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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,256words (N1–N5 total)
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N2
早々
そうそう
Means right after a certain time or event, at a very early stage. When it attaches to a noun, as in 「新年早々」「開店早々」, it is read 「そうそう」 and expresses the sense of 「〜してすぐ」 (right after doing something). The same kanji is also read 「はやばや」; with this reading it is used in the form 「早々と」, as in 「早々と帰る」「早々と売り切れる」, expressing that the action takes place earlier than usual. Because the form used differs with the reading, distinguish them this way: 「〜早々」 is read 「そうそう」, and 「早々と」 is read 「はやばや」.
AI-generated translation
N3
想像
そうぞう
imagination. To picture in one's mind something not actually seen. Example: 「想像がつく」 (able to imagine). Note the distinction from the homophone 「創造」 (to create something new).
AI-generated translation
N2
壮大
そうだい
The state of being grand in scale and magnificent. Used in forms like 「壮大な計画」「壮大な景色」, expressing that the scale, vision, or scenery is sweeping and impressive.
AI-generated translation
N3
早退
そうたい
To leave school or work earlier than the scheduled time. Example: 「体調が悪くて早退する」 (to leave early due to feeling unwell).
AI-generated translation
N2
早晩
そうばん
An adverb meaning "sooner or later" or "before long." A formal word used in forms like 「早晩〜するだろう」 to predict things that will certainly happen in the future.
AI-generated translation
N3
速度
そくど
speed. The speed at which one moves. Example: 「速度を上げる」 (to increase speed).
AI-generated translation
N2, N3
底
そこ
bottom. The lowest part of a container, the sea, or a river. Example: 「くつの底」 (the sole of a shoe). Also used to mean the deepest part, as in 「心の底」 (the depths of one's heart).
AI-generated translation
N2
損なう
そこなう
To make the good state of something worse. Used to worsen an abstract state or value, as in 「信用を損なう」, 「健康を損なう」, or 「景観を損なう」.
AI-generated translation
N2
損ねる
そこねる
The act of worsening one's mood, health, or the state of things. Used in forms like 「機嫌を損ねる」「体調を損ねる」, with the meaning of degrading the state of the subject. Also used as an auxiliary verb meaning "miss the chance to ~", as in 「言いそこねる」.
AI-generated translation
N2
注ぐ
そそぐ
To pour a liquid from a container. Also used to mean concentrating something abstract such as affection or one's gaze onto a single object. The target is either a liquid or an abstract feeling or gaze, as in 「お茶を注ぐ」, 「愛情を注ぐ」, or 「視線を注ぐ」.
AI-generated translation
N2
即興
そっきょう
Creating music, poetry, drama, or the like on the spot without prior preparation. Used in scenes of artistic creation, as in 「即興で演奏する」 or 「即興の詩」.
AI-generated translation
N2, N3
そっくり
そっくり
A state of being very similar. Example: 「父親にそっくりだ」 (to look just like one's father). Also used to mean entirely, with nothing left out, as in 「そっくりそのまま」 (exactly as is, in its entirety).
AI-generated translation
N2
即効
そっこう
The fact that medicine, a treatment, or the like takes effect immediately. Used for things whose effect appears in a short time, as in 「即効性のある薬」 or 「即効の治療」.
AI-generated translation
N2, N3
そっと
そっと
A manner of doing something quietly and gently, without making a sound. Example: 「そっとドアを閉める」 (to close a door quietly). There is also the expression 「そっとしておく」 (to leave someone/something alone).
AI-generated translation
N2
卒倒
そっとう
The act of suddenly losing consciousness and collapsing on the spot. Used in forms like 「知らせを聞いて卒倒した」, expressing fainting and falling from a strong shock or surprise.
AI-generated translation
N2
袖
そで
The part of a garment that covers the arm. Also, in the idiom 「袖にする」, used to mean treating someone coldly or paying them no attention. There are also other clothing-related idioms such as 「袖を通す」 (to put on a garment).
AI-generated translation
N3
その後
そのご
Meaning "after that" or "from then on." Used in forms like 「その後の状況」「その後、連絡がない」 in contexts referring to the period following a certain point in time.
AI-generated translation
N3
それぞれ
それぞれ
each. Each and every one, one by one. Example: 「人それぞれ考えが違う」 (each person thinks differently).
AI-generated translation
N2, N3
そろう
そろう
For two or more things to become the same state. Example: 「サイズがそろう」 (sizes match). Also used to mean all the necessary things or people gathering, as in 「メンバーがそろう」 (all members are present). Written with the kanji 「揃う」, but since this kanji is not used in daily life, it is usually written in hiragana. A person making things the same is 「そろえる」, while the things themselves becoming the same is 「そろう」; they are used as in 「くつをそろえる」 versus 「くつがそろう」.
AI-generated translation
N3
そろえる
そろえる
To make two or more things into the same state. Example: 「くつをそろえる」 (to line up shoes neatly). Also used to mean gathering all the necessary things, as in 「道具をそろえる」 (to gather all the tools). Written with the kanji 「揃える」. A person making things the same is 「そろえる」, while the things themselves becoming the same is 「そろう」; they are used as in 「くつをそろえる」 versus 「くつがそろう」.
AI-generated translation
N3
損
そん
loss. To lose money or profit. To not benefit. Example: 「損をする」 (to suffer a loss). The antonym is 「得」 (gain).
AI-generated translation
N3
尊敬
そんけい
respect. To think highly of someone and hold them in esteem. Example: 「先生を尊敬する」 (to respect one's teacher).
