2
減価
げんか
A word meaning the decline in value of an asset over time. Frequently appears as an accounting term in「減価償却」, referring to the process of expensing the value of equipment or machinery year by year.
AI-generated translation
N2
見解
けんかい
A view or opinion on an issue. A formal word used for official positions or expert opinions, as in 政府の見解 (the government's view), 見解の相違 (a difference of opinion).
AI-generated translation
N2
謙虚
けんきょ
It refers to a manner of behaving modestly without boasting of one's ability or position. Used in expressions like 「謙虚な態度」 or 「謙虚に学ぶ」, it is used in contexts of positively evaluating character or attitude.
AI-generated translation
N2
兼業
けんぎょう
To carry out another job in addition to one's main occupation. The paired opposite word is 「専業」.
AI-generated translation
N2, N3
現金
げんきん
cash. Money in the form of bills and coins that can be used on the spot. Example: 「現金で払う」 (to pay in cash). There is also the expression 「現金な人」 (a person who quickly changes their attitude based on gain or loss).
AI-generated translation
N2
権限
けんげん
「権」 means authority or right, and 「限」 means limit; together they refer to the range within which authority extends. It refers to the range of rights that someone in a particular position can officially exercise. Used in expressions like 「権限を与える」 or 「権限を逸脱する」, it is a formal word indicating who within an organization can decide what.
AI-generated translation
N2
健在
けんざい
A person living in good health; also, a thing or an ability being maintained without weakening. 「実力は健在だ」.
AI-generated translation
N2
堅実
けんじつ
「堅」 means firm, and 「実」 means substantial or reliable; together they mean firm and reliable. It is a word expressing being steady and reliable without flashiness. Used in expressions like 「堅実な経営」 or 「堅実な人柄」, in contexts of positively evaluating character or policy. It is often seen in investment and work evaluations.
AI-generated translation
N2
拳銃
けんじゅう
A small firearm that can be handled with one hand. A word frequently seen in news related to crime or public safety, as in「拳銃を所持する」「拳銃で撃つ」.
AI-generated translation
N2
懸賞
けんしょう
To award a prize or money, such as by lottery, to those who answer a question correctly or who apply.
AI-generated translation
N1, N2
現象
げんしょう
Something that appears in a form that can be seen or felt; a phenomenon. 自然現象 (natural phenomenon), 社会現象 (social phenomenon). Refers to the outward appearance of things, as opposed to their cause or substance.
AI-generated translation
N2
現状
げんじょう
The present state of affairs. 現状を維持する (maintain the status quo), 現状では実現が難しい (hard to achieve under the present conditions).
AI-generated translation
N2
厳然
げんぜん
「厳」 means stern or severe, and 「然」 means in the manner of; together they mean a stern manner. It is a word expressing that an unshakeable fact clearly exists. Used in expressions like 「厳然たる事実」 or 「厳然として存在する」, it is a formal word emphasizing harsh reality that cannot be denied.
AI-generated translation
N2
健全
けんぜん
The mind, body, an organization, etc. being in a good, balanced condition without bias. 「健全な経営」.
AI-generated translation
N2
謙遜
けんそん
It refers to speaking modestly about one's own ability or achievements. Used in expressions like 「謙遜してそう言うのだろう」 or 「過度な謙遜」, it is a formal word used when a person who has been praised speaks of themselves humbly.
AI-generated translation
N2
見地
けんち
The standpoint or viewpoint from which one thinks about or judges something. 「教育的見地から」.
AI-generated translation
N2
堅調
けんちょう
「堅」 means firm, and 「調」 means tone or condition; together they mean a firm condition. It refers to a state being stable and progressing smoothly. Used in expressions like 「業績が堅調だ」 or 「堅調に伸びる」, it is a formal word for positively evaluating trends in economy or sales.
AI-generated translation
N2
原典
げんてん
It refers to the original work that serves as the source of translations, citations, or summaries. Used in expressions like 「原典に当たる」 or 「原典を確認する」, it is a formal word used in research and academic contexts.
