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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,256words (N1–N5 total)
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Filtered by N2・N3
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N3
大家
おおや
landlord. The owner of a rental house or apartment. Example: 「大家さんに家賃を払う」 (to pay rent to the landlord). The side that rents the property out is the 「大家」, while the side that rents it and lives there is the 「店子」 or 「借り主」 (tenant). The same 「大家」 read as 「たいか」 is a different word referring to a person who is outstanding in a particular field.
AI-generated translation
N3, N4
おかげ
おかげ
When someone's help or a good influence becomes the source of a good result. It is almost always used in the form 「〜のおかげで」, and 「おかげ」 is rarely used on its own. Example:「先生のおかげで、ごうかくしました」(thanks to my teacher, I passed). In greetings, the set form 「おかげさまで」 is used to thank someone who has been concerned about you. For a bad result 「せい」 is used instead, but 「おかげ」 is sometimes used on purpose for a bad result, to blame someone sarcastically. It is written 「お陰」 in kanji, but hiragana is normal.
AI-generated translation
N2, N4
おかしい
おかしい
A state that makes one want to laugh. Also used to mean something unusual and strange. Example: 「あじがおかしい」 (the taste is off).
AI-generated translation
N2
侵す
おかす
To wrongfully intrude on another person's territory or rights and cause harm. Although read the same way, 「冒す」 is used for facing danger and 「犯す」 for committing a crime. Note that the kanji changes depending on the meaning.
AI-generated translation
N3
沖
おき
A place far from the shore in the sea or a lake. Example: 「沖に船が見える」 (a ship can be seen offshore), 「沖に出て魚をとる」 (to go out to sea to fish).
AI-generated translation
N2
置き去り
おきざり
To leave a person or thing behind at a place and go away. Used in expressions like 「置き去りにされる」 and 「問題を置き去りにする」.
AI-generated translation
N3
奥
おく
A place that is far and deep from the entrance. Example: 「部屋の奥」 (the back of a room), 「山の奥」 (deep in the mountains). There is also the expression 「奥が深い」 (having great depth, not easily mastered).
AI-generated translation
N2
臆病
おくびょう
The nature or state of being easily frightened even by trivial matters. Used as in 「臆病な性格」 or 「臆病風に吹かれる」. A na-adjective, used in the forms 「臆病だ」 or 「臆病な」. The antonym of 「大胆」.
AI-generated translation
N2
お蔵入り
おくらいり
For a plan or work to be shelved without being realized or released. Used in expressions like 「企画がお蔵入りになる」.
AI-generated translation
N3
贈る
おくる
present. To give someone something with feelings of gratitude or celebration. Example: 「花束を贈る」 (to give a bouquet of flowers), 「記念品を贈る」 (to give a commemorative gift). The homophone 「送る」 means to move an object or person, as in 「荷物を送る」 (to send a package), and is written differently.
AI-generated translation
N2
怠る
おこたる
A verb meaning to lazily fail to do what one ought to do. Used in situations of not fulfilling duties one is supposed to carry out, as in「注意を怠る」「義務を怠る」. While「怠ける」(using the same kanji) carries the general meaning of "being lazy to take it easy,"「怠る」is used with the nuance of failing to fulfill an obligation.
AI-generated translation
N2, N3
幼い
おさない
Being young in age. Example: 「幼い子ども」 (a young child). Also used to mean being childish for one's age, as in 「考えが幼い」 (a childish way of thinking).
AI-generated translation
N2
おざなり
おざなり
To deal with something carelessly, just to get by for the moment. Used in expressions like 「おざなりな対応」 and 「おざなりに済ませる」. It is easily confused with 「なおざり」, but the difference is that おざなり means "doing something, but carelessly," while なおざり means "neglecting it entirely."
AI-generated translation
N2
治まる
おさまる
(1) For a country or society to become stable and for order to be maintained. 「世が治まる」. (2) For disorder or agitation to subside. 「怒りが治まる」. 「治める」 is used for the person who acts to calm something, and 「治まる」 for what calms down of its own accord: 「争いを治める」 versus 「争いが治まる」. In the meaning of pain subsiding, it is often written in hiragana as 「おさまる」.
