The town that is the center of a country. The town where a country's government is located. The similarly-starting word 「主題」 (theme) is a different word.
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N4趣味しゅみ
hobby. Something one does in one's free time out of liking it.
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N4紹介しょうかい
introduction. To tell someone who doesn't know a person or thing about them. Example: 「じこ紹介」 (self-introduction).
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N4正月しょうがつ
The special time at the start of the year. January.
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N4小学校しょうがっこう
elementary school. A school attended for 6 years starting at age 6.
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N5上手じょうず
skillful. Being able to do something well. The antonym is 「下手」 (unskillful). Read as 「うわて」, it means being superior to someone in strength or skill. Read as 「かみて」, it means the right side of a stage.
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N4小説しょうせつ
novel. A storybook created by a writer.
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N3状態じょうたい
condition. The state of a person or matter at a given time. Example: 「健康状態」 (health condition), 「よい状態を保つ」 (to maintain a good condition).
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N4招待しょうたい
invitation. To invite someone to a party or meal, etc.
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N4承知しょうち
To understand and accept something. Close in meaning to 「かしこまりました」, also used toward superiors. Example: 「承知しました」 (understood/certainly).
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N5丈夫じょうぶ
Not easily broken. Also used to mean the body being strong and not prone to illness. Example: 「丈夫なかばん」 (a sturdy bag).
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N5醤油しょうゆ
soy sauce. A dark brown seasoning made from soybeans.
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N4将来しょうらい
future. Time yet to come. Example: 「将来のゆめ」 (a future dream).
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N4食事しょくじ
meal. Eating breakfast, lunch, dinner, etc.
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N4食堂しょくどう
A shop or room for eating meals.
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N4食料品しょくりょうひん
Food products. Example: 「食料品店」 (a grocery store).
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N4女性じょせい
woman. A polite way of referring to a female person.
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N4知らせるしらせる
To convey something to a person, letting them know. Example: 「けっかを知らせる」 (to inform of the result).
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N4調べるしらべる
To check something one doesn't know, by looking it up in a book or on the internet, etc.
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N5知るしる
know. To have something in one's mind about a matter. Example: 「答えを知る」 (to know the answer).
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N5白しろ
white. A color like snow.
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N5白いしろい
white. Being the color white. Example: 「白いシャツ」 (a white shirt).
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N2, N4人口じんこう
population. The number of people living in a certain country or town.
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N3真実しんじつ
The truth, with no lies in it.
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N4神社じんじゃ
shrine. A Japanese building where a deity is enshrined.
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N4親切しんせつ
kind. To do something for another person's benefit, wholeheartedly.
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N3新鮮しんせん
Fish or vegetables being fresh. Also used to mean something novel and lively, as in 「新鮮な驚き」 (a fresh surprise).
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N3慎重しんちょう
The state of being careful and not acting rashly. Used in forms like 「慎重に検討する」「慎重な判断」, expressing the careful handling of matters to avoid failure.
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N4心配しんぱい
A feeling of unease from thinking something might not go well. Example: 「けんこうが心配だ」 (worried about one's health).
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N5新聞しんぶん
newspaper. Paper containing the day's news.
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N4新聞社しんぶんしゃ
A company that produces and publishes newspapers.
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N3図ず
diagram. Something that shows the structure or relationships of things clearly using lines or drawings. Example: 「図で説明する」 (to explain with a diagram).
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N4水泳すいえい
swimming. To swim, and the sport of doing so.
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N4水道すいどう
The facility that brings water to homes. Water coming out of a faucet.
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N5水曜日すいようび
Wednesday. A day of the week. The day after Tuesday.
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N5吸うすう
Inhale; smoke. Taking breath or cigarette smoke into the body through the mouth or nose. 「たばこを吸う」(smoke a cigarette).
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N4数学すうがく
mathematics. The subject in which one studies numbers and calculation.
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N3数字すうじ
numeral. A character used to represent a number. 1, 2, 3, etc. Also used to mean things related to calculation or statistics, as in 「数字に強い」 (good with numbers).
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N3姿すがた
The overall visible form or appearance of a person or thing. Example: 「後ろ姿」 (a view from behind). Also used to mean being present somewhere, as in 「姿を消す」 (to disappear).
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N5好きすき
like. A feeling of liking something. The antonym is 「嫌い」 (dislike).
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N4過ぎるすぎる
To pass a time or place. Example: 「えきを過ぎる」 (to pass a station). Also used to mean an excessive degree, as in 「食べ過ぎる」 (to eat too much).
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N3空くすく
to become less crowded, to get hungry. For the people or things inside to decrease so that space opens up. It is used for a decrease in people, as in "電車が空く" (the train becomes less crowded), and also for becoming hungry as food in the stomach decreases, as in "おなかが空く". The same "空く" read as "あく" becomes a different word meaning that a seat or room becomes empty.
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N4, N5すぐすぐ
immediately. A state of something happening without delay. Example: 「すぐ来ます」 (I'll come right away).
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N4少ないすくない
A state where a number or amount is small. The antonym is 「多い」 (many).
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N4凄いすごい
A state where the degree of something is very great. Used both positively and negatively. Example: 「凄いあめ」 (tremendous rain).
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N5少しすこし
a little. A state where an amount or number is small. The antonym is 「たくさん」 (a lot).
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N3過ごすすごす
To spend time living. Example: 「休日を家で過ごす」 (to spend a holiday at home). A person using time is 「過ごす」, while time passing by on its own is 「過ぎる」; they are used as in 「休日を過ごす」 versus 「休日が過ぎる」.
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N5涼しいすずしい
A pleasantly cool feeling. Used for weather and air. Example: 「涼しい風」 (a cool breeze).
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N4進むすすむ
To move forward. Also used to mean study or work progressing.
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N3勧めるすすめる
recommend. To tell someone that it would be good to do something. Example: 「入会を勧める」 (to recommend joining). When recommending a person or a book, it can also be written 「薦める」. Note the distinction from the homophone 「進める」 (to move forward).
This word has different meanings and uses at each level
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