The day before yesterday. Read as 「おととい」. Often written in hiragana.
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N5一昨年おととし
The year before last year. Read as 「おととし」.
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N3, N5大人おとな
adult. A grown person, not a child. Read as 「おとな」.
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N5お腹おなか
The middle part of the body where food goes. Example: 「お腹がすく」 (to get hungry), 「お腹が痛い」 (to have a stomachache).
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N5同じおなじ
same. Having no difference. Example: 「同じ学校」 (the same school), 「同じ大きさ」 (the same size). The antonym is 「ちがう」 (different).
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N5お兄さんおにいさん
A word for calling one's older brother. Someone else's older brother is also called 「お兄さん」.
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N5お姉さんおねえさん
A word for calling one's older sister. Someone else's older sister is also called 「お姉さん」.
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N5おばあさんおばあさん
An elderly woman. Also, one's father's or mother's mother.
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N5おばさんおばさん
A word for one's father's or mother's sister. Also used for an unfamiliar adult woman. Written with the kanji 「伯母さん」 or 「叔母さん」, but usually written in hiragana.
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N5覚えるおぼえる
To take something into one's mind and not forget it. Example: 「ことばを覚える」 (to memorize words). The antonym is 「わすれる」 (to forget).
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N3, N5重いおもい
A state requiring strength to lift. Example: 「重いかばん」 (a heavy bag). The antonym is 「軽い」 (light).
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N2, N5面白いおもしろい
A state of feeling like laughing, or feeling fun. Example: 「面白い話」 (an interesting story). Also used for books or work, meaning "interesting."
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N5泳ぐおよぐ
swim. To move through the water by moving one's hands and feet. Example: 「海で泳ぐ」 (to swim in the sea).
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N5降りるおりる
To move from a high place to a low place. To get out of a train or car. Example: 「バスを降りる」 (to get off a bus). The antonym is 「のる」 (to get on).
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N5終わるおわる
end. For something that was continuing to reach its stopping point. Example: 「じゅぎょうが終わる」 (class ends). The antonym is 「始まる」 (to begin).
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N5音楽おんがく
music. Something enjoyed through the sound of singing or instruments.
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N5女おんな
woman. One of the sexes of a person. The antonym is 「男」 (man).
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N5女の子おんなのこ
girl. A female child.
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N5会社かいしゃ
company. A place where people gather to work. Example: 「会社に行く」 (to go to work/the office).
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N5階段かいだん
stairs. A place connecting an upper floor and a lower floor, climbed and descended on foot.
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N5買い物かいもの
shopping. Buying things. Example: 「スーパーで買い物をする」 (to shop at a supermarket).
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N5買うかう
buy. To pay money and make something one's own. The antonym is 「売る」 (to sell).
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N5返すかえす
return. To give back something borrowed to the original person. Example: 「本を返す」 (to return a book). Distinguished in writing from the homophone 「帰す」 (to send a person back home, etc.) and others.
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N5帰るかえる
To go back to one's own home, country, or original place. Example: 「家に帰る」 (to go home).
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N5顔かお
face. The front part of the head, where the eyes, nose, and mouth are.
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N5かかるかかる
To require time or money. Example: 「駅まで十分かかる」 (it takes 10 minutes to the station). Has various uses, as in 「かぎがかかる」 (to be locked), 「電話がかかる」 (a call comes in). Written with the kanji 「掛かる」, but usually written in hiragana.
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N2, N5鍵かぎ
key. A tool for opening or locking a door, etc. 「かぎをかける」 means to lock a door, etc.
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N5書くかく
write. To represent characters or a sentence using a pen or pencil. Example: 「名前を書く」 (to write one's name).
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N5学生がくせい
student. A person who studies at school. Often refers to someone studying at a university.
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N5傘かさ
umbrella. A tool held up to block rain or sunlight. Example: 「傘をさす」 (to hold up an umbrella).
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N3, N5貸すかす
lend. To let someone use one's own thing for a certain time. The opposite, using someone else's thing, is 「かりる」 (to borrow).
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N5風かぜ
wind. Moving air. Example: 「風がふく」 (the wind blows). The same 「風」 read as 「ふう」 becomes a different word expressing a manner or style, as in 「そんな風に」 or 「日本風」.
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N5風邪かぜ
An illness that causes fever, sore throat, or runny nose. Used with the verb 「風邪をひく」 (to catch a cold). Same reading as 「風」 (wind).
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N5家族かぞく
family. The people who live together, such as father, mother, and children.
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N5方かた
A polite way of saying 「人」 (person). Example: 「あの方はどなたですか」 (who is that person?). Read as 「ほう」, it becomes a word for comparing two things, as in 「こちらの方が高い」 (this one is more expensive).
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N5学校がっこう
school. A place where children or students study.
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N5角かど
corner. The place where two roads meet. The pointed edge of an object. Example: 「つぎの角を右にまがる」 (turn right at the next corner). When read 「つの」, it means the horn on an animal's head.
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N5かばんかばん
bag. Something for carrying books or belongings. The kanji 「鞄」 is not much used in daily life, and it is usually written in hiragana or katakana.
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N5花瓶かびん
vase. A container for holding and displaying flowers.
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N5紙かみ
paper. A thin material used for writing or wrapping things.
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N5火曜日かようび
Tuesday. A day of the week. The day after Monday.
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N5辛いからい
spicy. A hot taste that stings the mouth. Example: 「辛いカレー」 (spicy curry). When read 「つらい」, it becomes a different word meaning "painful/hard."
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N5体からだ
body. The whole of a person or animal, from head to foot. Example: 「体にいい食べもの」 (food that is good for the body).
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N3, N5借りるかりる
borrow. To use someone else's thing for a certain time. The antonym is 「貸す」 (to lend).
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N3, N5軽いかるい
A state not requiring strength to lift. Example: 「軽いかばん」 (a light bag). The antonym is 「重い」 (heavy).
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N5川かわ
river. A long, narrow place where water flows.
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N5可愛いかわいい
cute. A feeling of liking and wanting to protect something small or a child. Often written in hiragana as 「かわいい」.
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N5漢字かんじ
Characters used in Japanese that came from China. Example: 「山」, 「川」. Used together with hiragana and katakana in Japanese writing.
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N4, N5木き
tree. A large plant that grows from the ground, with branches and leaves.
This word has different meanings and uses at each level
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