A spoken way of saying 「ありがとう」 (thank you). Also used as in 「どうもすみません」 (I'm so sorry).
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N2動揺どうよう
Feelings or situations becoming unstable and being shaken. Used in expressions such as 「心が動揺する」「株価の動揺」.
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N3, N5遠いとおい
far. A state where the distance is great. The antonym is 「近い」 (near).
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N2遠ざかるとおざかる
Distance or a relationship gradually becoming more removed, also becoming estranged. Used as in 「友人と遠ざかる」「政治から遠ざかる」.
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N3都会とかい
A lively town where many people gather. Example: 「都会の生活」 (city life). The antonym is 「田舎」 (countryside).
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N2度胸どきょう
Strength of spirit that allows one to face something without fear and stay calm.
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N2途切れるとぎれる
Something that was continuing being temporarily interrupted. Used in expressions such as 「会話が途切れる」「電波が途切れる」.
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N2, N3毒どく
poison. Something that is harmful if it enters the body. Example: 「毒キノコ」 (a poisonous mushroom). Also used as a metaphor for something harmful, as in 「体に毒だ」 (bad for the body).
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N2特異とくい
A characteristic differing from the ordinary and standing out in a special way. Used in expressions such as 「特異な才能」「特異な現象」. Used in formal written language.
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N2特産とくさん
A product that is specially produced in a certain region, unique to that area. Used in expressions such as 「地元の特産品」.
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N3独身どくしん
Not being married. Example: 「独身生活」 (single life).
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N3特徴とくちょう
A point that stands out and differs from others. Example: 「この町の特徴」 (a characteristic of this town).
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N2, N3独立どくりつ
independence. To manage on one's own without relying on others. Example: 「親から独立する」 (to become independent from one's parents). Also used to mean a country becoming a nation independent of control by another.
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N2溶け込むとけこむ
To dissolve and mix into a liquid or gas. Used as in「砂糖が水に溶け込む」(sugar dissolves into water). By extension, it is also used figuratively to mean that a person blends into a new environment or group and becomes a natural member of it, as in「新しい学校に溶け込む」(to fit in at a new school).
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N2床とこ
A place prepared for a person to sleep; a bed with bedding laid out. "床につく" means to go to bed and "床を離れる" means to get up, while a state of lying ill for a long time is called "病の床". The same "床" read as "ゆか" is a different word meaning the flat surface at the bottom of a room.
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N3, N5所ところ
place. A location. Often written in hiragana as 「ところ」.
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N3登山とざん
To climb a mountain. Example: 「登山靴」 (hiking boots). The paired expression is 「下山」 (descending a mountain).
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N3都市とし
city. A town where many people live and which serves as a center of politics or economy. Example: 「大都市」 (a major city).
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N2途上とじょう
The middle stage of something, or partway along the road to a destination. Used in expressions such as 「発展途上」「帰宅の途上」.
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N3年寄りとしより
A person who has grown old. Often used politely in the form 「お年寄り」.
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N2途端とたん
The very moment something happens. Used in the form 「〜した途端」. Used in contexts where an unexpected change occurs immediately afterward.
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N2, N3土地とち
land. The ground. Also used to mean a certain area or region, as in 「知らない土地」 (an unfamiliar place).
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N2突進とっしん
Charging straight ahead toward a target with great force. Used in expressions such as 「敵陣に突進する」「猪が突進する」.
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N3突然とつぜん
suddenly. Without any warning, all at once. Example: 「突然雨が降り出した」 (it suddenly started raining).
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N2突破とっぱ
To break through a difficulty or obstacle and pass beyond it; also, to exceed a certain quantity.
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N3, N5とてもとても
very. A state where the degree of something is great.
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N3届くとどく
For something sent to arrive. Example: 「荷物が届く」 (a package arrives). Also used to mean a hand or voice reaching that far, as in 「手が届く」 (within reach), 「声が届く」 (a voice carries). 「届ける」 is used when a person takes something to the other party, while 「届く」 is used when the thing arrives there: compare 「荷物を届ける」 with 「荷物が届く」.
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N2届け出とどけで
Formally submitting necessary matters to public agencies such as government offices or the police. Used in expressions such as 「出生届」「転居届」.