AI-generated translation
N2
治める
おさめる
(1) To manage a country or society well and maintain order. 「国を治める」. (2) To calm disorder or conflict. 「争いを治める」. 「治める」 is used for the person who acts to calm something, and 「治まる」 for what calms down of its own accord: 「争いを治める」 versus 「争いが治まる」.
AI-generated translation
N2
収める
おさめる
To put something neatly where it belongs (棚に収める "put away on a shelf"). From this, also to obtain a good result (成功を収める "achieve success", 利益を収める "make a profit"). Distinguished in writing from the homophones 納める (to pay or deliver money or goods), 治める (to govern, to settle a conflict), and 修める (to master learning or a skill). 「収める」 is used when someone puts something in place, and 「収まる」 when it settles into place by itself: 「棚に収める」 versus 「棚に収まる」.
AI-generated translation
N2
惜しむ
おしむ
To feel regret about losing or giving something up, and to treasure it. Used as in 「別れを惜しむ」. Also used to mean being reluctant to spend or give something, as in 「骨身を惜しまず」.
AI-generated translation
N2
汚染
おせん
The mixing of harmful substances into air, water, or soil so that they are no longer clean. A formal word mainly dealing with environmental issues, used as in 「大気汚染」 or 「放射能汚染」. Can also be used metaphorically for the human heart and society.
AI-generated translation
N2
襲う
おそう
(1) To attack suddenly. 「敵が襲う」. (2) A disaster or emotion striking suddenly. 「台風が町を襲う」「不安が襲う」.
AI-generated translation
N2
お粗末
おそまつ
A state in which the quality or content of something is poor and embarrassing. Used in expressions like 「お粗末な結果」 and 「お粗末な計画」. It is also used by the person who served a meal, as in the humble greeting 「お粗末さまでした」.
AI-generated translation
N3
恐れる
おそれる
fear. To think something is scary. To worry about danger or failure. Example: 「失敗を恐れるな」 (don't fear failure), 「死を恐れる」 (to fear death). The noun form is 「恐れ」, which in expressions like 「雨の恐れがある」 means "worry/possibility."
AI-generated translation
N3
恐ろしい
おそろしい
frightening. Scary. Example: 「恐ろしい事件」 (a frightening incident). Also used to mean an extreme degree of something, as in 「恐ろしく速い」 (frighteningly fast).
AI-generated translation
N3
教わる
おそわる
To be taught something by someone. Example: 「先生に数学を教わる」 (to be taught math by a teacher). The counterpart action to 「教える」 (to teach).
AI-generated translation
N3
お互い
おたがい
each other. Each of two people (or two things) involved in a relationship. Example: 「お互いに助け合う」 (to help each other), 「お互いさま」 (an expression meaning both sides are in the same position, so there's no need to worry about it).
AI-generated translation
N2
穏やか
おだやか
A state of being quiet, settled, and undisturbed. Used broadly as in 「穏やかな天気」 or 「穏やかな人柄」 for weather, the sea, or a person's character. Also used for emotions, attitudes, or the atmosphere of a place.
AI-generated translation
N2
陥る
おちいる
A verb meaning to fall into an undesirable state. Used in situations of entering dangerous or difficult circumstances, as in「窮地に陥る」「混乱に陥る」.
AI-generated translation
N3
落ち込む
おちこむ
For one's spirits to sink and lose energy. Also used when a figure or condition drops, as in 「成績が落ち込む」 (grades decline).
AI-generated translation
N2
おどける
おどける
To deliberately clown around or make comical gestures in order to make people laugh. Used in expressions like 「おどけた表情」 and 「おどけて見せる」.
AI-generated translation
N3
訪れる
おとずれる
To go to a place to visit a person or location. Also used when a season or time arrives, as in 「春が訪れる」 (spring arrives).
AI-generated translation
N3, N5
大人
おとな
adult. A grown person, not a child. Read as 「おとな」.
AI-generated translation
N2
劣る
おとる
A state in which quality or ability is lower compared to others. Used as in 「性能が劣る」 or 「人後に劣らない」. A basic word expressing comparative superiority or inferiority, often appearing in formal contexts.
AI-generated translation
N2
衰える
おとろえる
Vigor or strength gradually weakening. Used in situations where the vitality of a person, organization, or nation declines over time, as in「体力が衰える」「国力が衰える」.
