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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,238words (N1–N5 total)
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N1
矯正
きょうせい
「矯」 means to straighten what is bent, and 「正」 means to correct; together they mean to straighten distortion. It refers to correcting a bad state or habit into a good one. Used in expressions like 「歯列矯正」, 「視力矯正」, or 「矯正施設」. It is a formal word used in the sense of returning the body, character, or behavior to a normal state.
AI-generated translation
N2
強制
きょうせい
To force someone to do something regardless of their will.
AI-generated translation
N2
行政
ぎょうせい
The governmental function carried out by the state or local public bodies based on laws and policies.
AI-generated translation
N4
競争
きょうそう
To compare speed, strength, etc., with others in order to decide who is best.
AI-generated translation
N5
兄弟
きょうだい
Older brother, younger brother, older sister, younger sister. Often referred to collectively as 「きょうだい」 regardless of gender.
AI-generated translation
N1
驚嘆
きょうたん
「驚」 means to be amazed, and 「嘆」 means to exclaim in admiration; together they mean to be amazed and admire. It refers to being deeply impressed and amazed. Used in expressions like 「驚嘆に値する」 or 「驚嘆の声を上げる」. It is a formal word with a sense of praise, expressing deep emotion at something excellent.
AI-generated translation
N2
境地
きょうち
(1) A state or stage of mind reached after effort. 「悟りの境地」. (2) The position or situation one finds oneself in.
AI-generated translation
N2
協調
きょうちょう
「協」 means to cooperate, and 「調」 means to harmonize; together they mean to combine forces and maintain harmony. It refers to yielding to each other and joining forces. Used in expressions like 「協調性」 or 「国際協調」. It is a formal word frequently appearing in organizational management and diplomacy, expressing the attitude of avoiding conflict and connecting with others.
AI-generated translation
N3
共通
きょうつう
common. Something that applies to any of two or more things. Example: 「共通の友人」 (a mutual friend), 「共通点」 (a common point), 「共通の話題」 (a shared topic).
AI-generated translation
N2
協定
きょうてい
An agreement reached through discussion between countries or organizations.
AI-generated translation
N1
仰天
ぎょうてん
「仰」 means to look up, and 「天」 means the sky or heaven; the original meaning is being so astonished that one looks up to the sky. From this, it came to mean being so amazed that one cannot even speak. Used in expressions like 「びっくり仰天」 or 「仰天する」. It is a somewhat archaic word expressing amazement of a greater degree than ordinary surprise.
AI-generated translation
N2
郷土
きょうど
「郷」 means hometown, and 「土」 means earth or land; together they refer to the land where one was born and raised. It refers to the land of one's birth and upbringing, or to the distinctive culture of a particular region. It is a somewhat formal word frequently appearing in compounds like 「郷土料理」, 「郷土史」, or 「郷土愛」, used more broadly than 「故郷」 in formal contexts.
AI-generated translation
N2
脅迫
きょうはく
「脅」 means to threaten, and 「迫」 means to press in; together they mean to threaten and press. It refers to threatening someone to make them do something. Used in expressions like 「脅迫状」 or 「脅迫罪」. It is a formal word frequently appearing in crime news and legal contexts, clearly referring to an illegal act.
AI-generated translation
N1
共謀
きょうぼう
「共」 means together, and 「謀」 means to plot or scheme; together they mean to plot together. It refers to two or more people conspiring to carry out a wrongful act. Used in expressions like 「共謀して犯行に及ぶ」 or 「共謀罪」. It is a formal word frequently appearing in legal and crime news, always used in a negative sense.
AI-generated translation
N4
興味
きょうみ
A feeling of wanting to know more or try doing something. Example: 「音楽に興味がある」 (interested in music).
AI-generated translation
N2
共鳴
きょうめい
It refers to deeply agreeing with another's opinion or way of thinking. Used in expressions like 「○○の主張に共鳴する」. It is a somewhat formal word for assent, derived from the meaning of sound physically resonating.
AI-generated translation
N2
強要
きょうよう
「強」 means to force, and 「要」 means to demand; together they mean to forcibly demand. It refers to making someone do something against their will. Used in expressions like 「自白を強要する」 or 「協力を強要する」. It is a formal word frequently appearing in legal and human rights contexts, implying unjust pressure.
AI-generated translation
N2
享楽
きょうらく
「享」 means to receive or to savor, and 「楽」 means to enjoy; together they mean to fully savor enjoyment. It refers to enjoying pleasure to one's heart's content. Used in expressions like 「享楽にふける」 or 「享楽的な生活」. It is a formal word with a slightly negative tone, referring to the pursuit of pleasure without moderation.
