For the sun to set and the surroundings to grow dark. Example: 「日が暮れる」 (the day draws to a close). Also used to mean a year coming to an end, as in 「今年も暮れる」 (this year is ending too).
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N4毛け
hair. Thin strands that grow on the body or on animals. Also used to mean material for clothing, etc., as in 「毛のセーター」 (a wool sweater).
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N4経済けいざい
economy. The system by which goods and money are created and moved.
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N4警察けいさつ
police. A place, and the people, whose job is to protect the safety of a town and prevent wrongdoing.
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N4景色けしき
scenery. The surrounding sights that can be seen, such as mountains or the sea.
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N4消しゴムけしごむ
eraser. A tool for erasing writing made with a pencil.
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N4下宿げしゅく
lodging. To pay money to rent a room in someone's house and live there.
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N4決してけっして
Followed by a negative, a word intensifying the feeling of "absolutely." Example: 「決してわすれない」 (I will never forget).
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N4原因げんいん
The reason or cause why something happened. Example: 「じこの原因」 (the cause of an accident).
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N4喧嘩けんか
quarrel. To argue or fight with someone. Used for both verbal disputes and physical fighting.
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N4研究けんきゅう
research. To investigate or think deeply about something.
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N4研究室けんきゅうしつ
laboratory. A room for doing research.
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N4見物けんぶつ
To go see something rare or famous. Example: 「おまつりを見物する」 (to view a festival). The same 「見物」 read as 「みもの」 is a different word referring to something worth seeing, something entertaining to watch.
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N4郊外こうがい
suburbs. A quiet area away from the center of a town.
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N4講義こうぎ
lecture. What a teacher teaches students at a university, etc.
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N4工業こうぎょう
industry. An industry that makes things using machines, etc.
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N4高校こうこう
The school one attends after junior high school. Formally called 「高等学校」, but usually called 「高校」.
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N4高校生こうこうせい
high school student. A student attending high school.
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N4工場こうじょう
factory. A building where things are made using machines. The same 「工場」 is sometimes read 「こうば」, in which case it often refers to a small factory in a town.
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N4校長こうちょう
principal. The highest-ranking person at a school. Oversees the entire school.
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N4交通こうつう
Movement of people and things by car, train, airplane, etc. Example: 「交通がべんりなまち」 (a town with convenient transportation).
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N4講堂こうどう
auditorium. A room at a school, etc., where many people gather for ceremonies and events.
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N4公務員こうむいん
civil servant. A person who does work for the country or town, such as at a city hall.
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N2, N4国際こくさい
Something between countries. It is always attached to the front of another word, and 「国際」 alone never stands in a sentence. A plane that flies between countries is a 「国際線（こくさいせん）」, and ties between countries are 「国際関係（こくさいかんけい）」; there are also 「国際けっこん」 and 「国際くうこう」. In the form 「国際的（こくさいてき）」 it becomes a word that describes what something is like, as in 「国際的にゆうめいな店」.
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N4心こころ
heart. The thing inside a person that feels happiness, sadness, etc. Also used to mean a way of thinking, as in 「心がひろい」 (broad-minded).
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N4故障こしょう
For a machine or tool to break and stop working. Example: 「くるまが故障する」 (a car breaks down).
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N4小鳥ことり
small bird. A small bird, such as a sparrow.
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N4この間このあいだ
A certain time a little while ago. Example: 「この間、えきで先生に会った」 (I met the teacher at the station the other day).
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N4この頃このごろ
A recent period, close to now. Example: 「この頃、さむくなった」 (it has gotten cold lately).
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N4細かいこまかい
A state where the size or amount of something is small. Also used to mean small denominations of money, as in 「細かいおかね」 (small change).
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N4ごみごみ
trash. Something no longer needed that is thrown away.
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N4込むこむ
For there to be many people or vehicles, becoming crowded. Example: 「でんしゃが込む」 (the train gets crowded).
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N4米こめ
rice. White grains grown in a paddy field, used as food. Usually cooked by boiling.
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N4壊すこわす
To hit or drop something so it can no longer be used. Example: 「おもちゃを壊す」 (to break a toy). When it breaks on its own, 「壊れる」 is used.
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N4壊れるこわれる
For something to break and become unusable. Example: 「パソコンが壊れる」 (a computer breaks).
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N4冷めるさめる
For the temperature of something hot to drop. Also used to mean feelings weakening, as in「きょうみが冷める」(interest cools/fades).
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N4市し
city. An administrative division larger than a town. Example: 「大阪市」 (Osaka City). The same 「市」 read as 「いち」 is a different word referring to an event where people gather on set days to buy and sell goods.
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N4字じ
character. A shape written to represent language. Hiragana, katakana, kanji, etc.
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N4試合しあい
In sports, to compete against an opponent to decide who wins or loses.
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N4仕方しかた
A method for doing something. Similar to 「作り方」 (how to make). 「しかたがない」 means there is no other way.
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N4叱るしかる
To sternly warn a person who has done something wrong.
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N4試験しけん
A set of questions used to check whether one understands or can do something.
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N4事故じこ
An unexpected, bad event caused by a car or machine, etc.
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N4地震じしん
earthquake. The shaking of the ground.
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N4時代じだい
era. A period within history. Example: 「江戸時代」 (the Edo period). Also used to mean the present time, as in 「今の時代」 (the present day).
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N4下着したぎ
underwear. Clothing worn close to the skin, under one's outer clothes.
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N4しっかりしっかり
A strong, reliable manner. Example: 「しっかりつかまる」 (to hold on tight). Also used to mean being serious and proper.
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N4失敗しっぱい
failure. For something one tried to do to not go well.
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N4辞典じてん
dictionary. A book explaining the meanings of words.
This word has different meanings and uses at each level
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