The combined structures and equipment built for a specific purpose. Used in forms like 「福祉施設」「公共施設」.
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N4時代じだい
era. A period within history. Example: 「江戸時代」 (the Edo period). Also used to mean the present time, as in 「今の時代」 (the present day).
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N2, N3従うしたがう
obey. To act according to what someone says or a rule. Example: 「指示に従う」 (to follow instructions), 「規則に従う」 (to obey the rules). Also used to mean going along something, as in 「川に従って歩く」 (to walk along a river).
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N4下着したぎ
underwear. Clothing worn close to the skin, under one's outer clothes.
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N3支度したく
Preparation for doing something. Example: 「しょくじの支度」 (preparing a meal).
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N4しっかりしっかり
A strong, reliable manner. Example: 「しっかりつかまる」 (to hold on tight). Also used to mean being serious and proper.
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N4失敗しっぱい
failure. For something one tried to do to not go well.
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N4辞典じてん
dictionary. A book explaining the meanings of words.
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N4品物しなもの
Something that is sold or bought. Merchandise.
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N3支払うしはらう
pay. To hand over money as payment for goods or services. Example: 「料金を支払う」 (to pay a fee). A more formal way of saying 「払う」, used in business and documents. The noun form is 「支払い」.
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N4しばらくしばらく
A short while. Example: 「しばらくお待ちください」 (please wait a moment). Also used to mean a long time, as in 「しばらく会っていない」 (haven't met in a while).
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N3死亡しぼう
For a person to die. Example: 「事故で死亡する」 (to die in an accident), 「死亡者」 (a deceased person). A formal way of saying 「死ぬ」, used in news and documents.
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N4島しま
island. Land surrounded by sea.
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N3姉妹しまい
sisters. Older and younger sisters. Example: 「三人姉妹」 (three sisters). Also used to mean two things bound by a deep relationship, as in 「姉妹都市」 (sister city), 「姉妹校」 (sister school). For brothers, 「兄弟」 is used.
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N4市民しみん
A person who lives in that city.
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N4事務所じむしょ
A building or room where office work is done.
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N3示すしめす
indicate. To show or point at something so the other person understands. Example: 「地図で道を示す」 (to show the way on a map), 「例を示す」 (to give an example), 「関心を示す」 (to show interest).
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N3占めるしめる
occupy. To hold a certain place or proportion for oneself. Example: 「過半数を占める」 (to hold a majority), 「大きな部分を占める」 (to occupy a large portion).
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N3霜しも
frost. Fine ice that forms on the ground or the surface of things during a cold night. Example: 「霜が降りる」 (frost forms).
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N4社会しゃかい
society. The world in which people gather and live together.
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N4社長しゃちょう
The highest-ranking person at a company.
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N3借金しゃっきん
debt. To borrow money. Money that has been borrowed. Example: 「借金を返す」 (to pay back a debt), 「借金がある」 (to have debt).
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N3邪魔じゃま
A presence or act that hinders things from proceeding smoothly. Used in forms like 「邪魔をする」「邪魔にならない」. When visiting someone's home, the form 「お邪魔する」 is used, as in 「お邪魔します」「明日お邪魔してもいいですか」. This is a greeting that humbly expresses a visit, phrased as receiving the other person's time and space; it does not actually mean causing trouble.
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N4自由じゆう
freedom. Being able to do as one thinks. Not being stopped by anyone.
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N2, N3収穫しゅうかく
harvest. To gather in crops that have been grown. Example: 「米の収穫」 (a rice harvest). Also used to mean a good result gained from an activity, as in 「今日の会議は収穫が多かった」 (today's meeting was very productive).
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N4習慣しゅうかん
habit. Something one has continued doing for a long time, which has become routine. Example: 「早くねる習慣がある」 (to have the habit of going to bed early). It also refers to a way of doing things that has continued since long ago among the people of a country or a region. Example: 「日本の習慣」 (Japanese customs).
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N3宗教しゅうきょう
religion. The spiritual practice of believing in gods or buddhas and following their teachings. Example: 「宗教を信じる」 (to believe in a religion), 「宗教団体」 (a religious organization).
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N4住所じゅうしょ
address. The place where one lives.
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N3就職しゅうしょく
To enter a company, etc., and start working. Example: 「銀行に就職する」 (to get a job at a bank), 「就職活動」 (job hunting). The antonym is 「退職」 (retiring/resigning).
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N3修正しゅうせい
correction. To fix a bad point or mistake. Example: 「文章を修正する」 (to revise a piece of writing), 「軌道修正」 (course correction).
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N3渋滞じゅうたい
For cars, etc., to get backed up so the flow stops moving smoothly.
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N4柔道じゅうどう
judo. A Japanese martial art in which one throws or pins an opponent.
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N4十分じゅうぶん
enough. A state of having as much as one wants, with nothing lacking. Example:「時間は十分ある」(there is plenty of time). The homophone「充分（じゅうぶん）」is used with the same meaning.
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N3重力じゅうりょく
The force by which the earth pulls objects toward its center. A term learned in science class.
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N4主人しゅじん
The head of a household, shop, or the like. It refers to the person at the top of that house or shop. In the past, it meant the most senior person in the house (often the father). It is also used as a polite way to refer to someone else's husband.
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N3主題しゅだい
The central idea of a story or work. A theme. The homophone-starting word 「首都」 (capital city) is a different word.
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N3出血しゅっけつ
(1) For blood to come out. Example: 「出血を止める」 (to stop the bleeding). (2) To lower a price at the cost of taking a loss. Example: 「出血大サービス」 (a big loss-leader sale).
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N3首都しゅと
The town that is the center of a country. The town where a country's government is located. The similarly-starting word 「主題」 (theme) is a different word.
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N4趣味しゅみ
hobby. Something one does in one's free time out of liking it.
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N4紹介しょうかい
introduction. To tell someone who doesn't know a person or thing about them. Example: 「じこ紹介」 (self-introduction).
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N4正月しょうがつ
The special time at the start of the year. January.
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N4小学校しょうがっこう
elementary school. A school attended for 6 years starting at age 6.
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N4小説しょうせつ
novel. A storybook created by a writer.
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N3状態じょうたい
condition. The state of a person or matter at a given time. Example: 「健康状態」 (health condition), 「よい状態を保つ」 (to maintain a good condition).
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N4招待しょうたい
invitation. To invite someone to a party or meal, etc.
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N4承知しょうち
To understand and accept something. Close in meaning to 「かしこまりました」, also used toward superiors. Example: 「承知しました」 (understood/certainly).
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N4将来しょうらい
future. Time yet to come. Example: 「将来のゆめ」 (a future dream).
This word has different meanings and uses at each level
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