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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,238words (N1–N5 total)
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Filtered by N3・N5
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N3
幸福
こうふく
happiness. Being fulfilled and happy. Example: 「幸福な家庭」 (a happy family). A more formal word than 「幸せ」. The antonym is 「不幸」 (unhappiness).
AI-generated translation
N3
興奮
こうふん
A state in which one's feelings are heightened and the heart cannot settle down.
AI-generated translation
N3
効率
こうりつ
The ratio of results achieved relative to the time or effort spent. 「効率がいい」 means little is wasted.
AI-generated translation
N5
声
こえ
voice. A sound made from the mouth by a person or animal. Example: 「大きな声で話す」 (to speak in a loud voice).
AI-generated translation
N3
越える
こえる
To go over to the other side of a mountain, river, border, etc. Example: 「国境を越える」 (to cross a border), 「峠を越える」 (to go over a mountain pass). The homophone 「超える」 refers to a quantity or limit being exceeded, as in 「1万人を超える」 (to exceed 10,000 people), and is written differently.
AI-generated translation
N3
凍る
こおる
freeze. For water, etc., to cool and solidify. Example: 「湖が凍る」 (a lake freezes), 「道路が凍る」 (a road freezes over).
AI-generated translation
N3
誤解
ごかい
misunderstanding. To mistakenly take in the meaning or feeling of something. Example: 「誤解を招く」 (to invite misunderstanding), 「誤解を解く」 (to clear up a misunderstanding).
AI-generated translation
N3
語学
ごがく
To study a foreign language. Example: 「語学が得意だ」 (good at languages), 「語学学校」 (a language school).
AI-generated translation
N5
五月
ごがつ
The 5th month of the year.
AI-generated translation
N3
呼吸
こきゅう
breathing. To breathe in and out. Example: 「深く呼吸する」 (to breathe deeply). Also used to mean being in sync with someone, as in 「呼吸が合う」 (to be in rhythm with each other).
AI-generated translation
N3
国籍
こくせき
nationality. The status of which country a person is a citizen of. Example: 「日本国籍」 (Japanese nationality), 「国籍を取得する」 (to acquire nationality).
AI-generated translation
N3
国立
こくりつ
Being built with the nation's money and run by the nation. It is most often attached to the name of a facility, as in 「国立大学」 (a national university), 「国立公園」 (a national park), 「国立博物館」 (a national museum), 「国立図書館」 (a national library), 「国立競技場」 (a national stadium). It is also used alone, as in 「この大学は国立だ」. Used in contrast with 「私立」 (private), 「県立」 (prefectural), and 「市立」 (municipal).
AI-generated translation
N3
焦げる
こげる
burn. To become blackened from being overcooked. Example: 「パンが焦げる」 (bread burns), 「焦げたにおい」 (a burnt smell). Something turning black on its own is 「焦げる」, while a person making it turn black by overcooking it is 「焦がす」; they are used as in 「ごはんが焦げる」 versus 「ごはんを焦がす」.
AI-generated translation
N5
ここ
ここ
A word referring to a place close to the speaker.
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N5
午後
ごご
afternoon. The time from noon until night. The antonym is 「午前」 (morning/before noon).
AI-generated translation
N3
凍える
こごえる
For the body to lose sensation from cold. Example: 「手が凍える」 (one's hands go numb from cold), 「凍えるような寒さ」 (bone-chilling cold).
AI-generated translation
N5
九日
ここのか
The 9th day of the month. Also, a period of 9 days. Read as "ここのか."
AI-generated translation
N5
九つ
ここのつ
nine. The number 9 when counting things.
AI-generated translation
N3
試み
こころみ
attempt. To try doing something. Example: 「新しい試み」 (a new attempt/initiative). The verb form is 「試みる」.
AI-generated translation
N3
腰
こし
waist. The bendable part of the body below the back. Example: 「腰が痛い」 (one's lower back hurts). There are also the expressions 「腰が低い」 (having a humble/polite manner) and 「腰を下ろす」 (to sit down).
AI-generated translation
N3
個人
こじん
individual. Each single person, as opposed to a group. Example: 「個人の意見」 (an individual's opinion), 「個人的な問題」 (a personal matter), 「個人情報」 (personal information).
AI-generated translation
N3
越す
こす
To pass a place or time and go to the other side. Example: 「年を越す」 (to see out the year/into the new year), 「冬を越す」 (to get through the winter), 「引っ越す」 (to move house). In the form 「お越しください」, it also serves as an honorific way of saying 「来る」 (to come).
