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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,238words (N1–N5 total)
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Filtered by N2・N3
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N3
営業
えいぎょう
Conducting a business to make a profit. Example: 「営業時間」 (business hours), 「本日は営業しております」 (open for business today). Also refers to the job of promoting and selling a company's products (営業職, sales work).
AI-generated translation
N3
衛星
えいせい
satellite. A celestial body that orbits a planet. The moon is a satellite of the earth. Also refers to something launched by humans, as in 「人工衛星」 (artificial satellite). Written differently from the homophone 「衛生」 (hygiene).
AI-generated translation
N3
栄養
えいよう
nutrition. The nourishment a living thing needs to grow and stay healthy. Example: 「栄養がある食べ物」 (nutritious food), 「栄養バランス」 (nutritional balance).
AI-generated translation
N3
笑顔
えがお
smile. A smiling face. Example: 「笑顔で答える」 (to answer with a smile), 「笑顔がたえない」 (smiling constantly). The reading 「えがお」 is a special reading.
AI-generated translation
N3
描く
えがく
To draw a picture or diagram. Example: 「風景を描く」 (to draw a landscape). Also used to mean picturing something in one's mind, as in 「将来の夢を描く」 (to envision a future dream). Also read 「かく」, which often refers specifically to the act of drawing a picture.
AI-generated translation
N2
疫学
えきがく
The academic field that studies how diseases spread within populations. A discipline that investigates causes and pathways statistically, used as in「疫学調査」「疫学的な分析」. A specialized word commonly seen in medical and public health contexts.
AI-generated translation
N2
えぐい
えぐい
A taste that is harsh and irritates the throat. By extension, it describes a way of doing something that is blunt and merciless. Used in expressions like 「えぐい味」 and 「えぐいやり方」. Its slang-like usage has become widespread.
AI-generated translation
N2
似非
えせ
A prefix-like word expressing the meaning of "not genuine, only superficial." A written-language word placed before a noun to add the negative meaning of "fake" or "lacking substance," as in「似非学者」「似非文化人」.
AI-generated translation
N2
閲覧
えつらん
To look through and read a book, document, web page, or the like. Used in expressions like 「閲覧室」, 「資料を閲覧する」, and 「閲覧注意」. It is widely used both for using materials in a library and for viewing content on the internet.
AI-generated translation
N2
得手
えて
Something one is good at. In modern usage it is rarely used on its own, and instead appears within set expressions such as 「得手不得手」 (strengths and weaknesses) and 「得手に帆を揚げる」 (to hoist one's sail when a favorable wind comes for something one is good at, meaning to make the most of a favorable chance in one's strong point).
AI-generated translation
N2
干支
えと
The twelve zodiac signs, or the animal assigned to a given year. Used in topics of culture and annual events, as in「今年の干支」「干支を尋ねる」. There is also an academic term read「かんし」using the on-yomi reading, but「えと」is the common reading in everyday use.
AI-generated translation
N2
襟足
えりあし
A word for the back of the neck, around the hairline. An everyday word for a body part, often used in beauty and barbering contexts, as in「襟足を刈る」「襟足がすっきりしている」.
AI-generated translation
N2
襟元
えりもと
The collar area of clothing, or the base of the neck. Used as in「襟元を正す」「襟元が寒い」. The phrase「襟元を正す」is also used as a set expression meaning to correct one's posture or attitude.
AI-generated translation
N3
得る
える
obtain. To make something one's own through effort or opportunity. Example: 「知識を得る」 (to gain knowledge), 「信頼を得る」 (to earn trust), 「利益を得る」 (to gain profit). A more formal, written word than 「もらう」 or 「取る」.
AI-generated translation
N2
円滑
えんかつ
A state in which things proceed smoothly without any hitches. Used in expressions like 「円滑な人間関係」, 「会議を円滑に進める」, and 「業務の円滑化」. It is a na-adjective, taking the forms 「円滑だ」, 「円滑な」, and 「円滑に」.
AI-generated translation
N2
縁側
えんがわ
In a traditional Japanese house, a wooden-floored strip that projects along the outside of a room. It is a space connecting the interior to the garden, and is used in expressions like 「縁側でお茶を飲む」 and 「縁側に腰掛ける」. It is one of the words symbolizing Japanese residential culture.
