An event where people gather at a set day or place to buy and sell goods. Used as in "駅前に市が立つ" (a market is held in front of the station), "朝市", or "古本市". Its characteristic is that it is held on set days rather than being a permanently open shop. The same "市" read as "し" is a different word meaning an administrative division larger than a town.
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N3位置いち
position. The place where an object or person is. Example: 「机の位置を変える」 (to change the position of a desk), 「現在の位置」 (current position). Also used to mean one's role within a whole, as in 「位置づけ」 (positioning).
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N2一因いちいん
One of several causes that brought about a certain result. A formal word that presupposes there are other causes besides this one, not the sole cause. Used as in 「〜の一因となる」 or 「一因として挙げられる」.
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N2一概にいちがいに
An adverb used in combination with negative expressions such as 「〜とは言えない」 or 「〜には決められない」. Expresses the meaning that one cannot decide on the whole based on a single standard. Frequently appears in articles and commentaries when pointing out the existence of exceptions.
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N5一月いちがつ
The 1st month of the year.
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N2著しいいちじるしい
A state in which change or difference is conspicuously large. Used for clearly recognizable degrees of magnitude, such as growth in numbers or changes in situation. The adverbial usage 「著しく向上する」 is also common. A word used in formal style.
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N2一段といちだんと
A state in which the degree of something increases further compared with before. Used in expressions like 「一段と寒くなる」 and 「一段と美しい」.
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N5一番いちばん
The very first in order. Example: 「一番の人」 (the first person). Also used to mean "the most," as in 「一番高い」 (the most expensive).
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N2一連いちれん
A state in which several matters are bundled together as a single series. Used as in 「一連の事件」 or 「一連の手続き」, referring to a group of related events that occurred in succession.
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N5いついつ
when. A word for asking about time. Example: 「いつ行きますか」 (when will you go?).
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N2一環いっかん
An element constituting a part of a larger plan or activity. Used in the form 「〜の一環として」 in scenes of positioning something not as a standalone act but as a part of the whole.
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N2一向にいっこうに
An adverb used in combination with the negative form 「〜ない」. With the meaning "not at all 〜" or "not in the least 〜," it emphasizes that the expected change or progress is not visible at all.
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N2逸材いつざい
A person with exceptionally outstanding talent. Used in expressions like 「将来有望な逸材」 and 「逸材を発掘する」.
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N3一瞬いっしゅん
instant. A very short time, like the blink of an eye. Example: 「一瞬の出来事」 (a momentary event), 「一瞬迷った」 (hesitated for a moment).
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N5一緒いっしょ
For more than one person or thing to be in the same place, or do the same thing. Example: 「友だちと一緒に行く」 (to go together with a friend).
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N3一生いっしょう
lifetime. The span from birth to death. Example: 「一生の思い出」 (a memory for a lifetime), 「一生忘れない」 (to never forget for the rest of one's life).
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N2一身いっしん
One's own single body or self. Used in the fixed forms 「一身に〜を受ける/集める/背負う」. Used in contexts where attention, responsibility, or expectations are concentrated on oneself alone, a relatively formal expression.
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N2一層いっそう
To an even greater degree than before; all the more. Used as in 一層努力する (try even harder), 寒さが一層厳しくなる (the cold grows even more severe).
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N3一体いったい
Being a single unified whole. Example: 「チームが一体となる」 (the team becomes united), 「一体感」 (a sense of unity). Also has a usage for emphasizing a question, as in 「一体どうしたの?」 (what on earth happened?), which is usually written in hiragana in that sense.
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N2一端いったん
A small portion within the whole of a matter. Used as in 「責任の一端を担う」 or 「真実の一端が明らかになる」 in scenes where one shows only a part rather than the whole.
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N3一致いっち
For two or more things to match exactly. Example: 「意見が一致する」 (opinions agree), 「指紋が一致する」 (fingerprints match).
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N5五ついつつ
five. The number 5 when counting things. Example: "みかんを五つ買う" (to buy 5 mandarins).
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N3一般いっぱん
general. Being widely ordinary rather than special. Example: 「一般の人」 (ordinary people), 「一般的な考え方」 (a common way of thinking). The antonym is 「特殊」 (special/particular).
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N3一方いっぽう
One side. Example: 「道の一方」 (one side of the road). In the form 「一方で」, it is used to contrast a different aspect, as in 「安い。一方で品質は落ちる」 (It's cheap. On the other hand, the quality is lower). Also used to mean something proceeding only in one direction, as in 「増える一方だ」 (it just keeps increasing).