AI-generated translation
N3
存在
そんざい
existence. To be there, to exist. Example: 「宇宙人の存在」 (the existence of aliens). Also used to refer to an important person or thing, as in 「大きな存在」 (a significant presence).
AI-generated translation
N3
体育
たいいく
Classes at school involving physical movement, as a school subject. Example: 「体育の授業」 (a physical education class).
AI-generated translation
N3
体温
たいおん
The temperature of the body. Example: 「体温を測る」 (to measure one's temperature).
AI-generated translation
N3
大会
たいかい
A large event such as a sports competition, held with many people gathering. Example: 「マラソン大会」 (a marathon event).
AI-generated translation
N2
退学
たいがく
Leaving school partway through, withdrawing from enrollment before graduation. Used in expressions such as 「退学する」「退学処分」. Often used for schools after compulsory education.
AI-generated translation
N2
待遇
たいぐう
The way a person is treated, especially the salary and working conditions a company provides for its employees. Used in expressions such as 「好待遇」「待遇改善を求める」. A frequently used word for treatment in workplaces and organizations.
AI-generated translation
N3
退屈
たいくつ
Having nothing to do and finding it dull. 「暇で退屈する」「休みの日が退屈だ」. It is also used when a talk, a book, an event, or the like is monotonous and does not feel interesting to listen to or watch. 「退屈な話」「講演が長くて退屈だ」.
AI-generated translation
N3
滞在
たいざい
To stay in a foreign place or country for a certain period. Example: 「ホテルに滞在する」 (to stay at a hotel).
AI-generated translation
N3
対策
たいさく
countermeasure. A method or preparation for dealing with a problem. Example: 「安全対策」 (safety measures), 「対策を立てる」 (to set up countermeasures).
AI-generated translation
N3
体重
たいじゅう
The weight of the body. Example: 「体重が増える」 (to gain weight).
AI-generated translation
N2, N5
大丈夫
だいじょうぶ
A state of there being no problem, being reassuring. Example: 「大丈夫ですか」 (are you okay?).
AI-generated translation
N2
大胆
だいたん
A state of doing things without fear and with resolve. Used in expressions such as 「大胆な発想」「大胆に行動する」. Describes an attitude of overcoming fear or hesitation to act.
AI-generated translation
N3
態度
たいど
attitude. The mental state or behavior one has toward something. Example: 「まじめな態度」 (a serious attitude).
AI-generated translation
N3
大統領
だいとうりょう
president. In a republic, the person holding the highest position representing the country. Example: 「アメリカ大統領」 (the President of the United States).
AI-generated translation
N2
対比
たいひ
Placing two things side by side to clarify their differences and characteristics. Used in expressions such as 「光と影の対比」「両案を対比する」. Used in analytical contexts to highlight differences.
AI-generated translation
N3
太陽
たいよう
sun. The star seen in the daytime sky that gives off light and heat. Example: 「太陽の光」 (sunlight).
AI-generated translation
N3
平ら
たいら
flat. A state where the surface is straight, with no bumps or slopes. Example: 「平らな道」 (a flat road).
AI-generated translation
N2
絶え間
たえま
A break or interruption. Used in the forms 「絶え間ない」「絶え間なく」 to express continuing entirely without interruption. A formal written word used in contexts emphasizing continuity.
AI-generated translation
N3
倒す
たおす
To lay a standing object on its side. Example: 「木を倒す」 (to fell a tree). Also used to mean defeating an opponent, as in 「敵を倒す」 (to defeat an enemy). A person applying force to lay something down is 「倒す」, while something falling over on its own is 「倒れる」; they are used as in 「木を倒す」 versus 「木が倒れる」.
AI-generated translation
N3
互い
たがい
A relationship in which both sides do the same thing to each other. Example: 「互いに助け合う」 (to help each other). Often used in the form 「お互い」.
AI-generated translation
N3, N5
高い
たかい
A state where the length from bottom to top of something is great. Also used to mean the price is high. The antonym is 「低い」 (low) or 「安い」 (cheap).
AI-generated translation
N3
高める
たかめる
To raise the degree or level of something. Example: 「技術を高める」 (to improve one's skill). 「高める」 is used when someone acts to raise something, while 「高まる」 is used when it rises on its own: compare 「関心を高める」 with 「関心が高まる」.
AI-generated translation
N3
宝
たから
treasure. Something highly valuable, like gold, silver, or jewels. Example: 「宝物」 (a treasure). Also used as a metaphor for a precious person or thing, as in 「子どもは宝だ」 (children are treasures).
AI-generated translation
N2
妥協
だきょう
Both opposing sides giving up some of their own positions and finding a point of agreement. Used in expressions such as 「労使の妥協」「妥協点を探る」.
AI-generated translation
N3
抱く
だく
to hold in one's arms. To carry something by holding it in one's arms. Expresses the action of drawing something close to the body and holding it, as in "赤ちゃんを抱く" (to hold a baby) or "ぬいぐるみを抱いて寝る" (to sleep holding a stuffed toy). The same "抱く" read as "いだく" is a different word meaning to hold a thought or feeling in one's heart.
AI-generated translation
N2
打撃
だげき
To strike something hard; also, a serious blow or damage inflicted on one's mind or activities.
AI-generated translation
N2
多彩
たさい
A state of having many kinds and being rich in variation. Used in expressions such as 「多彩な活躍」「多彩な顔ぶれ」. Used in contexts of evaluating diversity in colors, talents, or human resources.
AI-generated translation
N2, N4
確か
たしか
A state of being certain. Also used to express that one doesn't remember clearly but thinks it's probably so. Example: 「確か明日だったと思う」 (I think it was probably tomorrow).
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.