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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,238words (N1–N5 total)
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N5
角
かど
corner. The place where two roads meet. The pointed edge of an object. Example: 「つぎの角を右にまがる」 (turn right at the next corner). When read 「つの」, it means the horn on an animal's head.
AI-generated translation
N1
過渡期
かとき
「過」 means to pass by, 「渡」 means to cross over, and 「期」 means period; together they refer to a period during which one is crossing over. It refers to the period during which something transitions from an old state to a new one. Used in expressions like 「過渡期にある産業」, it expresses an unstable transitional stage. It is used when speaking about phases of society, technology, or life.
AI-generated translation
N1
家督
かとく
「家」 means household, and 「督」 means to oversee or direct; together they refer to the position of the one who oversees the household. It refers to the position and property of the head of a household. In the former family system, it was what the heir of the household inherited. Used in expressions like 「家督を継ぐ」, it is used in historical novels and stories of old families.
AI-generated translation
N5
かばん
かばん
bag. Something for carrying books or belongings. The kanji 「鞄」 is not much used in daily life, and it is usually written in hiragana or katakana.
AI-generated translation
N5
花瓶
かびん
vase. A container for holding and displaying flowers.
AI-generated translation
N1
寡聞
かぶん
「寡」 means few, and 「聞」 means to hear or one's experience; together they mean to have little experience of seeing or hearing. It is mostly used in the form 「寡聞にして〜知らない」, as a fixed expression for humbly speaking about one's own lack of knowledge.
AI-generated translation
N5
紙
かみ
paper. A thin material used for writing or wrapping things.
AI-generated translation
N1
噛み締める
かみしめる
Means to bite down hard. Also used figuratively to mean savoring and deeply feeling the significance of something or an emotion, often in emotional scenes such as 「喜びを噛み締める」 and 「幸せを噛み締める」. Also often written in hiragana as 「かみしめる」.
AI-generated translation
N1
上手
かみて
The upper side of a stage or river. On a stage it means the right side as seen from the audience; on a river it means the side the water flows from. Used as in "川の上手" or "上手から登場する". The opposite side is "下手（しもて）". The same "上手" read as "じょうず" means being good at something, and read as "うわて" means being superior to the other party; each is a separate word.
AI-generated translation
N1
寡黙
かもく
「寡」 means few, and 「黙」 means silent; together they mean few in words and prone to silence. It describes the manner of rarely opening one's mouth and speaking only when necessary. Used in expressions like 「寡黙な人」 or 「寡黙に働く」, it is often used positively to depict a calm and composed character.
AI-generated translation
N5
火曜日
かようび
Tuesday. A day of the week. The day after Monday.
AI-generated translation
N1
柄
がら
A pattern appearing on the surface of cloth, paper, and the like. Used as in「花柄」「柄物のシャツ」. It also expresses personality, dignity, or the nature of things, used in idioms and compounds that express the nature inherent to a person or thing, as in「柄が悪い」「柄にもない」「人柄」「家柄」.
AI-generated translation
N5
辛い
からい
spicy. A hot taste that stings the mouth. Example: 「辛いカレー」 (spicy curry). When read 「つらい」, it becomes a different word meaning "painful/hard."
AI-generated translation
N5
体
からだ
body. The whole of a person or animal, from head to foot. Example: 「体にいい食べもの」 (food that is good for the body).
AI-generated translation
N3, N5
借りる
かりる
borrow. To use someone else's thing for a certain time. The antonym is 「貸す」 (to lend).
AI-generated translation
N3, N5
軽い
かるい
A state not requiring strength to lift. Example: 「軽いかばん」 (a light bag). The antonym is 「重い」 (heavy).
AI-generated translation
N1
辛うじて
かろうじて
The manner of barely managing to come about, in a hair's-breadth state. Used in expressions like 「辛うじて間に合う」 or 「辛うじて合格する」, it is an adverb expressing a result that came about by a narrow margin.
AI-generated translation
N5
川
かわ
river. A long, narrow place where water flows.
AI-generated translation
N5
可愛い
かわいい
cute. A feeling of liking and wanting to protect something small or a child. Often written in hiragana as 「かわいい」.