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N5いつもいつも
Always. At any time, all the time. 「いつも同じ時間におきる」(always waking up at the same time).
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N1, N2移転いてん
To move one's home, office, or the like to another location; also, for a right or the like to be transferred to another party.
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N2営むいとなむ
To carry on work or one's life continuously. In everyday life, one more often encounters the on-reading compound words 「営業」「経営」, which use the same kanji.
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N2挑むいどむ
Confronting a difficult opponent or goal. Used in scenes of actively heading toward an object stronger than oneself, such as matches, records, or difficult problems, as in 「記録に挑む」 or 「強敵に挑む」. A word used in scenes where victory and defeat or success and failure are at stake.
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N5犬いぬ
dog. An animal that often lives together with people.
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N3命いのち
life. That which is the basis of a living thing being alive. Example: 「命を守る」 (to protect a life), 「命にかかわる病気」 (a life-threatening illness). Also used as a metaphor for the most precious thing, as in 「この写真は私の命だ」 (this photo is my life).
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N2威張るいばる
To take an arrogant attitude, boasting about one's own power or status. Expresses behaving in a high-handed manner toward others, mostly carrying a negative implication. Used as in 「部下に威張る」 or 「威張り散らす」.
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N3違反いはん
violation. Not following a law or rule. Example: 「交通違反」 (traffic violation), 「ルールに違反する」 (to violate a rule).
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N2いびついびつ
A state in which a shape is distorted and not properly formed. It also describes something that is not normal. Used in expressions like 「いびつな形」 and 「いびつな関係」.
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N3衣服いふく
clothing. A formal way of saying clothes. In everyday conversation, 「服」 is used, while 「衣服」 is used in written language.
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N3居間いま
living room. The room where a family usually gathers to spend time. Nearly the same as 「リビング」. Has the same reading as 「今」 (now), so context is needed to distinguish them.
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N5今いま
now. This very moment while speaking. Example: 「今、何時ですか」 (what time is it now?).
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N2今更いまさら
An adverb expressing the feeling that doing something at this point would be too late because too much time has passed, or that it would be unnatural. Used in combination with feelings of regret, resignation, or surprise in forms like 「今更〜ても」 or 「今更ながら」.
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N5意味いみ
meaning. The content that a word or action represents. Example: 「このことばの意味」 (the meaning of this word).
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N5妹いもうと
A younger sister, born after oneself. A younger brother is 「弟」.
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N5嫌いや
A feeling of not liking something, or not wanting to do it. Example: 「嫌な天気」 (unpleasant weather). Also used when refusing by saying 「嫌だ」 (no way/I don't want to).
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N2癒すいやす
Easing fatigue, sadness, or pain to make body and mind feel at ease. Used as in 「疲れを癒す」 or 「心を癒す」. Often used with the nuance of gently softening, rather than physical medical treatment.
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N3以来いらい
since. Continuing without interruption from that time up to now. Example: 「卒業以来会っていない」 (haven't met since graduation). Used only for past events, not for the future.
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N3依頼いらい
request. To ask someone to do a job, etc. Example: 「仕事を依頼する」 (to commission work), 「依頼を受ける」 (to receive a request). A more formal way of saying 「たのむ」, used in business.
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N3いらいらいらいら
A state in which things do not go as one wishes, causing restlessness. Example: 「渋滞でいらいらする」 (to be irritated by traffic congestion). Usually written in hiragana, or sometimes in katakana (イライラ).
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N5入口いりぐち
entrance. The place for entering a building or area. The antonym is 「出口」 (exit).
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N3医療いりょう
medical care. A word covering the whole of treating illness and injury. Example: 「医療機関」 (medical institution), 「医療費」 (medical expenses).
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N5居るいる
For a person or animal to be there. Example: 「へやに母が居る」 (my mother is in the room). Very often written in hiragana as 「いる」. For things, 「ある」 is used.
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N5要るいる
To be necessary. Example: 「お金が要る」 (money is needed). Same reading as 「居る」, but a different word.
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N5入れるいれる
To move something from outside to inside. Example: 「かばんに本を入れる」 (to put a book into a bag). When something goes in by itself, 「入る」 is used.
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N5色いろ
color. What is visible, such as red, blue, white, etc.
This word has different meanings and uses at each level
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