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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,238words (N1–N5 total)
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Filtered by N2・N3・N4・N5
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N1, N2
気の毒
きのどく
Feeling sympathy for another person's misfortune or suffering. 気の毒に思う (feel sorry for someone). Also used for feeling apologetic about troubling someone (わざわざ来てもらって気の毒なことをした "I felt bad for making them come all this way").
AI-generated translation
N2
規範
きはん
「規」 means rule, and 「範」 means a model or pattern; together they refer to rules and models that should be followed. It refers to a standard that serves as a model for the conduct and judgment people should follow. Used in expressions like 「社会規範」 or 「行動規範」. It is a formal word frequently appearing in ethical, moral, and legal contexts.
AI-generated translation
N4
厳しい
きびしい
A state where rules or guidance are strict, with no leeway. Also used to mean weather being harshly severe, as in 「厳しいさむさ」 (severe cold).
AI-generated translation
N2
寄付
きふ
To donate money or goods for public or charitable purposes.
AI-generated translation
N2
気風
きふう
「気」 means temperament, and 「風」 means local atmosphere; together they refer to the temperament and atmosphere unique to a place or group. It refers to the distinctive temperament and atmosphere commonly seen in a group or land. It is a somewhat formal word for speaking about the character of a region or organization, as in 「下町の気風」 or 「自由な気風」.
AI-generated translation
N2
起伏
きふく
(1) The ups and downs of terrain. 「起伏のある地形」. (2) The ups and downs of a matter or of one's emotions. 「感情の起伏が激しい」.
AI-generated translation
N4
気分
きぶん
The current feeling of one's body or mind. Example: 「気分がいい」 (feeling good), 「気分がわるい」 (feeling unwell).
AI-generated translation
N3
希望
きぼう
hope. To wish for things to turn out a certain way. That wish. Example: 「希望を持つ」 (to have hope), 「希望の大学」 (a desired university). The antonym is 「絶望」 (despair).
AI-generated translation
N3
基本
きほん
basics. The most fundamental, important part of something. Example: 「基本を身につける」 (to master the basics), 「基本的な考え方」 (a basic way of thinking).
AI-generated translation
N2
気まぐれ
きまぐれ
「気」 means feeling, and 「まぐれ」 means to be unsettled or shaken; together they mean that one's feelings shift and do not settle. It refers to attitudes or actions changing easily according to the mood of the moment. Used in expressions like 「気まぐれな性格」 or 「気まぐれに立ち寄る」. It is a somewhat formal word leaning toward colloquial use, used both in mildly negative and mildly positive senses.
AI-generated translation
N2
気まずい
きまずい
It refers to a feeling in which the relationship with the other party becomes awkward and the atmosphere of that place becomes bad. Used in expressions like 「気まずい思いをする」 or 「気まずい雰囲気」, it is a word for friction in human relations.
AI-generated translation
N2
気まま
きまま
「気」 means feeling, and 「まま」 means as one wishes; together they mean to act as one's feelings move. It refers to behaving as one wishes without worrying about those around. Used in expressions like 「気ままな一人旅」 or 「気ままに暮らす」. It is a somewhat formal word with a positive nuance expressing freedom.
AI-generated translation
N3
決まり
きまり
A rule that one is supposed to follow. Example: 「決まりを守る」 (to follow the rules). There is also 「決まり文句」 (a stock phrase always used the same way) and 「決まりが悪い」 (to feel embarrassed).
AI-generated translation
N4
決まる
きまる
For something to be clearly decided. Example: 「よていが決まる」 (a plan is set). When deciding it oneself, 「決める」 is used.
AI-generated translation
N2
気味
きみ
A feeling something gives you. Used as in いい気味だ (serves you right — an expression of pleasure at someone's failure). Also attached after other words, as in 風邪気味 (having a slight cold), 遅れ気味 (running a bit behind), to show a slight tendency; when attached, it is read with voicing as ぎみ.
AI-generated translation
N3
奇妙
きみょう
strange. A puzzling state that would not normally be expected. Example: 「奇妙な音」 (a strange sound), 「奇妙な話」 (a strange story).
AI-generated translation
N3
義務
ぎむ
obligation. Something that has been decided must be done. Example: 「義務を果たす」 (to fulfill an obligation), 「義務教育」 (compulsory education). The antonym is 「権利」 (right).
AI-generated translation
N4
決める
きめる
To clearly choose and decide something. Example: 「行き先を決める」 (to decide on a destination).
AI-generated translation
N4
気持ち
きもち
The happy, sad, etc., state one feels in one's heart. Also used to mean physical sensation, as in 「気持ちがわるい」 (feeling sick/unwell).
AI-generated translation
N4
着物
きもの
kimono. Traditional Japanese clothing.
AI-generated translation
N3
疑問
ぎもん
To wonder whether something is really true, or why it is so. Example: 「疑問を持つ」 (to have a question/doubt), 「疑問に思う」 (to wonder), 「疑問点」 (a point of doubt).
AI-generated translation
N3
逆
ぎゃく
reverse. Order or direction being opposite. Example: 「逆の方向」 (the opposite direction), 「順番が逆だ」 (the order is reversed). In the form 「逆に」, it means "on the contrary/conversely."
AI-generated translation
N2
逆転
ぎゃくてん
A position, situation, or the like becoming the reverse of what it was before.
AI-generated translation
N2
客観
きゃっかん
To view things from a third party's standpoint, apart from one's own perspective and feelings. The word with the opposite meaning is 「主観」.
AI-generated translation
N4
急
きゅう
sudden; hurried. A state of something happening unexpectedly, all at once. Example: 「急に雨がふる」 (it suddenly rains). Also used to mean being in a hurry, as in 「急いで走る」 (to run in a hurry).
