fee. Money paid for a service or the use of something. Example: 「電車の料金」 (train fare), 「電気料金」 (electricity fee).
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N5両親りょうしん
One's father and mother.
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N4両方りょうほう
Both of two things. Not just one side, but a word that refers to both of them.
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N5料理りょうり
cooking. To make food. Also, the completed food itself.
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N5旅行りょこう
travel. To go to another place and enjoy oneself.
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N4留守るす
Not being at home, or being away from home.
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N3留守番るすばん
To stay at home and watch over it while others are out; also the person doing so. Example: 「子どもだけで留守番をする」 (children staying home alone). A machine that records messages from incoming calls is called 「留守番電話」 (answering machine).
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N2, N3例れい
example. A specific thing of the same kind shown to explain something. Example: 「例を挙げる」 (to give an example). Also used in the phrase 「例の話」 to refer to a matter that both parties already know about.
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N5冷蔵庫れいぞうこ
refrigerator. A device that keeps food cold so it doesn't spoil easily.
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N3冷凍れいとう
To freeze food, etc., for preservation. Example: 「冷凍食品」 (frozen food). The antonym is 「解凍」 (thawing).
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N4冷房れいぼう
To cool a room, and the machine for it. The antonym is「暖房（だんぼう）」(heating).
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N4歴史れきし
The flow of events from long ago to now.
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N3列れつ
A line formed by people or things arranged in a row. Example: 「列に並ぶ」 (to line up).
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N3列車れっしゃ
A connected series of railway carriages. Example: 「夜行列車」 (a night train). In daily conversation, 「電車」 is more commonly used; 「列車」 is a somewhat more formal term.
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N3恋愛れんあい
To feel love and affection for someone. Example: 「恋愛小説」 (a romance novel).
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N5練習れんしゅう
practice. To do something repeatedly in order to become skilled at it.
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N3連続れんぞく
The same thing continuing to happen repeatedly. Example: 「3日連続で雨だ」 (rain for three days in a row), 「連続ドラマ」 (a serial drama).
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N4連絡れんらく
To inform someone by phone, letter, etc.
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N3老人ろうじん
A person who has grown old. Example: 「老人ホーム」 (a nursing home). The expressions 「お年寄り」 and 「高齢者」 are also commonly used.
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N3録音ろくおん
To record sound using a device. Example: 「会議を録音する」 (to record a meeting). For video, the term 「録画」 is used instead.
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N5六月ろくがつ
The 6th month of the year.
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N3輪わ
A round shape. Something circular. Example: 「輪になって座る」 (to sit in a circle), 「輪ゴム」 (rubber band).
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N2, N5若いわかい
young. Having few years.
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N4沸かすわかす
To make water, etc., hot. Example:「お湯を沸かす」(to boil water). The paired word is「沸く（わく）」(to boil).
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N3若者わかもの
A young person. Example: 「若者に人気の店」 (a shop popular with young people).
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N3, N5分かるわかる
understand. For meaning or content to enter one's mind.
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N3分かれるわかれる
For one thing to become two or more. Example: 「道が二つに分かれる」 (the road splits into two), 「意見が分かれる」 (opinions differ). 「分かれる」 is used when something splits on its own, while 「分ける」 is used when a person divides it: compare 「道が二つに分かれる」 with 「道を二つに分ける」. Note: when it means parting with a person, it is written 「別れる」.
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N4別れるわかれる
To part from a person one was with.
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N4沸くわく
For water, etc., to become hot. Example:「お湯が沸く」(water boils). The paired word is「沸かす（わかす）」(to boil).
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N4訳わけ
The reason why something turned out as it did. Used as in 『会社をやめたわけを話す』 ("to tell the reason one left the company"). In the meaning of "reason," it is usually written in kana as 『わけ』. When the same character is read 『やく』, it becomes a separate word meaning to render words into another country's language (such as interpreting).
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N2, N3分けるわける
To make one thing into two or more. Example: 「ケーキを半分に分ける」 (to divide a cake in half). Also used to mean distinguishing something, as in 「勝ち負けを分ける」 (to decide the outcome of a match). 「分ける」 is used when a person divides something, while 「分かれる」 is used when it splits on its own: compare 「道を二つに分ける」 with 「道が二つに分かれる」.
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N4忘れ物わすれもの
A thing left behind by mistake.
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N2, N5忘れるわすれる
forget. For something one remembered to leave one's mind. The antonym is 「覚える」 (to remember).
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N3話題わだい
topic. The subject matter of a conversation. Example: 「話題を変える」 (to change the topic). Also used broadly to mean something that is a hot topic in society, as in 「話題の映画」 (a movie that's the talk of the town).
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N5私わたし
I. A word referring to the person speaking.
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N2, N5渡すわたす
hand over. To move something from oneself to the other person.
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N2, N5渡るわたる
cross. To move from this side to the other side, such as of a road or river.
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N4笑うわらう
To express happiness or amusement through one's voice or face. The antonym is「泣く（なく）」(to cry).
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N4割合わりあい
The proportion that a part occupies within the whole. Used as in 「三人に一人の割合で車をもっている」 (one in three people owns a car), 「男女の割合」 (the ratio of men to women). Adding 「に」 gives 「割合に」, which no longer refers to a ratio but means "more ... than expected," as in 「割合にやさしい問題だった」 (it was an easier question than expected). In spoken Japanese, however, 「割と」 is used far more often.
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N3割引わりびき
discount. Making something cheaper than its set price. Example: 「学生割引」 (student discount).
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N2, N3割るわる
To apply force to something to break it and divide it into pieces. Example: 「皿を割る」 (to break a plate). Also used to mean dividing a number equally, as in 「6を2で割る」 (to divide 6 by 2), or to mean falling below a standard, as in 「1万円を割る」 (to fall below 10,000 yen). 「割る」 is used when a person breaks something, while 「割れる」 is used when it breaks on its own: compare 「皿を割る」 with 「皿が割れる」.
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N4, N5悪いわるい
bad. Not being good. The antonym is 「良い」 (good).
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N3悪口わるくち
Words that speak badly of a person or thing. Example: 「悪口を言う」 (to badmouth someone). Also read as 「わるぐち」.
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N1, N2, N4割れるわれる
For a hard object to be broken and separated by force. Example: 「ガラスが割れる」 (glass shatters).
This word has different meanings and uses at each level
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