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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,238words (N1–N5 total)
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Filtered by N2・N3
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N3
状態
じょうたい
condition. The state of a person or matter at a given time. Example: 「健康状態」 (health condition), 「よい状態を保つ」 (to maintain a good condition).
AI-generated translation
N2
焦点
しょうてん
Originally refers to the point where light converges, as through a magnifying glass. By extension, it also refers to the central point where interest or attention concentrates most. Used as in 「議論の焦点」(the focus of a discussion) or 「焦点を絞る」(to narrow down the focus).
AI-generated translation
N2
奨励
しょうれい
The act of regarding a behavior as good and actively encouraging others to do it. Often used in contexts where governments or organizations promote it as a policy, in forms like 「読書を奨励する」「貯蓄奨励」.
AI-generated translation
N2
所感
しょかん
An impression or opinion held about a certain matter. Used when delivering remarks in formal settings. Used in forms like 「所感を述べる」「新年の所感」.
AI-generated translation
N2
除去
じょきょ
To remove something that is in the way or harmful.
AI-generated translation
N2
徐行
じょこう
A vehicle or the like moving so slowly that it can stop immediately.
AI-generated translation
N2
所在
しょざい
The place where a person or thing exists. It can also indicate where responsibility lies. Used as in 「所在を明らかにする」(to make clear where something is) or 「責任の所在」(the locus of responsibility).
AI-generated translation
N2
所持
しょじ
To have something as one's own, including both physical possession and ownership. Used for "carrying on one's person" (as in 「免許証を所持する」 - to carry a license) as well as "owning/holding" (as in 「別荘を所持する」 - to own a villa). Used in formal contexts regarding documents, money, objects, rights, or assets.
AI-generated translation
N2
女装
じょそう
A man dressing and appearing as a woman. A woman dressing and appearing as a man is called 「男装」.
AI-generated translation
N2
自立
じりつ
To live or do things by one's own effort, without relying on others.
AI-generated translation
N2
侵害
しんがい
The act of unjustly intruding upon another's rights or domain and causing harm. Used in forms like 「権利を侵害する」「プライバシーの侵害」.
AI-generated translation
N2, N4
人口
じんこう
population. The number of people living in a certain country or town.
AI-generated translation
N2
審査
しんさ
To examine an entry or a qualification in detail and decide whether it passes or fails, or how it ranks.
AI-generated translation
N3
真実
しんじつ
The truth, with no lies in it.
AI-generated translation
N2
信者
しんじゃ
A person who believes in a particular religion or teaching.
AI-generated translation
N2
真珠
しんじゅ
A round, beautiful gem formed inside a shellfish. Used as a jewel.
AI-generated translation
N2
進出
しんしゅつ
To extend one's influence and advance into a new field or place. 「海外に進出する」「決勝に進出する」.
AI-generated translation
N2
信条
しんじょう
A belief or principle of action that one firmly holds and is determined to uphold. Used in forms like 「信条とする」「政治信条」, expressing the conviction at the core of one's way of life.
AI-generated translation
N2
浸水
しんすい
A house or piece of land being submerged in water due to flooding or the like.
AI-generated translation
N2
親善
しんぜん
The maintenance of friendly and good relationships between nations, organizations, or people. Used in forms like 「親善試合」「親善大使」 in contexts of exchange or friendship.
AI-generated translation
N3
新鮮
しんせん
Fish or vegetables being fresh. Also used to mean something novel and lively, as in 「新鮮な驚き」 (a fresh surprise).
AI-generated translation
N2
深層
しんそう
The deep part of something that does not appear on the surface. 「心の深層」. The paired opposite word is 「表層」.
AI-generated translation
N2
真相
しんそう
The true state of affairs hidden behind what appears on the surface. Used in situations of uncovering hidden facts, as in 「真相を究明する」.
AI-generated translation
N2
迅速
じんそく
A response or movement being very quick. The paired opposite word is 「緩慢」.
AI-generated translation
N3
慎重
しんちょう
The state of being careful and not acting rashly. Used in forms like 「慎重に検討する」「慎重な判断」, expressing the careful handling of matters to avoid failure.
AI-generated translation
N2
進捗
しんちょく
Work or a plan progressing smoothly. 「進捗状況」.
AI-generated translation
N2
振動
しんどう
An object shaking or vibrating in small, repeated movements.
AI-generated translation
N2
親密
しんみつ
A relationship between people that is very close and deeply connected. Used in forms like 「親密な間柄」「親密な関係」.
AI-generated translation
N2
人脈
じんみゃく
A word indicating a network of human relationships built up in work or social life. Used in forms like 「人脈を広げる」「人脈を生かす」. Particularly valued in business contexts.
AI-generated translation
N3
図
ず
diagram. Something that shows the structure or relationships of things clearly using lines or drawings. Example: 「図で説明する」 (to explain with a diagram).
AI-generated translation
N2
衰退
すいたい
The decline of momentum or power into a state inferior to before. A formal word used in forms like 「産業が衰退する」「伝統文化の衰退」 in contexts where the strength of large entities such as nations, industries, cultures, or organizations diminishes.