AI-generated translation
N2
救援
きゅうえん
To help people in trouble or a disaster-stricken area.
AI-generated translation
N3
休暇
きゅうか
vacation. An extended period of time off from a company or school. Example: 「夏季休暇」 (summer vacation), 「休暇を取る」 (to take time off). More formal than 「休み」.
AI-generated translation
N2
急きょ
きゅうきょ
Doing something suddenly and hurriedly. The 「きょ」 is the kanji 「遽」, but it is not used in everyday writing, so this word is normally written in hiragana.
AI-generated translation
N2
究極
きゅうきょく
「究」 means to investigate to the utmost, and 「極」 means to reach the extreme; the word combines two synonymous characters. It refers to the final stage or highest state reached by pursuing something to its end. Used in expressions like 「究極の目的」 or 「究極の選択」. It is a somewhat formal word expressing the result of pursuing something to the limit.
AI-generated translation
N2
窮屈
きゅうくつ
It refers to a state of not being able to move freely due to space or constraints being strict. Used in expressions like 「窮屈な部屋」 or 「窮屈な思いをする」, it is a word used both physically and mentally.
AI-generated translation
N3
休憩
きゅうけい
break. To stop work or exercise for a short while and rest. Example: 「10分休憩する」 (to take a 10-minute break), 「休憩時間」 (break time).
AI-generated translation
N3
急激
きゅうげき
A state in which change is sudden and intense. Example: 「急激な変化」 (a sudden change), 「気温が急激に下がる」 (the temperature drops sharply).
AI-generated translation
N4
急行
きゅうこう
A train that skips stations along the way to go faster.
AI-generated translation
N2
救済
きゅうさい
To help someone who is suffering or in trouble.
AI-generated translation
N2
給仕
きゅうじ
To serve food and drink and attend to guests at a meal; also, the person who does this. A somewhat old expression; nowadays 「接客」 is often used instead.
AI-generated translation
N3
吸収
きゅうしゅう
absorption. To soak up moisture, etc. Example: 「スポンジが水を吸収する」 (a sponge absorbs water). Also used to mean taking in and making something one's own, as in 「知識を吸収する」 (to absorb knowledge).
AI-generated translation
N3
救助
きゅうじょ
rescue. To help a person who is in a dangerous situation. Example: 「人命救助」 (lifesaving), 「救助隊」 (rescue team).
AI-generated translation
N2
急進的
きゅうしんてき
Describing the manner of trying to advance toward a goal all at once. Used in expressions like 「急進的な改革」 (radical reform) or 「急進的な意見」 (radical opinions) to express that change happens faster and on a larger scale than usual. Proceeding little by little is called 「漸進的」, though 「段階的」 (step-by-step) is more common in everyday use. Another word containing 「急進」 is 「急進派」, which refers to people who take such a position.
AI-generated translation
N2
急進派
きゅうしんは
People who take the position of changing the current way of doing things or the current system drastically and all at once. Often used in political contexts and typically contrasted with 「穏健派」 (the moderates), who seek gradual change. Another word containing 「急進」 is 「急進的」, which describes such a way of thinking or proceeding.
AI-generated translation
N3
急速
きゅうそく
rapid. A state of advancing very quickly. Example: 「急速に発展する」 (to develop rapidly), 「急速な変化」 (a rapid change).
AI-generated translation
N5
牛肉
ぎゅうにく
beef. Cow meat.
AI-generated translation
N5
牛乳
ぎゅうにゅう
milk. A white drink obtained from cows. Also called 「ミルク」.
AI-generated translation
N2
急変
きゅうへん
「急」 means sudden, and 「変」 means to change; together they mean to change suddenly. It refers to a state or situation changing sharply and suddenly. Used in expressions like 「容態が急変する」 or 「事態が急変する」. It is a formal word expressing serious change in news and medical contexts.
AI-generated translation
N2
給与
きゅうよ
Money paid by an employer for one's work; also, to give money or goods.
AI-generated translation
N2
急落
きゅうらく
「急」 means sudden, and 「落」 means to fall; together they mean to fall suddenly. It refers to prices or numerical values dropping sharply and suddenly. Used in expressions like 「株価が急落する」 or 「支持率が急落する」. It is a formal word frequently appearing in economic and political news, referring to sudden downward change.
AI-generated translation
N2
寄与
きよ
To exert effort for something and be of use to it. 「発展に寄与する」. A more formal, written word than 「貢献」, which has the same meaning.
AI-generated translation
N2
器用
きよう
It refers to being good at fine work using one's hands. Used in expressions like 「手先が器用」 or 「器用な人」. By metaphor it is also used in the sense of "skillful in social conduct," and is a somewhat formal word for evaluating people.
AI-generated translation
N5
今日
きょう
today. Now, this day. Read as 「きょう」, not read according to the characters as written. The same 「今日」 read as 「こんにち」 is a different word referring to the present age.
AI-generated translation
N2
凶悪
きょうあく
「凶」 means calamity or evil, and 「悪」 also means bad; the word combines two synonymous characters. It refers to being extremely vicious and brutal. Used in expressions like 「凶悪犯」 or 「凶悪事件」. It is a formal word frequently appearing in crime news, referring to serious wrongdoing involving human life.
AI-generated translation
N2
脅威
きょうい
「脅」 means to threaten, and 「威」 means imposing power; together they refer to the power to give threat and pressure. It refers to a power or danger so great that it makes others feel fear. Used in expressions like 「脅威を感じる」 or 「脅威にさらされる」. It is a formal word for serious danger in broad fields such as military, economy, and health.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.