AI-generated translation
N1
鑑みる
かんがみる
「鑑」 means a mirror or model. This verb expresses making a judgment by reflecting on past precedents or the current situation as if looking into a mirror. Used in expressions like 「前例に鑑みる」 or 「現状に鑑みる」. It is often used in official documents and formal contexts.
AI-generated translation
N1
歓喜
かんき
「歓」 means to rejoice, and 「喜」 means to be glad; the word combines two synonymous characters. It refers to a very great joy. Used in expressions like 「歓喜の声」 or 「歓喜に沸く」, it is a formal word for joy accompanied by strong emotion. It is used in formal situations such as sports victories and award ceremonies.
AI-generated translation
N5
漢字
かんじ
Characters used in Japanese that came from China. Example: 「山」, 「川」. Used together with hiragana and katakana in Japanese writing.
AI-generated translation
N1
甘受
かんじゅ
「甘」 means to acquiesce, and 「受」 means to receive; together they mean to acquiesce and receive. It refers to accepting disadvantage or suffering as something unavoidable. Used in expressions like 「批判を甘受する」 or 「責任を甘受する」, it is a formal word for situations of reluctantly taking something on.
AI-generated translation
N1
完遂
かんすい
A word meaning to carry out a plan or mission through to completion. A formal word used in contexts of accomplishing matters that involve difficulty, as in「任務を完遂する」.
AI-generated translation
N1
緩慢
かんまん
「緩」 means slack or slow, and 「慢」 means slow; the word combines two synonymous characters. It describes movement or progress that is slow and lacks momentum. Used in expressions like 「緩慢な動作」 or 「対応が緩慢だ」, it is often used to negatively evaluate slowness.
AI-generated translation
N1
感涙
かんるい
「感」 means to be moved, and 「涙」 means tears; together they refer to tears shed from being deeply moved. Used in expressions like 「感涙にむせぶ」 or 「感涙する」, it expresses situations where tears flow from strong joy or gratitude. It is used in formal contexts such as ceremonies, speeches, and novels.
AI-generated translation
N1
貫禄
かんろく
The solid, dignified presence that naturally comes to a person who has accumulated status and experience. It is often used in the form 「貫禄がある」.
AI-generated translation
N4, N5
木
き
tree. A large plant that grows from the ground, with branches and leaves.
AI-generated translation
N5
黄色
きいろ
yellow. A color like that of a banana or lemon.
AI-generated translation
N5
黄色い
きいろい
yellow. Being the color yellow, like a banana or lemon. Example: 「黄色いふく」 (yellow clothes).
AI-generated translation
N1
気鋭
きえい
「気」 means vigor, and 「鋭」 means sharp; together they mean sharp vigor. It refers to being young, energetic, and exhibiting outstanding talent. It is a somewhat formal word always used as a modifier for a person, as in 「新進気鋭」 or 「気鋭の研究者」.
AI-generated translation
N3, N5
消える
きえる
For something visible, or a fire or light that was on, to disappear. Example: 「電気が消える」 (the light goes off). When turning it off oneself, 「消す」 is used.
AI-generated translation
N1
飢餓
きが
「飢」 means to starve, and 「餓」 means to starve; the word combines two synonymous characters. It refers to a state of extreme hunger from having no food. Used in expressions like 「飢餓に苦しむ」 or 「飢餓状態」, it is a formal word used in contexts of war or poverty. It refers to a situation more serious than merely 「お腹がすく (being hungry)」.
AI-generated translation
N1
気概
きがい
「気」 means feeling or vigor, and 「概」 means demeanor or backbone; together they refer to backbone filled with vigor. It refers to a strong heart that confronts hardship. Used in expressions like 「気概がある」 or 「気概を見せる」, it expresses strength of will that does not yield to adversity or opposition, and is often used with praise.
AI-generated translation
N1
気兼ね
きがね
「気」 means feeling, and 「兼ねる」 means to hesitate or hold back; together they mean to hold back in one's feelings. It refers to feeling reserved out of consideration for others. Used in expressions like 「気兼ねなく話す」 or 「気兼ねする」. It is mostly used in the negative form to convey the wish for the other party to behave freely; a somewhat formal word.
AI-generated translation
N1
気構え
きがまえ
「気」 means feeling, and 「構える」 means to take a stance or to prepare; together they mean to ready one's heart. It refers to the mental preparation and posture for tackling a matter. Used in expressions like 「気構えができている」 or 「気構えを持つ」. It is a somewhat formal word expressing resolve and readiness.