AI-generated translation
N2
縁起
えんぎ
Refers to omens or beliefs concerning the good or bad luck of what is to come. Used in expressions like 「縁起がいい」, 「縁起を担ぐ」, or 「縁起でもない」. Linked to objects and words suggesting fortune or misfortune, it is used widely from everyday conversation to formal writing.
AI-generated translation
N3
延期
えんき
postponement. To push back a scheduled date or time. Example: 「雨で試合が延期になる」 (the match is postponed due to rain). The antonym is 「前倒し」 (moving something forward/earlier).
AI-generated translation
N3
演技
えんぎ
acting. When an actor, etc., performs a role. Example: 「演技がうまい」 (good at acting). Also used to mean behavior that hides one's true feelings, as in 「あの涙は演技だ」 (those tears were an act).
AI-generated translation
N2
縁組
えんぐみ
A word for establishing a family relationship through marriage, adoption, and the like. Used as in「養子縁組」「縁組を結ぶ」. A somewhat formal word used in contexts related to law and family registers; in everyday conversation, the words「結婚」or「養子」are used separately instead.
AI-generated translation
N2
遠景
えんけい
The scenery seen in the distance. Used as in 「遠景に山が見える」 or 「遠景を描く」, indicating the part of a landscape positioned far away in the composition of a painting, photograph, or written description. The antonym is 「近景」.
AI-generated translation
N2
援助
えんじょ
To help someone in trouble by providing effort or resources.
AI-generated translation
N2
炎症
えんしょう
A reaction in which body tissue swells red and is accompanied by heat and pain due to injury or infection. Used as in 「炎症を起こす」 or 「炎症が治まる」. A word frequently appearing in medical and health contexts, and also commonly used in daily life.
AI-generated translation
N2
演じる
えんじる
To take on and express a role or part, or to perform an action in an exaggerated manner. Used in expressions like 「主役を演じる」 or 「茶番を演じる」. Besides roles in plays and films, it has a metaphorical usage for negative actions, as in 「醜態を演じる」.
AI-generated translation
N3
演説
えんぜつ
speech. To speak one's opinion or claim in front of a large audience. Example: 「選挙演説」 (election speech), 「演説会」 (speech rally).
AI-generated translation
N3
演奏
えんそう
musical performance. To play music using an instrument. Example: 「ピアノを演奏する」 (to play the piano), 「演奏会」 (concert).
AI-generated translation
N2
縁談
えんだん
Discussions about marriage, or marriage proposals. Used as in 「縁談を持ち込む」 or 「縁談が破談になる」. A formal word mainly referring to arranged marriages involving a third party, or marriages between families.
AI-generated translation
N2
縁日
えんにち
A day said to have a special connection with a particular deity or Buddha at a shrine or temple. Also refers to the festival or market held on that day. A word familiar as a feature of old downtown areas, used as in「縁日に出かける」「縁日の屋台」.
AI-generated translation
N2
円満
えんまん
A state of being harmonious and settled without friction. Used in expressions like 「円満な家庭」 and 「円満に解決する」.
AI-generated translation
N2
遠路
えんろ
A long road or distant journey. 「遠路はるばる」 is a set phrase used in greetings like 「遠路はるばるお越しいただく」 to express gratitude to someone who has come from afar. In modern usage, it is almost exclusively used in this idiomatic expression.
AI-generated translation
N2
老い
おい
Growing old; also, the weakening of mind and body with age. 老いを感じる (feel one's age). The verb form is 老いる.
AI-generated translation
N3
追いかける
おいかける
chase. To run after something ahead of you in an attempt to catch up. Example: 「犯人を追いかける」 (to chase the criminal). Also used to mean pursuing something eagerly, as in 「流行を追いかける」 (to chase after trends).
AI-generated translation
N3
追いつく
おいつく
catch up. To go after something ahead and come alongside it. Example: 「先頭に追いつく」 (to catch up to the leader). Also used to mean a gap disappearing, as in 「勉強の遅れを取り戻して追いつく」 (to catch up after falling behind in studies).
AI-generated translation
N1, N2
老いる
おいる
To grow old, with the mind and body weakening with age. Used as in 「老いた親」. Also used as a noun in the form 「老い」.
