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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,238words (N1–N5 total)
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Filtered by N2・N3
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N3
試み
こころみ
attempt. To try doing something. Example: 「新しい試み」 (a new attempt/initiative). The verb form is 「試みる」.
AI-generated translation
N2
試みる
こころみる
「試」 means to try, and 「みる」 means to try doing something. It refers to attempting something whose success is uncertain. Used in expressions like 「新しい方法を試みる」 or 「挑戦を試みる」, it is a formal verb expressing experimental action.
AI-generated translation
N2
快い
こころよい
Pleasant, feeling good; also describes accepting something willingly and readily. 「快い風」「快く承諾する」.
AI-generated translation
N2
誤差
ごさ
The difference between a correct value and the value actually measured.
AI-generated translation
N2
誇示
こじ
「誇」 means to boast, and 「示」 means to show; together they mean to display something boastfully. It refers to showing off one's power or position with self-satisfaction. Used in expressions like 「権力を誇示する」 or 「誇示するように」, it is a slightly critical word for behavior aimed at impressing others.
AI-generated translation
N2
孤児
こじ
It refers to a child who has lost their parents and has no guardian. Used in expressions like 「戦災孤児」 or 「孤児院」, it is a formal word used in contexts of social protection.
AI-generated translation
N3
腰
こし
waist. The bendable part of the body below the back. Example: 「腰が痛い」 (one's lower back hurts). There are also the expressions 「腰が低い」 (having a humble/polite manner) and 「腰を下ろす」 (to sit down).
AI-generated translation
N2
こじれる
こじれる
It refers to a relationship or problem becoming complicated in a bad direction and difficult to resolve. Used in expressions like 「話がこじれる」 or 「関係がこじれる」, in situations of becoming entangled and worsening.
AI-generated translation
N2
故人
こじん
A person who has died. A different word from 「個人」 (each individual person), which has the same reading.
AI-generated translation
N3
個人
こじん
individual. Each single person, as opposed to a group. Example: 「個人の意見」 (an individual's opinion), 「個人的な問題」 (a personal matter), 「個人情報」 (personal information).
AI-generated translation
N3
越す
こす
To pass a place or time and go to the other side. Example: 「年を越す」 (to see out the year/into the new year), 「冬を越す」 (to get through the winter), 「引っ越す」 (to move house). In the form 「お越しください」, it also serves as an honorific way of saying 「来る」 (to come).
AI-generated translation
N1, N2
擦る
こする
To press something firmly against the surface of an object and move it. A different action from 「摩る」 (to stroke gently) or 「刷る」 (to print), which are also read 「する」.
AI-generated translation
N2
個性
こせい
A unique quality that belongs only to that person or thing, different from others. Used as in 「個性を生かす」.
AI-generated translation
N2
古代
こだい
Ancient times. One of the periods into which history is divided, coming after the primitive age and before the medieval age. 「古代ローマ」.
AI-generated translation
N2
こだわる
こだわる
The word originally had a somewhat negative meaning of being caught up in trivial matters and unable to be free of them. From this, it developed the meaning of being strongly attentive to one thing and not letting it go easily. It is still used negatively, as in 「過去にこだわる」, but in modern Japanese it is more often used positively to describe an attitude of standing by one's beliefs or preferences, as in 「味にこだわる」 or 「細部にこだわる」.
AI-generated translation
N2
誇張
こちょう
To express something in an exaggerated way, beyond what it actually is.
AI-generated translation
N3
国家
こっか
nation. A country. A unified entity that has territory, people, and a government. Example: 「国家試験」 (a national examination). More formal than 「国」, used when discussing politics and law.
AI-generated translation
N3
国会
こっかい
The most important assembly, which decides a nation's laws and budget. Example: 「国会議員」 (a member of parliament), 「国会で審議する」 (to deliberate in the National Diet).
AI-generated translation
N2
骨格
こっかく
(1) The bone framework that supports the body. 「がっしりした骨格」. (2) The basic structure of a matter. 「計画の骨格」.
AI-generated translation
N3
固定
こてい
To firmly fix something in one place or state so it does not move. Example: 「固定給」 (a fixed salary).
AI-generated translation
N2
孤独
こどく
It refers to the state of being lonely with no one around. Used in expressions like 「孤独を感じる」 or 「孤独な生活」, it expresses the emotional sensation of being alone.
AI-generated translation
N3, N5
子供
こども
child. A young person. The opposite of an adult. Also used to mean one's own son or daughter. Often written as 「子ども」.
AI-generated translation
N2
こなす
こなす
It refers to skillfully handling difficult work or a large volume of tasks. Used in expressions like 「仕事をこなす」 or 「英語を使いこなす」, it is a verb used in situations of putting one's ability to work to dispose of things.
AI-generated translation
N2
こなれる
こなれる
Originally it meant that food becomes digested, or that something is broken down into small pieces. From this, it developed the meaning of becoming accustomed and feeling natural. Used in expressions like 「文章がこなれる」 or 「演技がこなれてきた」, it describes a state in which awkwardness has been shed and skill has been gained.
AI-generated translation
N3
好む
このむ
To like something and choose it oneself. A slightly more formal way of saying 「好き」 (to like).
