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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,238words (N1–N5 total)
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Filtered by N2・N3・N4・N5
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N2
苦悩
くのう
It refers to suffering and worrying deeply in one's heart. Used in expressions like 「苦悩する」 or 「苦悩の表情」, it is a formal word used in situations of being mentally driven into a corner by a problem for which no path to a solution can be seen.
AI-generated translation
N3
配る
くばる
distribute. To divide something up and give it to many people. Example: 「プリントを配る」 (to hand out worksheets). Also used to mean paying close attention to something, as in 「気を配る」 (to be attentive).
AI-generated translation
N4
首
くび
neck. The part that connects the head and body. Also used to mean being fired from a job, as in 「首になる」 (to get fired).
AI-generated translation
N2
工夫
くふう
「工」 means craft, and 「夫」 means person or activity; together they mean to put one's craftsmanship to work. It refers to using one's mind to find a better method. Used in expressions like 「工夫を凝らす」 or 「工夫する」, in situations of putting one's wits to work to improve or refine something.
AI-generated translation
N2
区分
くぶん
It refers to dividing the whole based on some criterion. Used in expressions like 「年齢区分」 or 「料金区分」, it is a formal word used in situations of classifying by nature, stage, or rank.
AI-generated translation
N3
組合
くみあい
union. An organization formed by people who share the same purpose. Example: 「労働組合」 (labor union), 「組合に入る」 (to join a union).
AI-generated translation
N2
組み合わせ
くみあわせ
The act of bringing multiple things together into one, or the manner of that combining. Used in expressions like 「色の組み合わせ」 or 「組み合わせ抽選」, it is a noun used broadly in situations of selecting elements or determining opponents in matches.
AI-generated translation
N2
組み入れる
くみいれる
It refers to taking a new element into an existing system or plan. Used in expressions like 「予算に組み入れる」 or 「日程に組み入れる」, in situations of formally positioning something as a component of the whole.
AI-generated translation
N2
組み替える
くみかえる
It refers to undoing a configuration or order that has been set up once and rearranging it in a different form. Used in expressions like 「日程を組み替える」 or 「組織を組み替える」, in situations of restructuring an existing structure.
AI-generated translation
N2
組み込む
くみこむ
It refers to taking something in as an element constituting the whole and making it an inseparable part. Used in expressions like 「機能を組み込む」 or 「条件を組み込む」, in situations of embedding something inside a system or plan.
AI-generated translation
N2
組み立てる
くみたてる
It refers to arranging parts or elements in order to make a finished product or overall structure. It is used broadly, from assembling furniture and machinery to constructing logic, plans, and writing.
AI-generated translation
N3
組む
くむ
To combine separate things into one. Also used when cooperating with a person or making a plan, as in 「腕を組む」 (to fold one's arms), 「予算を組む」 (to put together a budget).
AI-generated translation
N4
雲
くも
cloud. A white or dark mass floating in the sky.
AI-generated translation
N2
雲行き
くもゆき
It refers to a change in the course or atmosphere of a matter. Used in expressions like 「雲行きが怪しい」, in situations of sensing signs that things are likely to develop in an unfavorable direction. It is a metaphorical expression transferred from meteorology.
AI-generated translation
N5
曇り
くもり
Weather in which the sky is covered with clouds. The antonym is 「はれ」 (clear weather).
AI-generated translation
N5
曇る
くもる
For the sky to become full of clouds. Example: 「午後から曇る」 (it will become cloudy in the afternoon).
AI-generated translation
N3
悔しい
くやしい
A frustrated, angry feeling that comes from losing or failing and being unable to accept it. Example: 「試合に負けて悔しい」 (frustrated at losing the match), 「悔しい思いをする」 (to feel frustration).
AI-generated translation
N3
悔やむ
くやむ
regret. To feel sorry, thinking one should have done otherwise at that time. Example: 「失敗を悔やむ」 (to regret a failure). 「悔いる」 is a formal word with the same meaning.
AI-generated translation
N1, N3, N5
暗い
くらい
dark. Having little light, so things are hard to see. Example: 「暗いへや」 (a dark room). The antonym is 「明るい」 (bright).
AI-generated translation
N2
暮らし向き
くらしむき
It refers to the economic situation of daily life. Used in expressions like 「暮らし向きが楽になる」, it is a somewhat formal everyday word for the comfort of household finances or the standard of living.
AI-generated translation
N3
暮らす
くらす
To live and spend one's days. Example: 「一人で暮らす」 (to live alone), 「幸せに暮らす」 (to live happily). The noun form is 「暮らし」 (life/living).
AI-generated translation
N4
比べる
くらべる
To look at two or more things and examine their differences. Example: 「ねだんを比べる」 (to compare prices).
AI-generated translation
N2
繰り上げる
くりあげる
To move a scheduled date, time, or order earlier than originally planned. The word with the opposite meaning is 「繰り下げる」.
AI-generated translation
N3
繰り返す
くりかえす
repeat. To do the same thing many times. Example: 「失敗を繰り返す」 (to repeat a mistake), 「同じ説明を繰り返す」 (to repeat the same explanation).
AI-generated translation
N5
来る
くる
come. For a person or thing to move toward where the speaker is. The antonym is 「行く」 (to go). The reading changes to 「こ」 or 「き」 in forms like 「来ない」 and 「来ます」.
