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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,256words (N1–N5 total)
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N1
傘下
さんか
A word indicating a position under the control or protection of a large organization or power. From the image of standing under an umbrella to shelter from the rain, it expresses being under the protection of a stronger party. Used for corporate groups or political forces, in expressions such as 「傘下に入る」「傘下の企業」.
AI-generated translation
N1
散在
さんざい
A word indicating that things of the same kind exist scattered here and there over a wide area. A formal word used for buildings or materials. Used in forms like 「史跡が散在する」「資料が散在する」.
AI-generated translation
N1
暫時
ざんじ
A formal, classical-style adverb meaning "for a short while" or "for a moment." Used in official documents or essays, in forms like 「暫時休憩する」「暫時お待ちください」. It is read 「ざんじ」 and differs in both meaning and reading from the similar-looking 「漸次」 (ぜんじ／gradually).
AI-generated translation
N1
惨事
さんじ
A heart-wrenching and tragic event in which many people die or are injured. A formal word used for accidents or disasters. Used in forms like 「未曾有の惨事」「惨事を招く」.
AI-generated translation
N1
斬新
ざんしん
A word describing how an idea or method feels unprecedentedly new and fresh. Used for artworks, plans, or designs. Used in forms like 「斬新なアイデア」「斬新なデザイン」.
AI-generated translation
N1
暫定
ざんてい
A word indicating a tentative decision made for the interim until a formal decision can be reached. A formal word used in forms like 「暫定的な処置」「暫定政権」.
AI-generated translation
N1
惨敗
ざんぱい
A word indicating a crushing defeat in a match, election, or battle where one is utterly unable to compete with the opponent. Used for losses with a large margin. Used in forms like 「選挙で惨敗する」「試合で惨敗する」.
AI-generated translation
N1
賛美
さんび
A word indicating the act of strongly praising in words a person, action, or work. A formal word used for evaluations of art or achievements. Used in forms like 「神を賛美する」「偉業を賛美する」.
AI-generated translation
N1
三昧
ざんまい
A word describing the state of being completely absorbed in a single activity. Mostly used as a suffix to other words, as in 「読書三昧」「ぜいたく三昧」, expressing devotion to something one enjoys. It is read 「ざんまい」, beginning with a voiced sound.
AI-generated translation
N1
散漫
さんまん
A word indicating a state in which one's attention and focus go in many directions and cannot concentrate on a single thing. Used in forms like 「注意力が散漫になる」「散漫な文章」.
AI-generated translation
N4
市
し
city. An administrative division larger than a town. Example: 「大阪市」 (Osaka City). The same 「市」 read as 「いち」 is a different word referring to an event where people gather on set days to buy and sell goods.
AI-generated translation
N4
字
じ
character. A shape written to represent language. Hiragana, katakana, kanji, etc.
AI-generated translation
N4
試合
しあい
In sports, to compete against an opponent to decide who wins or loses.
AI-generated translation
N1
思案
しあん
Turning something over in one's mind, unable to decide what to do. Used as in 「思案にくれる」「思案の末」, in contexts of wracking one's brain to find a solution.
AI-generated translation
N1
強いる
しいる
To ignore the other person's feelings and force them to do something. Used in expressions like 「がまんを強いる」, it is used when imposing something unpleasant or burdensome on someone.
AI-generated translation
N1
仕掛け
しかけ
A device contrived for a specific purpose, or a mechanism designed to surprise or entertain people. Used in forms like 「仕掛けを施す」「大がかりな仕掛け」.
AI-generated translation
N4
仕方
しかた
A method for doing something. Similar to 「作り方」 (how to make). 「しかたがない」 means there is no other way.
AI-generated translation
N4
叱る
しかる
To sternly warn a person who has done something wrong.
AI-generated translation
N1
然るべき
しかるべき
A prenominal expression meaning suitable for the situation, or naturally expected. A stiff expression used in official or formal contexts to mean "appropriate measures," as in 「然るべき対応」 and 「然るべき措置」. Also often written in hiragana as 「しかるべき」.
AI-generated translation
N1, N2
色彩
しきさい
(1) Color; a hue. 「鮮やかな色彩」. (2) A quality or tendency that something has. 「政治的色彩が強い」.
AI-generated translation
N1
直訴
じきそ
The act of skipping formal procedures and appealing directly to a person in a higher position. Used in forms like 「社長に直訴する」. Here the character 「直」 is read 「ジキ」, not 「チョク」.
AI-generated translation
N1
しきたり
しきたり
A custom that has been carried on from long ago in a region, family, or organization. Used in forms like 「村のしきたりを守る」「古いしきたり」.