AI-generated translation
N3
帯
おび
A long piece of cloth wrapped around the waist over a kimono. Example: 「帯を締める」 (to tie an obi). The paper wrapped around a book's cover is also called 「帯」 (obi/band).
AI-generated translation
N1, N3
脅かす
おびやかす
To endanger another's position or safety, causing anxiety. Used as in「地位を脅かす」「平和を脅かす」. The same kanji read as「おどかす」becomes a separate word meaning "to startle," whereas「おびやかす」is used with the meaning of jeopardizing an ongoing state such as position or safety.
AI-generated translation
N2, N5
覚える
おぼえる
To take something into one's mind and not forget it. Example: 「ことばを覚える」 (to memorize words). The antonym is 「わすれる」 (to forget).
AI-generated translation
N3
溺れる
おぼれる
drown. To be unable to swim and be on the verge of dying in the water. Example: 「川で溺れる」 (to drown in a river). Also used to mean being absorbed in a bad pleasure, as in 「酒に溺れる」 (to be addicted to alcohol).
AI-generated translation
N3
お目に掛かる
おめにかかる
A humble way of saying 「会う」 (to meet). Example: 「一度お目に掛かりたいのですが」 (I would like to meet you once). Used when meeting someone of higher status.
AI-generated translation
N3, N5
重い
おもい
A state requiring strength to lift. Example: 「重いかばん」 (a heavy bag). The antonym is 「軽い」 (light).
AI-generated translation
N2
思い当たる
おもいあたる
Realizing, with the help of some trigger, a memory or cause that had been vague until then. Used as in 「思い当たる節がある」 or 「そういえば思い当たる」. Carries the nuance of realizing something belatedly.
AI-generated translation
N2
思い切り
おもいきり
A state of not hesitating and putting forth all one's strength or feeling. Used adverbially as in 「思い切り走る」 or 「思い切り笑う」, expressing carrying out an action with full force without restraint. The adverbial usage derived from the conjunctive form is central, with a noun usage meaning "resolve."
AI-generated translation
N2
思い込む
おもいこむ
To deeply believe something and not consider other possibilities. Used as in 「勝手に思い込む」 or 「一方的に思い込む」, mostly in cases where one believes something without verifying whether it is true.
AI-generated translation
N2
思い遣り
おもいやり
A heart that considers others' feelings and circumstances and acts kindly. Used as in 「思い遣りのある人」 or 「思い遣りに欠ける」. A positive word expressing the attitude of putting oneself in the other person's position and showing care.
AI-generated translation
N3〜N5
思う
おもう
To think or feel something in one's mind. Example: 「あしたは雨だと思う」 (I think it will rain tomorrow).
AI-generated translation
N2, N5
面白い
おもしろい
A state of feeling like laughing, or feeling fun. Example: 「面白い話」 (an interesting story). Also used for books or work, meaning "interesting."
AI-generated translation
N2, N4
表
おもて
The side of something that faces forward or can be seen from the outside. The antonym is 「裏」 (the back/reverse side). The same 「表」 read as 「ひょう」 is a different word referring to something in which figures or items are arranged vertically and horizontally.
AI-generated translation
N3
主に
おもに
mainly. As the center. For the most part. Example: 「主に若い人が利用する」 (mainly used by young people), 「主に野菜を作っている」 (mainly grows vegetables).
AI-generated translation
N3
思わず
おもわず
Naturally, without intending to. Example: 「思わず笑ってしまった」 (couldn't help laughing), 「思わず声が出た」 (a sound escaped involuntarily).
AI-generated translation
N2
及び腰
およびごし
Originally, an unstable half-crouched posture in which one cannot fully straighten the hips. By extension, it describes a hesitant attitude lacking confidence and passive, as if shrinking back. Used in expressions like 「及び腰で交渉に臨む」 and 「政府の及び腰な姿勢」.
AI-generated translation
N3
及ぶ
およぶ
For something to reach as far as a certain point. To spread. In the form 「〜に及ばない」, it means there is no need to do that.
AI-generated translation
N2
及ぼす
およぼす
To exert influence, damage, etc. on something else. Often combined with set nouns, as in 影響を及ぼす (have an effect on), 損害を及ぼす (cause damage to). 「及ぼす」 is used for the side that exerts the effect, and 「及ぶ」 for the side the effect reaches: 「影響を及ぼす」 versus 「影響が及ぶ」.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.