AI-generated translation
N3
狂う
くるう
To go out of a normal state. Used to mean something not working correctly or not going as planned, as in 「時計が狂う」 (a clock goes out of order), 「計画が狂う」 (a plan goes awry).
AI-generated translation
N3
苦しい
くるしい
A state in which the body or mind is in distress. Example: 「息が苦しい」 (it's hard to breathe), 「生活が苦しい」 (life is hard, i.e., not enough money), 「苦しい言い訳」 (a strained/unconvincing excuse).
AI-generated translation
N5
車
くるま
car. A vehicle that carries people or things and runs on roads. Mainly refers to an automobile.
AI-generated translation
N3
くるむ
くるむ
To wrap something entirely. Example: 「赤ちゃんを毛布でくるむ」 (to wrap a baby in a blanket). Nearly the same as 「包む」, but used when wrapping something soft around an object like winding it.
AI-generated translation
N3
暮れ
くれ
The time toward the end of a day, season, or year. Example: 「年の暮れ」 (the end of the year), 「日の暮れ」 (evening/dusk). The verb form is 「暮れる」.
AI-generated translation
N4
暮れる
くれる
For the sun to set and the surroundings to grow dark. Example: 「日が暮れる」 (the day draws to a close). Also used to mean a year coming to an end, as in 「今年も暮れる」 (this year is ending too).
AI-generated translation
N5
黒
くろ
black. The darkest color, like the night sky.
AI-generated translation
N5
黒い
くろい
black. Being the color black. Example: 「黒いかみの毛」 (black hair).
AI-generated translation
N3
苦労
くろう
hardship. To struggle through difficulty for something to work out well. Example: 「苦労して育てる」 (to raise something/someone through hard effort), 「ご苦労さま」 (thank you for your hard work).
AI-generated translation
N3
加える
くわえる
add. To add something further to what already exists. Example: 「塩を加える」 (to add salt), 「メンバーに加える」 (to add to the members). Also used as in 「熱を加える」 (to apply heat), 「力を加える」 (to apply force). 「加える」 is used when someone adds something, and 「加わる」 when something joins in: 「メンバーに加える」 versus 「メンバーに加わる」.
AI-generated translation
N3
詳しい
くわしい
detailed. A state of being clearly understood down to fine points. Example: 「詳しい説明」 (a detailed explanation). Also used to mean knowing a lot about something, as in 「歴史に詳しい」 (knowledgeable about history).
AI-generated translation
N2
食わず嫌い
くわずぎらい
It refers to disliking something from the start and not accepting it without having actually tried it. It is a set noun used broadly, including for prejudice toward new ways of thinking and matters, in addition to food.
AI-generated translation
N2
群衆
ぐんしゅう
It refers to a large number of people gathered in one place. Used in expressions like 「群衆が押し寄せる」 or 「群衆心理」, it is a formal word that objectively refers to the state of an unspecified large crowd.
AI-generated translation
N3
訓練
くんれん
training. To have someone practice repeatedly so they can do something well. Example: 「避難訓練」 (an evacuation drill), 「犬を訓練する」 (to train a dog).
AI-generated translation
N4
毛
け
hair. Thin strands that grow on the body or on animals. Also used to mean material for clothing, etc., as in 「毛のセーター」 (a wool sweater).
AI-generated translation
N2
経緯
けいい
A word describing the circumstances or developments leading up to something. Focuses on process or background rather than outcome, as in「事件の経緯を説明する」「合併に至る経緯」. Can also be read as「いきさつ」using the kun reading.
AI-generated translation
N2
経過
けいか
Time passing by; also, the way something progresses and changes.
AI-generated translation
N5
警官
けいかん
Police officer. A person who does police work. Also called 「けいさつかん」「おまわりさん」.
AI-generated translation
N2
契機
けいき
「契」 means to bond or to make a pact, and 「機」 means an occasion or trigger; the word combines two synonymous characters. It refers to the trigger that brings about a change or action. Often used in the forms 「〜を契機に」 or 「〜を契機として」, it is a formal word for an event that becomes a turning point. It frequently appears in newspapers and essays.
AI-generated translation
N3
景気
けいき
economy. The state of the movement of money and business in society. Example: 「景気がいい」 (the economy is good), 「景気が回復する」 (the economy recovers).
AI-generated translation
N2
警護
けいご
It refers to accompanying and standing watch in order to protect important persons or important facilities from harm. Used in expressions like 「首相を警護する」 or 「警護にあたる」, it is a formal word used in situations where specialized personnel secure the safety of someone's surroundings.
AI-generated translation
N3
敬語
けいご
A way of speaking that expresses respect for the other person. Includes honorific, humble, and polite language. Example: 「敬語を使う」 (to use honorific language).
AI-generated translation
N2
携行
けいこう
「携」 means to carry along, and 「行」 means to go; together they mean to carry along and go. It refers to carrying something on one's person while moving. Used in expressions like 「救急用品を携行する」 or 「身分証を携行する」, in situations of carrying necessary items while moving about. It is often seen in formal writing and rules or notices.
AI-generated translation
N3
傾向
けいこう
tendency. A tendency for something to lean in a certain direction. Example: 「増える傾向にある」 (there is a tendency to increase), 「若者の傾向」 (a tendency among young people).
AI-generated translation
N2
渓谷
けいこく
A deep valley with a river running through it, flanked by mountains.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.