AI-generated translation
N2
郷里
きょうり
It refers to the land where one was born and raised. Used in expressions like 「郷里に帰る」 or 「遠い郷里」. It is nearly synonymous with 「故郷」, but is a formal word used in more formal writing.
AI-generated translation
N2
強烈
きょうれつ
「強」 means strong, and 「烈」 means intense; the word combines two synonymous characters. It refers to stimulation or impression being extremely strong. Used in expressions like 「強烈な印象」 or 「強烈な光」. It is a somewhat formal word expressing extreme intensity, both physically and as a sensation.
AI-generated translation
N2
虚偽
きょぎ
「虚」 means empty or false, and 「偽」 means to falsify; the word combines two synonymous characters. It refers to making what is not true appear as if it were true. Used in expressions like 「虚偽の申告」 or 「虚偽の証言」. It is a formal word frequently appearing in legal and administrative contexts, used clearly in a negative sense.
AI-generated translation
N1
極限
きょくげん
「極」 means to reach the extreme, and 「限」 means a limit; together they mean a limit pushed to the utmost. It refers to a state from which one can go no further. Used in expressions like 「極限状態」 or 「極限まで追求する」. It is a somewhat formal word for physical or mental limits, used broadly in academic papers, novels, and sports.
AI-generated translation
N3
極端
きょくたん
extreme. A state greatly deviating from the normal degree. Example: 「極端な意見」 (an extreme opinion), 「極端に少ない」 (extremely few).
AI-generated translation
N1
極致
きょくち
「極」 means to reach the extreme, and 「致」 means to arrive; together they mean a state of arriving at the extreme. It refers to the highest state reached by pursuing something to its end. Used in expressions like 「美の極致」 or 「贅沢の極致」, it is a formal word expressing a quality having reached its limit, carrying praise or criticism.
AI-generated translation
N1
極力
きょくりょく
「極」 means to reach the extreme, and 「力」 means power; together they mean to exert oneself to the utmost. It means "as much as possible" or "to the maximum within what is feasible". Used in expressions like 「極力避ける」 or 「極力協力する」, it is an adverb modifying verbs. It is a formal expression used in formal situations and business documents.
AI-generated translation
N2
拒絶
きょぜつ
「拒」 means to refuse, and 「絶」 means to cut off; together they mean to refuse and cut off. It refers to strongly rejecting and not accepting. Used in expressions like 「面会を拒絶する」 or 「拒絶反応」. It is a formal word with a stronger and more decisive nuance than 「拒否」.
AI-generated translation
N2
許諾
きょだく
「許」 means to permit, and 「諾」 means to consent or accept; the word combines two synonymous characters. It refers to accepting and granting another's request or wish. Used in expressions like 「使用許諾」 or 「著作権許諾」. It is a formal specialized term frequently appearing in contract and copyright contexts.
AI-generated translation
N2
拠点
きょてん
「拠」 means a base or foothold, and 「点」 means a point or place; together they mean a point that serves as a base. It refers to the central location that serves as a foothold for activity. Used in expressions like 「海外拠点」 or 「研究拠点」. It is a formal word for the central place of activity in broad fields such as business, military, and research.
AI-generated translation
N1
挙動
きょどう
「挙」 means to behave or carry oneself, and 「動」 means to move; together they refer to a person's behavior and movement. It refers to a person's actions and conduct. Used in expressions like 「挙動が怪しい」 or 「不審な挙動」. It is a formal word describing the movements of an observed subject, frequently appearing in security and investigation contexts.
AI-generated translation
N5
去年
きょねん
The year before this year. In formal settings, 「さくねん」 (昨年) is also used.
AI-generated translation
N2
拒否
きょひ
「拒」 means to refuse, and 「否」 means to deny; the word combines two synonymous characters. It refers to rejecting a request or proposal without accepting it. Used in expressions like 「協力を拒否する」 or 「拒否権」. It is a somewhat formal word used widely in both everyday life and official contexts.
AI-generated translation
N1
拒否反応
きょひはんのう
Originally a medical term referring to the immune response in which the body rejects a transplanted organ as a foreign substance and tries to eliminate it. From this, the term came to be used metaphorically for an unconscious strong refusal to accept something new or unfamiliar. It is a relatively formal word frequently used in psychological and social contexts, as in 「○○に拒否反応を示す」.
AI-generated translation
N2
許容
きょよう
It refers to the range that one can accept and permit. Used in expressions like 「許容範囲」 or 「許容する」, it is a somewhat formal word used in situations of speaking about rules, standards, or tolerance.