AI-generated translation
N2
見当
けんとう
A rough guess or estimate. 見当がつく (can roughly guess), 見当外れ (off the mark). Attached after a number, it shows an approximate amount (千円見当 "around 1,000 yen"). The homophone 検討 means examining something carefully, which is a different meaning.
AI-generated translation
N2
原動力
げんどうりょく
It refers to the original power that drives or develops things. Used in expressions like 「成長の原動力」 or 「改革の原動力」, it is a metaphorical expression for the fundamental power that brings about change or development.
AI-generated translation
N2, N3
現場
げんば
site. The place where something is actually taking place. Example: 「工事現場」 (a construction site), 「事故の現場」 (the scene of an accident). Also used to mean the people actually doing the work, as in 「現場の意見」 (the opinion of those on the ground).
AI-generated translation
N2
憲法
けんぽう
The most fundamental law of a country, which defines its structure and the rights and duties of its people; a constitution.
AI-generated translation
N2
賢明
けんめい
Making a wise and correct judgment after carefully observing the situation. Often used to praise a decision or method, as in 「賢明な選択」.
AI-generated translation
N2
倹約
けんやく
It refers to cutting down on expenses by eliminating waste. Used in expressions like 「倹約家」 or 「倹約に努める」, it is used positively to express the attitude of reducing expenditures in a planned way.
AI-generated translation
N2
兼用
けんよう
To use one item for two or more purposes. 「晴雨兼用」.
AI-generated translation
N2
原理
げんり
It refers to the fundamental law that allows things to come into being. Used in expressions like 「てこの原理」 or 「需要と供給の原理」, it indicates the basic mechanism in natural sciences and social sciences.
AI-generated translation
N2
権力
けんりょく
It refers to a strong power that can make others submit. Used in expressions like 「権力を握る」 or 「権力を振るう」, it indicates the dominant power in politics or an organization.
AI-generated translation
N2
故意
こい
It refers to doing something on purpose. Used in expressions like 「故意に」 or 「故意の」, it is a formal word indicating that something is not by negligence, used in legal contexts and situations involving trouble.
AI-generated translation
N2
講演
こうえん
Giving a talk on a topic before a large audience; a lecture. 講演会 (a lecture event). The homophone 公演 means performing a play, music, etc. for an audience, and is distinguished from 講演, which is about giving a talk.
AI-generated translation
N2
硬貨
こうか
Money made of metal; a coin. Money made of paper is called 「紙幣」.
AI-generated translation
N2
光景
こうけい
A scene or sight before one's eyes. Often used for scenes that carry the viewer's impression, as in 悲惨な光景 (a tragic sight), ほほえましい光景 (a heartwarming scene). Whereas 風景 refers to views of land or nature, 光景 includes how events appear.
AI-generated translation
N2, N3
攻撃
こうげき
attack. To assault an enemy. Example: 「攻撃をしかける」 (to launch an attack). Also used to mean strongly criticizing something, as in 「発言を攻撃する」 (to attack someone's statement). The antonyms are 「守備」 (defense) and 「防御」 (defense).
AI-generated translation
N2
貢献
こうけん
To exert effort and be of use for the sake of something or for society.
AI-generated translation
N1, N2
交差
こうさ
Two or more lines or roads crossing each other.
AI-generated translation
N2
功罪
こうざい
Both the good and bad sides that a matter or person possesses. Used in expressions like 「功罪相半ばする」 or 「功罪を論じる」, it is a formal word used in situations of stating both sides of an evaluation together.
AI-generated translation
N2
後者
こうしゃ
The latter of two things mentioned. The opposite is 前者 (the former). Used in writing.
AI-generated translation
N2
控除
こうじょ
To subtract a fixed portion from a certain amount. 「医療費控除」. Used in procedures involving money and taxes.
AI-generated translation
N2
交渉
こうしょう
To talk with another party in order to settle a matter.
AI-generated translation
N2
向上
こうじょう
An ability or condition becoming better than before. The paired opposite word is 「低下」.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.