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N2整うととのう
The necessary conditions or state coming together properly. Used in expressions such as 「準備が整う」「体調が整う」.
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N2調うととのう
A negotiation or discussion being settled and reaching agreement. Used in expressions such as 「縁談が調う」「交渉が調う」. Used in a meaning distinguished from 「整う」.
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N2唱えるとなえる
To say words aloud. Used as in「念仏を唱える」(to chant a Buddhist prayer),「呪文を唱える」(to recite a spell). By extension, it is also used to mean publicly stating one's argument or view, as in「異議を唱える」(to raise an objection),「新説を唱える」(to advance a new theory). It is a somewhat formal word used in academic and discussion settings.
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N2怒鳴るどなる
Speaking in a loud voice as if shouting, or scolding with a raised voice. Used in expressions such as 「怒鳴り声」「部下を怒鳴る」.
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N3とにかくとにかく
anyway. Setting other things aside, first of all. 「とにかく急ごう」「とにかくやってみよう」. It is also used when saying that, whatever the other points may be, this one point at least is certain. 「この店はとにかく安い」「とにかく人が多かった」 is a way of singling out one characteristic and stating it strongly.
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N3飛ばすとばす
To make something fly through the air. Example: 「紙飛行機を飛ばす」 (to fly a paper airplane). Also used to mean skipping a part, as in 「ページを飛ばす」 (to skip a page). 「飛ばす」 is used when a person makes something fly, while 「飛ぶ」 is used when it moves through the air on its own: compare 「紙飛行機を飛ばす」 with 「紙飛行機が飛ぶ」.
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N2, N5飛ぶとぶ
fly. To move through the sky using wings.
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N2乏しいとぼしい
The necessary amount or degree being lacking. Used in expressions such as 「資源に乏しい」「経験が乏しい」.
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N3, N5止まるとまる
For something that was moving to stop moving. Example: 「電車が止まる」 (a train stops).
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N2富とみ
Large amounts of money and assets, or wealth itself. Used in expressions such as 「富を築く」「富の偏在」. A formal word used in contexts discussing economy or society.
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N2富むとむ
To have abundant wealth and prosperity. Used as in「国が富む」(the country grows wealthy),「富める者」(the wealthy). By extension, it is also used to mean having a particular quality or element in abundance, combined with abstract nouns as in「変化に富む」(rich in variety),「経験に富む」(rich in experience).
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N3泊めるとめる
To let someone stay overnight at one's own home, etc. Example: 「友人を家に泊める」 (to let a friend stay at one's house). 「泊める」 is used for the side that takes someone in, while 「泊まる」 is used for the side that spends the night there: compare 「友人を家に泊める」 with 「友人が家に泊まる」. Note the distinction from the homophones 「止める」 and 「留める」.
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N3虎とら
tiger. A large cat-family animal with a yellow and black striped pattern.
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N2取り扱うとりあつかう
Processing matters or handling goods as merchandise. Used in expressions such as 「苦情を取り扱う」「輸入品を取り扱う」.
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N2取り入れるとりいれる
Accepting and utilizing things from outside as one's own. Used in expressions such as 「新技術を取り入れる」.
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N2取り囲むとりかこむ
Surrounding the area with many people or things. Used in expressions such as 「記者が取り囲む」「敵に取り囲まれる」.
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N2取り組むとりくむ
Seriously facing a task or problem and putting in effort. Used in expressions such as 「問題に取り組む」.
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N2取り壊すとりこわす
Demolishing and removing a building or structure. Used in expressions such as 「古い家を取り壊す」. Used for architectural structures.
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N2取り締まるとりしまる
Monitoring and apprehending acts that violate laws or rules. Used in expressions such as 「違法行為を取り締まる」.
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N2取り次ぐとりつぐ
Conveying one party's matter to another, or standing in the middle as a go-between. Used in expressions such as 「電話を取り次ぐ」「伝言を取り次ぐ」.
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N2取り除くとりのぞく
Removing what gets in the way or is unnecessary. Used in expressions such as 「障害を取り除く」「不安を取り除く」.
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N3努力どりょく
effort. To put in effort and work hard for a goal. Example: 「努力が実る」 (one's efforts bear fruit).
This word has different meanings and uses at each level
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