For a number or amount to become smaller. Example: 「人口が減る」 (the population decreases). 「おなかが減る」 means "to become hungry." 「減る」 is used when something decreases on its own, while 「減らす」 is used when a person makes it smaller: compare 「体重が減る」 with 「体重を減らす」. The word with the opposite meaning is 「増える」 (to increase).
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N3, N5辺へん
The area, the vicinity of a place. Example: 「この辺」 (around here).
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N3変化へんか
change. A state or quality of something changing. Example: 「気温の変化」 (change in temperature).
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N3, N5勉強べんきょう
study. To learn and remember something one doesn't know.
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N3変更へんこう
To change something that had been decided. Example: 「予定を変更する」 (to change a plan). While 「変化」 includes natural change, 「変更」 refers to a change made intentionally by a person.
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N3弁護士べんごし
lawyer. A legal expert who helps resolve disputes and assists in court trials.
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N5弁当べんとう
A meal packed in a box, etc., to be eaten away from home. A polite form of 「弁当」.
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N5便利べんり
convenient. Easy to use, being helpful. The antonym is 「不便」 (inconvenient).
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N2, N3方向ほうこう
direction. Which way something faces. Example: 「駅の方向」 (the direction of the station). Also used to mean the course/policy of something, as in 「話の方向が変わる」 (the direction of the conversation changes).
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N5帽子ぼうし
hat. Something worn on the head.
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N3包丁ほうちょう
A knife used for cooking. Example: 「包丁で野菜を切る」 (to cut vegetables with a kitchen knife).
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N3豊富ほうふ
abundant. A state of having a lot, being plentiful. Example: 「経験が豊富だ」 (to have abundant experience), 「豊富な品ぞろえ」 (a wide selection of goods).
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N3訪問ほうもん
visit. To visit a person's home or a place. Example: 「家庭訪問」 (a home visit).
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N5ほかほか
Something different from that. Example: 「ほかの人」 (a different person). The kanji 「他」 is also used, but usually written in hiragana.
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N3保険ほけん
insurance. A system in which people contribute money in preparation for illness or accidents, and receive payment when in trouble. Example: 「保険に入る」 (to take out insurance).
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N3募集ぼしゅう
To widely gather people or works. Example: 「アルバイトを募集する」 (to recruit part-time workers).
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N3干すほす
To expose something to sunlight or wind to remove moisture. Example: 「洗濯物を干す」 (to hang out laundry to dry).
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N5細いほそい
A state where the width of a round thing is small. The antonym is 「太い」 (thick).
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N3保存ほぞん
To keep something in its current state. Example: 「食品を保存する」 (to preserve food). Also used for computer data, as in 「ファイルを保存する」 (to save a file).
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N3ほっとほっと
A state of feeling relieved as tension eases. Example: 「無事と聞いてほっとした」 (felt relieved to hear they were safe).
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N3歩道ほどう
sidewalk. A path for pedestrians to walk on. Example: 「横断歩道」 (crosswalk). The word with the opposite meaning is 「車道」 (the roadway for vehicles).
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N3骨ほね
bone. The hard part that supports the body. 「骨が折れる」 means "to break a bone" (injury), but also idiomatically means something is a lot of trouble.
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N3掘るほる
dig. To make a hole in the ground. To take something out from inside the earth. Example: 「穴を掘る」 (to dig a hole), 「いもを掘る」 (to dig up potatoes).
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N4, N5本ほん
book. Something with letters or pictures on it, made to be read. It is also used as a word for counting long, thin things such as pencils and bottles. いっぽん・にほん・さんぼん・よんほん・ごほん・ろっぽん・ななほん・はっぽん・きゅうほん・じゅっぽん, and 「なんぼん」. For 1, 6, 8 and 10 it becomes 「ぽん」, and for 3 and 「なん」 it becomes 「ぼん」.
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N3本気ほんき
A serious attitude, not a joke. Example: 「本気で怒る」 (to get seriously angry).
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N5本棚ほんだな
A shelf for storing books.
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N5本当ほんとう
Being true, not a lie. Example: 「本当ですか」 (is that true?).
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N3本人ほんにん
The person themselves. Example: 「本人に確認する」 (to confirm with the person themselves).
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N3本物ほんもの
The real thing, not a fake. Example: 「本物のダイヤ」 (a real diamond). The antonym is 「にせ物」 (a fake).
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N2, N3ぼんやりぼんやり
A state in which the shape of something, a memory, or the like is not clear. 「遠くの山がぼんやり見える」 (the distant mountains look hazy). It also describes a state of thinking about nothing, with one's attention directed nowhere in particular. 「授業中にぼんやりする」 (to space out during class), 「ぼんやりしていて駅を乗り過ごした」 (I was spacing out and missed my station).
This word has different meanings and uses at each level
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