AI-generated translation
N5
午前
ごぜん
The time from morning until noon. The antonym is 「午後」 (afternoon).
AI-generated translation
N5
答える
こたえる
answer. To respond to a question or problem with words or a sentence. Example: 「質問に答える」 (to answer a question).
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N5
こちら
こちら
A polite way of saying 「ここ」. Also used to refer to a person, as in 「こちらは田中さんです」.
AI-generated translation
N3
国家
こっか
nation. A country. A unified entity that has territory, people, and a government. Example: 「国家試験」 (a national examination). More formal than 「国」, used when discussing politics and law.
AI-generated translation
N3
国会
こっかい
The most important assembly, which decides a nation's laws and budget. Example: 「国会議員」 (a member of parliament), 「国会で審議する」 (to deliberate in the National Diet).
AI-generated translation
N5
こっち
こっち
A casual way of saying 「こちら」. Used in spoken language.
AI-generated translation
N3
固定
こてい
To firmly fix something in one place or state so it does not move. Example: 「固定給」 (a fixed salary).
AI-generated translation
N5
事
こと
A word referring to a matter, or the content of a talk. Example: 「話す事」 (something to talk about), 「大事な事」 (an important matter). Very often written in hiragana as 「こと」.
AI-generated translation
N5
今年
ことし
This year. Read as 「ことし」, not read according to the characters as written.
AI-generated translation
N5
言葉
ことば
Something people use to convey feelings or thoughts through speaking or writing. Also used to mean a specific language, as in 「国のことば」 (the language of a country), such as Japanese or English.
AI-generated translation
N3, N5
子供
こども
child. A young person. The opposite of an adult. Also used to mean one's own son or daughter. Often written as 「子ども」.
AI-generated translation
N5
この
この
A word referring to something close to the speaker. Used before a noun, as in 「この本」 (this book).
AI-generated translation
N3
好む
このむ
To like something and choose it oneself. A slightly more formal way of saying 「好き」 (to like).
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N5
御飯
ごはん
Cooked rice. Also used to mean a meal, as in 「朝御飯」 (breakfast), 「御飯を食べる」 (to eat a meal). Usually written 「ご飯」 or 「ごはん」.
AI-generated translation
N3
こぼす
こぼす
It refers to inadvertently letting liquid or powder out. It also means to let out one's dissatisfaction or complaints. Used in expressions like 「水をこぼす」 or 「愚痴をこぼす」, it expresses the act of unintentionally letting something out.
AI-generated translation
N3
ごまかす
ごまかす
It refers to concealing by means of lies or makeshift measures, hiding the truth. Used in expressions like 「年齢をごまかす」 or 「答えをごまかす」, it is a verb that critically expresses the act of deceiving others.
AI-generated translation
N5
困る
こまる
To not know what to do because of something unpleasant or difficult. Example: 「お金がなくて困る」 (troubled by not having money).
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N5
これ
これ
A word referring to something close to the speaker. Example: 「これは何ですか」 (what is this?).
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N5
今月
こんげつ
This month.
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N5
今週
こんしゅう
This week.
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N5
こんな
こんな
Like this. Example: 「こんな大きい犬は初めて見た」 (I've never seen such a big dog). Often used in spoken language.
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N5
今晩
こんばん
This evening; tonight. Tonight's evening. 「こんや（今夜）」also means the same.
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N5
さあ
さあ
A word said when starting something, or when inviting someone. Example: 「さあ、行きましょう」 (well, let's go).
AI-generated translation
N3
栽培
さいばい
To plant and grow plants. Used for growing crops or plants by human hand, as in 「野菜を栽培する」 (to grow vegetables), 「促成栽培」 (forced/accelerated cultivation).
AI-generated translation
N5
財布
さいふ
wallet. Something for carrying money.
AI-generated translation
N3
境
さかい
border. The dividing line between one thing and another, or one place and another. Example: 「県の境」 (a prefectural border), 「生死の境」 (the boundary between life and death). There is also the expression 「これを境に」 (taking this event as a turning point).
AI-generated translation
N5
魚
さかな
fish. An animal that lives in water. Also used to mean fish as food.
AI-generated translation
N3, N5
先
さき
Ahead of oneself; earlier in time. Example: 「この先」 (from here on), 「先に行く」 (to go ahead).
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.