AI-generated translation
N2
往年
おうねん
The past that has gone by, especially the era when that person or thing was flourishing. Used as in 「往年の名選手」 or 「往年の面影」 in contexts of looking back at past glory or one's prime. Characteristically, it does not refer simply to "the old days," but specifically to a brilliant period in the past.
AI-generated translation
N2
応募
おうぼ
To apply in response to a call for applicants.
AI-generated translation
N2
往来
おうらい
The coming and going of people and vehicles, or the road on which they travel. Used in expressions like 「人の往来が激しい」 or 「往来で遊ぶな」. A formal word used in contexts about traffic or places.
AI-generated translation
N3
終える
おえる
finish. To bring something one was doing to an end. Example: 「仕事を終える」 (to finish work), 「一日を終える」 (to end the day). 「終える」 is used when someone brings something to a close, and 「終わる」 when it comes to an end of its own accord: 「仕事を終える」 versus 「仕事が終わる」. A somewhat formal word.
AI-generated translation
N3
大いに
おおいに
greatly. To a large degree. Example: 「大いに楽しむ」 (to greatly enjoy oneself), 「大いに期待する」 (to have high expectations). Used in written language or formal speech.
AI-generated translation
N2
覆う
おおう
To cover something from above and hide it, enveloping the whole. Used for situations where something is broadly enveloped over a surface, like cloth or snow.
AI-generated translation
N1, N2
大柄
おおがら
A state of having a body larger than ordinary. Used as in 「大柄な男性」 or 「大柄な体格」 to express that a person's build is large. Also used in the meaning of large patterns on cloth or designs.
AI-generated translation
N2
大げさ
おおげさ
A state of showing or expressing things in a way that is exaggerated beyond reality. Used as in 「大げさに騒ぐ」 or 「大げさな身振り」. Carries the nuance that the speaker feels it is excessive.
AI-generated translation
N3
大家
おおや
landlord. The owner of a rental house or apartment. Example: 「大家さんに家賃を払う」 (to pay rent to the landlord). The side that rents the property out is the 「大家」, while the side that rents it and lives there is the 「店子」 or 「借り主」 (tenant). The same 「大家」 read as 「たいか」 is a different word referring to a person who is outstanding in a particular field.
AI-generated translation
N3, N4
おかげ
おかげ
When someone's help or a good influence becomes the source of a good result. It is almost always used in the form 「〜のおかげで」, and 「おかげ」 is rarely used on its own. Example:「先生のおかげで、ごうかくしました」(thanks to my teacher, I passed). In greetings, the set form 「おかげさまで」 is used to thank someone who has been concerned about you. For a bad result 「せい」 is used instead, but 「おかげ」 is sometimes used on purpose for a bad result, to blame someone sarcastically. It is written 「お陰」 in kanji, but hiragana is normal.
AI-generated translation
N2
侵す
おかす
To wrongfully intrude on another person's territory or rights and cause harm. Although read the same way, 「冒す」 is used for facing danger and 「犯す」 for committing a crime. Note that the kanji changes depending on the meaning.
AI-generated translation
N3
沖
おき
A place far from the shore in the sea or a lake. Example: 「沖に船が見える」 (a ship can be seen offshore), 「沖に出て魚をとる」 (to go out to sea to fish).
AI-generated translation
N2
置き去り
おきざり
To leave a person or thing behind at a place and go away. Used in expressions like 「置き去りにされる」 and 「問題を置き去りにする」.
AI-generated translation
N3
奥
おく
A place that is far and deep from the entrance. Example: 「部屋の奥」 (the back of a room), 「山の奥」 (deep in the mountains). There is also the expression 「奥が深い」 (having great depth, not easily mastered).
AI-generated translation
N2
臆病
おくびょう
The nature or state of being easily frightened even by trivial matters. Used as in 「臆病な性格」 or 「臆病風に吹かれる」. A na-adjective, used in the forms 「臆病だ」 or 「臆病な」. The antonym of 「大胆」.
AI-generated translation
N2
お蔵入り
おくらいり
For a plan or work to be shelved without being realized or released. Used in expressions like 「企画がお蔵入りになる」.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.