AI-generated translation
N1
仕切る
しきる
The act of taking charge of and managing the proceedings of a setting. It also means to partition a space. Used in forms like 「会議を仕切る」「部屋を仕切る」.
AI-generated translation
N1
茂る
しげる
For the leaves and branches of grass or trees to grow vigorously and become abundant.
AI-generated translation
N4
試験
しけん
A set of questions used to check whether one understands or can do something.
AI-generated translation
N4
事故
じこ
An unexpected, bad event caused by a car or machine, etc.
AI-generated translation
N1
志向
しこう
The act of directing one's awareness and moving toward a certain goal or direction. Often attached to nouns in the form 「〜志向」, as in 「健康志向」「本物志向」.
AI-generated translation
N1
試行錯誤
しこうさくご
A four-character idiom meaning to find a solution through repeated trial and error. Used as in 「試行錯誤を繰り返す」「試行錯誤の末」.
AI-generated translation
N1
施策
しさく
Specific policies or measures carried out by the government or local authorities. Used in forms like 「新たな施策を打ち出す」. It is read 「しさく」, not 「せさく」.
AI-generated translation
N1
思索
しさく
The act of reflecting deeply on the essence or principles of things. It refers to philosophical or abstract thinking. Used in forms like 「思索にふける」.
AI-generated translation
N1
師事
しじ
The act of looking up to a particular person as a master and receiving their teachings. Used in forms like 「〇〇氏に師事する」, expressing a relationship of learning directly from a specific master.
AI-generated translation
N1
資質
ししつ
Qualities and abilities one is born with. Used in forms like 「指導者としての資質」「資質に恵まれる」, often referring to the aptitudes needed for a certain role.
AI-generated translation
N4
地震
じしん
earthquake. The shaking of the ground.
AI-generated translation
N1, N2
沈める
しずめる
To make something sink to a lower place, such as under water. 「沈める」 is used when a person or a force pushes something down, and 「沈む」 when something goes down of its own accord: 「船を沈める」 versus 「船が沈む」.
AI-generated translation
N4
舌
した
tongue. The part inside the mouth that senses taste and moves when speaking. It is used as in 「舌をやけどする」.
AI-generated translation
N4, N5
下
した
A state of being in a lower place. Example: 「テーブルの下」 (under the table). The antonym is 「上」 (above).
AI-generated translation
N2, N4
時代
じだい
era. A period within history. Example: 「江戸時代」 (the Edo period). Also used to mean the present time, as in 「今の時代」 (the present day).
AI-generated translation
N1
慕う
したう
To long for someone and want to be close to them or follow them. It is used both for a person one respects and for a person one feels fond of and close to.
AI-generated translation
N4
下着
したぎ
underwear. Clothing worn close to the skin, under one's outer clothes.
AI-generated translation
N4
しっかり
しっかり
A strong, reliable manner. Example: 「しっかりつかまる」 (to hold on tight). Also used to mean being serious and proper.
AI-generated translation
N1
疾患
しっかん
A disease or illness. Particularly used as a medical term. Used in forms like 「心臓疾患」「生活習慣病などの疾患」. It is read 「しっかん」, with a small 「っ」, not 「しつかん」.
AI-generated translation
N1
執行
しっこう
The act of actually carrying out what has been decided. Used in forms like 「予算を執行する」「刑を執行する」. It is read 「しっこう」, with a small 「っ」, not 「しゅうこう」.
AI-generated translation
N1
疾走
しっそう
The act of running at a very high speed. Used in forms like 「馬が草原を疾走する」「全力疾走」. It is read 「しっそう」, with a small 「っ」, not 「しつそう」.
AI-generated translation
N1
嫉妬
しっと
The act of envying and feeling resentment toward another's happiness or superior qualities. Used in forms like 「友人の成功に嫉妬する」.
AI-generated translation
N4
失敗
しっぱい
failure. For something one tried to do to not go well.
AI-generated translation
N4
辞典
じてん
dictionary. A book explaining the meanings of words.
AI-generated translation
N1
萎びる
しなびる
For moisture to be lost, tautness to disappear, and something to wrinkle and shrivel up. It is used to describe vegetables, plants, or flowers that have become old.
AI-generated translation
N4
品物
しなもの
Something that is sold or bought. Merchandise.
AI-generated translation
N1
しなやか
しなやか
To be elastic, bend easily, and not break easily. It is also used to describe body movements that are soft and smooth.
AI-generated translation
N1
指南
しなん
The act of teaching and guiding technique in martial arts or traditional arts. Used in forms like 「剣術を指南する」「指南役」.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.