AI-generated translation
N1
基幹
きかん
「基」 means foundation, and 「幹」 means trunk; together they refer to the foundation and trunk, that is, the central support of things. It refers to the foundation that supports an organization or industry. Used in expressions like 「基幹産業」 or 「基幹システム」, always in combination with another noun. It is a formal word frequently appearing in business and administrative documents.
AI-generated translation
N1, N2
機関
きかん
An organization or system created for a particular purpose. 教育機関 (educational institution), 報道機関 (news organization). Also refers to a device that converts energy into power (蒸気機関 "steam engine").
AI-generated translation
N1
聞き入る
ききいる
It refers to listening intently as if captivated. Used in expressions like 「演奏に聞き入る」 or 「話に聞き入る」. It is a somewhat formal verb with a literary tone, expressing 「listening」 accompanied by strong concentration.
AI-generated translation
N1
飢饉
ききん
「飢」 means to starve, and 「饉」 means to starve; the word combines two synonymous characters. It refers to a state of extreme food shortage over a wide area due to crop failure or disaster. Used in expressions like 「飢饉に見舞われる」, it is a formal word used when speaking of historical events or serious food crises.
AI-generated translation
N1
危惧
きぐ
「危」 means dangerous, and 「惧」 means to fear or worry; together they mean to worry about danger. It refers to being concerned that something may lead to a bad outcome. Used in expressions like 「絶滅危惧種」 or 「事態を危惧する」, it is a formal expression frequently appearing in newspapers and news reports for expressing concerns about the future.
AI-generated translation
N3, N5
聞く
きく
To take in a sound or voice with one's ears. Example: 「音楽を聞く」 (to listen to music). Also used to mean asking, as in 「先生に聞く」 (to ask the teacher).
AI-generated translation
N1
気苦労
きぐろう
「気」 means feeling, and 「苦労」 means hardship; together they refer to mental hardship. It refers to one's heart being worn out by attending to small details. Used in expressions like 「気苦労が絶えない」 or 「気苦労を重ねる」. It is a somewhat formal word describing exhaustion from human relationships and the weight of responsibility.
AI-generated translation
N1
帰結
きけつ
「帰」 means to return or arrive at, and 「結」 means to tie or to conclude; together they refer to the conclusion finally reached. It refers to the place a matter finally arrives at after debate and processes. Used in expressions like 「論理的帰結」 or 「必然の帰結」. It is a formal word for the conclusion of argument or discussion, frequently appearing in academic papers and criticism.
AI-generated translation
N1
気心
きごころ
It refers to mutually understanding well the other person's way of thinking and personality. Used in expressions like 「気心の知れた仲」 or 「気心が知れる」, it is a somewhat formal word almost always used in combination with 「知れた」.
AI-generated translation
N1
気骨
きこつ
A strong spirit that does not bend its convictions. Used as「気骨のある人物」, expressing inner strength that yields to no one. The same kanji read as「きぼね」becomes a separate word meaning "hardship・worry."
AI-generated translation
N1
兆し
きざし
A small initial sign that something is about to happen. 「兆」 originally referred to the shape of cracks that appeared on a turtle's shell during divination, and from this it came to mean a foretoken of events. Used in expressions like 「春の兆し」 or 「回復の兆し」 to indicate the early signs of something that is about to begin.
AI-generated translation
N1
気質
きしつ
「気」 means temperament, and 「質」 means innate nature; together they refer to one's innate temperament. It refers to the disposition and mental tendency one is born with. Used in expressions like 「職人気質」 or 「学者気質」, it is a somewhat formal word for the character common to a particular group or occupation.
AI-generated translation
N1
既成
きせい
「既」 means already, and 「成」 means to come into being; together they mean already established. It refers to something that has already taken shape and become rooted in society. Used in expressions like 「既成概念」 or 「既成事実」, in combination with a following noun. It is a formal word used in contrast with what is new, frequently appearing in essays and criticism.
AI-generated translation
N1
帰属
きぞく
It refers to a person or thing belonging to the affiliation or possession of a particular organization or region. Used in expressions like 「○○に帰属する」 or 「帰属意識」. It is a formal word frequently appearing in legal, administrative, and organizational theory contexts.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.