AI-generated translation
N2
垂直
すいちょく
The state of being straight at a right angle to a horizontal plane. A formal word used in forms like 「垂直に立てる」「垂直な壁」 expressing exact perpendicularity in a geometric or physical sense. Also used metaphorically, as in 「垂直統合」.
AI-generated translation
N2
随分
ずいぶん
A state in which the degree greatly exceeds expectation. Used in forms like 「随分変わった」「随分遠い」 with the speaker's intuitive evaluation. Used in both spoken and written language, often combined with 「〜なものだ」「〜だね」.
AI-generated translation
N2
水没
すいぼつ
The state of buildings or land sinking under water and disappearing from view. A formal word used in forms like 「川の氾濫で村が水没する」「地下駐車場が水没した」, expressing flood damage from inundation or accidents.
AI-generated translation
N2
水脈
すいみゃく
An underground waterway. Refers to a stream of groundwater that gathers and flows in a band. Used in expressions like 「水脈を掘り当てる」「水脈を探る」, and also metaphorically for invisible currents such as 「思想の水脈」 (a current of thought).
AI-generated translation
N3
数字
すうじ
numeral. A character used to represent a number. 1, 2, 3, etc. Also used to mean things related to calculation or statistics, as in 「数字に強い」 (good with numbers).
AI-generated translation
N2
図々しい
ずうずうしい
A manner of acting without restraint, with no concern for the trouble caused to others. A colloquial word expressing negative evaluation of someone who unhesitatingly demands or acts without regard for others, used in forms like 「図々しい態度」「図々しく頼む」.
AI-generated translation
N2
据え置き
すえおき
To place something in a designated spot and leave it there without moving it. By extension, it means to keep fees, prices, systems, and the like unchanged. Used in expressions like 「据え置き型エアコン」, 「料金据え置き」, and 「金利据え置き」. A formal word used in economic and administrative contexts, expressing a deliberate decision not to change something even when a change is expected.
AI-generated translation
N2
据え付ける
すえつける
The act of fixing machines or equipment in their designated position. Used in forms like 「エアコンを据え付ける」「機械を据え付ける」 in contexts of installing large, hard-to-move items. It carries the implication that once installed, it is not easily moved.
AI-generated translation
N3
姿
すがた
The overall visible form or appearance of a person or thing. Example: 「後ろ姿」 (a view from behind). Also used to mean being present somewhere, as in 「姿を消す」 (to disappear).
AI-generated translation
N3
空く
すく
to become less crowded, to get hungry. For the people or things inside to decrease so that space opens up. It is used for a decrease in people, as in "電車が空く" (the train becomes less crowded), and also for becoming hungry as food in the stomach decreases, as in "おなかが空く". The same "空く" read as "あく" becomes a different word meaning that a seat or room becomes empty.
AI-generated translation
N2
優れる
すぐれる
The state of having abilities or qualities at a higher level than others. A somewhat formal word used in forms like 「優れた才能」「景色が優れている」 to evaluate ability, quality, or condition highly. The negative form 「優れない」 can also indicate poor physical condition.
AI-generated translation
N3
過ごす
すごす
To spend time living. Example: 「休日を家で過ごす」 (to spend a holiday at home). A person using time is 「過ごす」, while time passing by on its own is 「過ぎる」; they are used as in 「休日を過ごす」 versus 「休日が過ぎる」.
AI-generated translation
N2
筋書き
すじがき
Originally a word referring to the script or synopsis of a play. By extension, it refers to a plan or course of events envisioned in advance. Often used in expressions like 「筋書き通りに進む」 and 「筋書きが狂う」, in contexts discussing whether actual circumstances match the planned course of events.
AI-generated translation
N3
勧める
すすめる
recommend. To tell someone that it would be good to do something. Example: 「入会を勧める」 (to recommend joining). When recommending a person or a book, it can also be written 「薦める」. Note the distinction from the homophone 「進める」 (to move forward).
AI-generated translation
N2, N3
進める
すすめる
To move something forward. Example: 「車を進める」 (to move a car forward). Also used to mean carrying something to a further stage, as in 「計画を進める」 (to advance a plan). A person moving something forward is 「進める」, while something moving forward on its own is 「進む」; they are used as in 「計画を進める」 versus 「計画が進む」. Note the distinction from the homophone 「勧める」 (to recommend to someone).
AI-generated translation
N2
巣立つ
すだつ
A verb meaning that a baby bird grows up, leaves the nest, and flies away. By extension, it means a child leaving their parents to become independent, or a young person graduating from school and entering society. Used in expressions like 「子どもが巣立つ」 and 「学び舎から巣立つ」, in contexts of moving from a sheltered place to an independent life.
AI-generated translation
N3
頭痛
ずつう
headache. Having a pain in one's head. Example: 「頭痛がする」 (to have a headache). There is also the expression 「頭痛の種」 (a source of worry).
AI-generated translation
N3
すっかり
すっかり
completely. Entirely, with nothing left out. Example: 「すっかり忘れていた」 (had completely forgotten). Also used to mean a state having completely changed, as in 「すっかり秋になった」 (it has completely become autumn).
AI-generated translation
N2
すっきり
すっきり
The state of being free of clutter or worries and feeling pleasantly organized. A colloquial adverb used in forms like 「部屋がすっきりする」「頭がすっきりする」 for both physical tidiness and mental refreshment.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.