AI-generated translation
N3
こぼす
こぼす
It refers to inadvertently letting liquid or powder out. It also means to let out one's dissatisfaction or complaints. Used in expressions like 「水をこぼす」 or 「愚痴をこぼす」, it expresses the act of unintentionally letting something out.
AI-generated translation
N3
ごまかす
ごまかす
It refers to concealing by means of lies or makeshift measures, hiding the truth. Used in expressions like 「年齢をごまかす」 or 「答えをごまかす」, it is a verb that critically expresses the act of deceiving others.
AI-generated translation
N2
こもる
こもる
The basic meaning is to remain inside without going out, or for a filled state inside not to disperse. Specifically, it refers to a person shutting themselves indoors and not going outside, or to smoke, smells, or emotions filling the interior without dispersing. Used as 「家にこもる」 or 「熱気がこもる」.
AI-generated translation
N2
こらえる
こらえる
It refers to enduring something painful or an emotion without letting it show. Used in expressions like 「涙をこらえる」 or 「痛みをこらえる」, in situations of suppressing strong emotions or pain.
AI-generated translation
N2
孤立
こりつ
It refers to being separated from companions or surroundings and being alone. Used in expressions like 「孤立する」 or 「孤立を深める」, it is a formal word for a state of loneliness in social or geographical terms.
AI-generated translation
N2
こりる
こりる
It refers to thinking, from a failure or painful experience, that one never wants to do the same thing again. Used in expressions like 「失敗にこりる」 or 「こりずに挑戦する」, it is a verb expressing reflection or a lesson learned.
AI-generated translation
N2
婚姻
こんいん
It refers to a man and woman becoming husband and wife in legal terms. Used in expressions like 「婚姻届」 or 「婚姻関係」, it is a word that expresses marriage in a formal and institutional way.
AI-generated translation
N2
根気
こんき
「根」 refers to the root that supports things, and 「気」 means mental energy. It refers to the mental energy to continue something to the end without giving up. Used in expressions like 「根気がいる」 or 「根気よく」, in contexts of tasks that require patience.
AI-generated translation
N2
根拠
こんきょ
The basis on which a judgment or claim rests.
AI-generated translation
N2
献立
こんだて
A word referring to the combination or content of dishes in a meal. Expresses the overall composition of dishes served, as in「今晩の献立」「給食の献立」.
AI-generated translation
N2
今日
こんにち
The present age, the world of today. Used when describing something that has continued from some point in the past up to the present, as in "今日に至るまで" or "今日の日本". The greeting "こんにちは" also comes from this word. The same "今日" read as "きょう" is a different word referring to this very day.
AI-generated translation
N2
細工
さいく
The act of making small objects skillfully by hand, or the work itself. It also carries a negative meaning of dishonest manipulation. Used in forms like 「手の込んだ細工」「細工を施す」.
AI-generated translation
N2
採算
さいさん
A word expressing whether income exceeds expenditure to produce profit in business or transactions. Used in forms like 「採算が取れる」「採算が合う」. It refers to profit calculation and is applied to the profitability of a business rather than personal gain or loss.
AI-generated translation
N2
細心
さいしん
A word expressing careful attention down to the smallest details. Most commonly used in the form 「細心の注意」. It describes paying attention so as not to overlook even small mistakes in dangerous work or important procedures.
AI-generated translation
N2
財政
ざいせい
The state of managing money for a country, local government, household, and the like. Used in expressions like 「財政難」 and 「財政を立て直す」, it is a formal word referring to the management of income and expenditure.
AI-generated translation
N3
栽培
さいばい
To plant and grow plants. Used for growing crops or plants by human hand, as in 「野菜を栽培する」 (to grow vegetables), 「促成栽培」 (forced/accelerated cultivation).
AI-generated translation
N3
境
さかい
border. The dividing line between one thing and another, or one place and another. Example: 「県の境」 (a prefectural border), 「生死の境」 (the boundary between life and death). There is also the expression 「これを境に」 (taking this event as a turning point).
AI-generated translation
N2
逆らう
さからう
(1) To move in the opposite direction against a current or force. 「風に逆らう」. (2) To not obey the words or orders of someone in a higher position. 「親に逆らう」.
AI-generated translation
N2
盛り
さかり
(1) The period when momentum or a condition is at its peak. 「働き盛り」「花の盛り」. (2) The mating season of animals.
AI-generated translation
N2
詐欺
さぎ
A criminal act of deceiving others to take their money or property. A formal word used in forms like 「オレオレ詐欺」「詐欺事件」「詐欺に遭う」.
AI-generated translation
N3, N5
先
さき
Ahead of oneself; earlier in time. Example: 「この先」 (from here on), 「先に行く」 (to go ahead).
AI-generated translation
N1, N2
裂く
さく
(1) To pull one thing apart and divide it into two or more pieces. 「布を裂く」. (2) To forcibly separate people who are close to each other. 「二人の仲を裂く」.
AI-generated translation
N2
削減
さくげん
To cut and reduce a quantity or cost. Used in expressions like 「経費を削減する」 and 「人員削減」, it is a somewhat formal word used when an amount is intentionally reduced.
AI-generated translation
N2
錯乱
さくらん
The mind becoming confused so that one can no longer make normal judgments.
AI-generated translation
N2
探る
さぐる
(1) To touch something with one's hand to check it. 「ポケットを探る」. (2) To secretly investigate another person's condition or circumstances. 「真意を探る」.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.