AI-generated translation
N3
距離
きょり
The length between two places or things. Also used when a relationship with a person is distant, as in 「距離を置く」 (to keep one's distance).
AI-generated translation
N5
嫌い
きらい
Not liking something. Example: 「嫌いな食べもの」 (a disliked food). The antonym is 「すき」 (like).
AI-generated translation
N2
切り替える
きりかえる
It refers to stopping the state or method up to that point and changing to another. Used in expressions like 「気持ちを切り替える」 or 「方針を切り替える」, it is a verb expressing a shift in situation.
AI-generated translation
N1
切り口
きりくち
Originally it means the cross-section that appears when something is cut. From this, it came to be used metaphorically for the perspective or angle from which one approaches a matter. Used in expressions like 「新しい切り口」 or 「斬新な切り口」, it is a somewhat formal word for grasping things from one's own perspective.
AI-generated translation
N2
規律
きりつ
「規」 means rule, and 「律」 means law; the word combines two synonymous characters. It refers to rules that must be followed to maintain the order of an organization or group. Used in expressions like 「規律を守る」 or 「規律正しい」. It is a formal word frequently appearing in contexts that value order, such as the military, schools, and companies.
AI-generated translation
N1
切り詰める
きりつめる
It refers to eliminating waste and reducing costs or quantities to the minimum necessary. It is a word used in forms like 「生活費を切り詰める」 or 「支出を切り詰める」, used in the context of frugality and saving.
AI-generated translation
N2
切り抜ける
きりぬける
The original meaning is the action of cutting through with a blade and passing out. From this, it came to be used metaphorically for somehow getting past a difficult situation and escaping. Used in forms like 「危機を切り抜ける」 or 「難局を切り抜ける」, it means escaping a predicament through one's own ingenuity and effort.
AI-generated translation
N1
切り盛り
きりもり
The original meaning is the action of cutting food and dividing it onto plates. From this, it came to be used metaphorically for skillfully managing household finances or running a shop. Used in expressions like 「家計を切り盛りする」 or 「店を切り盛りする」, it is a somewhat formal word for managing a household or small-scale business.
AI-generated translation
N2
器量
きりょう
「器」 means a vessel, and 「量」 means capacity; together they refer to the capacity of a vessel. From this, it came to be used metaphorically for the ability to accomplish things well and the breadth of a person's character. Used in expressions like 「器量がある」 or 「器量を試される」. It is a formal word used to evaluate leaders or people in positions of responsibility.
AI-generated translation
N5
切る
きる
cut. To divide something with scissors or a knife. Example: 「かみを切る」 (to cut paper). Also used to mean stopping something, as in 「電気を切る」 (to turn off electricity), 「電話を切る」 (to hang up the phone).
AI-generated translation
N5
着る
きる
To put clothes on the body. Used for things worn on the upper body, such as shirts and jackets; 「はく」 is used for trousers and shoes. Same reading as 「切る」.
AI-generated translation
N2, N5
きれい
きれい
Being beautiful. Example: 「きれいな花」 (a beautiful flower). Also used to mean not being dirty, as in 「きれいな手」 (clean hands). The kanji 「綺麗」 is usually written in hiragana in daily life.
AI-generated translation
N2
疑惑
ぎわく
Suspicion about whether something is really correct, or whether someone has done something wrong.
AI-generated translation
N1
極める
きわめる
「極」 means the utmost, the very edge. It refers to deeply pursuing something to its highest stage. Used in expressions like 「道を極める」 or 「栄華を極める」, in the sense of skill or state reaching its highest stage. While the same-reading 「究める」 means to pursue and understand truth, 「極める」 more often expresses the peak of a state.
AI-generated translation
N1
究める
きわめる
「究」 means to investigate to the depths. It refers to deeply pursuing and clarifying the essence or truth of a matter. Used in expressions like 「学問を究める」 or 「真理を究める」, in contexts of intellectual inquiry. While the same-reading 「極める」 means to reach the peak of a state, 「究める」 leans toward the sense of pursuing and understanding deeply.
AI-generated translation
N1
均衡
きんこう
「均」 means equal, and 「衡」 means the crossbar of a balance, that is, equilibrium; the word combines two characters both related to balance. It refers to a state in which the forces or quantities of two or more things are balanced with each other. Used in expressions like 「均衡を保つ」 or 「均衡を破る」. It is a formal word frequently appearing in contexts of power relations in economy, politics, and nature.
AI-generated translation
N2
均質
きんしつ
It refers to the property or quality being the same throughout the whole. Used in expressions like 「均質な製品」 or 「均質化」. It is a formal word frequently appearing in industrial and scientific contexts, often used in quality control situations.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.