To be at the center of a group of people and lead and run a meeting or organization; also, the person who does this. 「劇団を主宰する」.
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N2趣旨しゅし
The central meaning or purpose that a speech, text, or event seeks to convey. Used in forms like 「趣旨を説明する」「会の趣旨」.
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N4主人しゅじん
The head of a household, shop, or the like. It refers to the person at the top of that house or shop. In the past, it meant the most senior person in the house (often the father). It is also used as a polite way to refer to someone else's husband.
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N2種族しゅぞく
A group of living things or people who share the same origin and characteristics.
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N2主体しゅたい
(1) The central party responsible for an action or decision. 「住民が主体となる」. (2) The central part of an organization or matter.
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N2出現しゅつげん
Something that did not exist until now appearing.
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N2出世しゅっせ
To rise to a high social position and become successful.
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N2出費しゅっぴ
To pay money for something; also, the expense itself. 「出費がかさむ」.
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N4趣味しゅみ
hobby. Something one does in one's free time out of liking it.
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N2寿命じゅみょう
(1) The length of time a life lasts. 「寿命がのびる」. (2) The period during which something can be used. 「電池の寿命」.
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N2樹木じゅもく
A tree growing in the ground; a standing tree.
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N2樹立じゅりつ
To newly establish a record, system, or the like. 「記録を樹立する」.
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N2循環じゅんかん
The act of passing through a fixed route and repeatedly returning to the starting point. Used in forms like 「血液の循環」「資金の循環」.
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N4紹介しょうかい
introduction. To tell someone who doesn't know a person or thing about them. Example: 「じこ紹介」 (self-introduction).
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N4正月しょうがつ
The special time at the start of the year. January.
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N4小学校しょうがっこう
elementary school. A school attended for 6 years starting at age 6.
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N4小説しょうせつ
novel. A storybook created by a writer.
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N4招待しょうたい
invitation. To invite someone to a party or meal, etc.
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N4承知しょうち
To understand and accept something. Close in meaning to 「かしこまりました」, also used toward superiors. Example: 「承知しました」 (understood/certainly).
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N2焦点しょうてん
Originally refers to the point where light converges, as through a magnifying glass. By extension, it also refers to the central point where interest or attention concentrates most. Used as in 「議論の焦点」(the focus of a discussion) or 「焦点を絞る」(to narrow down the focus).
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N4将来しょうらい
future. Time yet to come. Example: 「将来のゆめ」 (a future dream).
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N2奨励しょうれい
The act of regarding a behavior as good and actively encouraging others to do it. Often used in contexts where governments or organizations promote it as a policy, in forms like 「読書を奨励する」「貯蓄奨励」.
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N2所感しょかん
An impression or opinion held about a certain matter. Used when delivering remarks in formal settings. Used in forms like 「所感を述べる」「新年の所感」.
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N2除去じょきょ
To remove something that is in the way or harmful.
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N4食事しょくじ
meal. Eating breakfast, lunch, dinner, etc.
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N4食堂しょくどう
A shop or room for eating meals.
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N4食料品しょくりょうひん
Food products. Example: 「食料品店」 (a grocery store).
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N2徐行じょこう
A vehicle or the like moving so slowly that it can stop immediately.
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N2所在しょざい
The place where a person or thing exists. It can also indicate where responsibility lies. Used as in 「所在を明らかにする」(to make clear where something is) or 「責任の所在」(the locus of responsibility).
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N2所持しょじ
To have something as one's own, including both physical possession and ownership. Used for "carrying on one's person" (as in 「免許証を所持する」 - to carry a license) as well as "owning/holding" (as in 「別荘を所持する」 - to own a villa). Used in formal contexts regarding documents, money, objects, rights, or assets.
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N4女性じょせい
woman. A polite way of referring to a female person.
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N2女装じょそう
A man dressing and appearing as a woman. A woman dressing and appearing as a man is called 「男装」.
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N4知らせるしらせる
To convey something to a person, letting them know. Example: 「けっかを知らせる」 (to inform of the result).
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N4調べるしらべる
To check something one doesn't know, by looking it up in a book or on the internet, etc.
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N2自立じりつ
To live or do things by one's own effort, without relying on others.
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N2侵害しんがい
The act of unjustly intruding upon another's rights or domain and causing harm. Used in forms like 「権利を侵害する」「プライバシーの侵害」.
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N2, N4人口じんこう
population. The number of people living in a certain country or town.
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N2審査しんさ
To examine an entry or a qualification in detail and decide whether it passes or fails, or how it ranks.
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N2信者しんじゃ
A person who believes in a particular religion or teaching.
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N4神社じんじゃ
shrine. A Japanese building where a deity is enshrined.
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N2真珠しんじゅ
A round, beautiful gem formed inside a shellfish. Used as a jewel.
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N2進出しんしゅつ
To extend one's influence and advance into a new field or place. 「海外に進出する」「決勝に進出する」.
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N2信条しんじょう
A belief or principle of action that one firmly holds and is determined to uphold. Used in forms like 「信条とする」「政治信条」, expressing the conviction at the core of one's way of life.
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N2浸水しんすい
A house or piece of land being submerged in water due to flooding or the like.
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N4親切しんせつ
kind. To do something for another person's benefit, wholeheartedly.
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N2親善しんぜん
The maintenance of friendly and good relationships between nations, organizations, or people. Used in forms like 「親善試合」「親善大使」 in contexts of exchange or friendship.
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N2深層しんそう
The deep part of something that does not appear on the surface. 「心の深層」. The paired opposite word is 「表層」.
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N2真相しんそう
The true state of affairs hidden behind what appears on the surface. Used in situations of uncovering hidden facts, as in 「真相を究明する」.
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N2迅速じんそく
A response or movement being very quick. The paired opposite word is 「緩慢」.
This word has different meanings and uses at each level
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