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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
Search words across all levels
4,238words (N1–N5 total)
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Filtered by N1・N3
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N1
中傷
ちゅうしょう
Saying things without basis and damaging another's honor. A formal word used in expressions such as 「他人を中傷する」「根拠のない中傷」 in contexts of attacking people with malicious words or rumors.
AI-generated translation
N3
中心
ちゅうしん
The middle. Example: 「円の中心」 (the center of a circle). While 「中央」 refers to the physical middle of a place, 「中心」 is also broadly used for the most important part or person in something, as in 「チームの中心」 (the core of a team).
AI-generated translation
N1
中枢
ちゅうすう
The central part of an organization or system that carries out the most important functions. A formal word used in expressions such as 「政権の中枢」「中枢を担う」 to indicate the core that runs the whole.
AI-generated translation
N1
躊躇
ちゅうちょ
Hesitating when about to do something. A formal word used to express an undecided or hesitant feeling, as in 「決断を躊躇する」「躊躇なく飛び込む」.
AI-generated translation
N1
駐屯
ちゅうとん
A military unit being stationed in a fixed location to carry out duties. A formal word used in military and news contexts, as in 「駐屯地」「部隊が駐屯する」.
AI-generated translation
N1
超越
ちょうえつ
Greatly exceeding the ordinary range or limits. A formal word used in expressions such as 「理解を超越する」「常識を超越した発想」 in contexts of going far beyond something.
AI-generated translation
N1
超過
ちょうか
Exceeding a set number, amount, or time. A formal word used in expressions such as 「予算を超過する」「制限時間を超過する」 in contexts of going beyond a standard limit.
AI-generated translation
N1
帳消し
ちょうけし
Debts, achievements, or efforts up to that point being completely erased. Used in expressions such as 「借金を帳消しにする」「努力が帳消しになる」.
AI-generated translation
N1
兆候
ちょうこう
A sign foreshadowing something or indicating its beginning. A formal word used in expressions such as 「回復の兆候」「異常な兆候」 indicating the precursor of change. Also frequently appears in medical and economic articles.
AI-generated translation
N3
調査
ちょうさ
To investigate something in order to clarify the actual state of affairs. Example: 「アンケート調査」 (a questionnaire survey).
AI-generated translation
N1
弔辞
ちょうじ
Words of farewell read aloud to the deceased at a funeral or memorial service. Used as in 「弔辞を述べる」「弔辞を読む」「弔辞を捧げる」, it is a formal word, read by someone representing the attendees or by a person close to the deceased. The character 「弔」 means to mourn the dead, and 「辞」 means words; together they express "words spoken in mourning for the dead." Words containing the same character 「弔」, such as 「弔問」「弔電」「哀弔」, all share the meaning of mourning the deceased.
AI-generated translation
N2, N3
調子
ちょうし
The condition or state of one's body or a machine, etc. Example: 「体の調子がいい」 (feeling well physically). There is also the expression 「調子に乗る」 (to get carried away when things go well).
AI-generated translation
N1
聴衆
ちょうしゅう
People gathered to listen to a talk or performance at lectures or concerts. A formal word used in expressions such as 「聴衆を前に話す」「大勢の聴衆」 referring to the listening side seen from the speaker or performer.
AI-generated translation
N1
徴収
ちょうしゅう
Collecting taxes or membership fees according to rules. A formal word used in expressions such as 「会費を徴収する」「税を徴収する」 in contexts of organizations or nations collecting money from people.
AI-generated translation
N1
嘲笑
ちょうしょう
Laughing at and mocking another person. A formal word used in expressions such as 「嘲笑を浴びる」「嘲笑する」 in contexts of laughing while looking down on the other party.
AI-generated translation
N3
頂上
ちょうじょう
summit. The very top of a mountain. Example: 「富士山の頂上」 (the summit of Mt. Fuji).
AI-generated translation
N1
長蛇
ちょうだ
A word describing the appearance of a line stretching out like a long snake. As an idiomatic expression, it is used almost exclusively in the form 「長蛇の列」 to describe situations where queues of people or cars stretch on at great length. Used as in 「長蛇の列ができる」「長蛇の列に並ぶ」. While it literally means "a long snake" and is rarely used to refer to an actual long snake as a creature, in modern Japanese the word survives almost entirely within the idiom.
AI-generated translation
N1
挑発
ちょうはつ
Provoking the other party to make them angry or draw them into a dispute. A formal word used in expressions such as 「相手を挑発する」「挑発に乗る」 in contexts of intentionally stirring up the other side.
AI-generated translation
N1
重宝
ちょうほう
The quality of being convenient and useful, or the feeling that something is so handy one cannot do without it. Used as in 「この道具は重宝している」「冬場はこのコートを重宝する」「小さくて重宝な財布」, it is generally used in the verb form 「重宝する／している」 or the na-adjective form 「重宝な」. Originally a word meaning "a precious treasure," with 「重」 meaning "valuable, important" and 「宝」 meaning "treasure," it derived its modern sense of "convenient and useful" from the feeling of being unable to part with something cherished like a treasure.
AI-generated translation
N1
眺望
ちょうぼう
The scenery seen widely and far when looking from a high place. A formal word used in expressions such as 「眺望が良い」「眺望が開ける」 in introductions of hotels, mountain climbing, or real estate.
AI-generated translation
N1
弔問
ちょうもん
Visiting the home of the deceased and offering condolences. A formal word used in expressions such as 「弔問に訪れる」「弔問客」 in funeral contexts.
AI-generated translation
N1
跳躍
ちょうやく
The action of leaping the body high or far. A formal word used in expressions such as 「跳躍力」「跳躍競技」 in topics of track and field or physical education.
AI-generated translation
N1
朝令暮改
ちょうれいぼかい
Policies changing constantly and being unreliable, as if an order issued in the morning has already changed by evening. A formal four-character idiom used critically, as in 「朝令暮改の政策」.
AI-generated translation
N3
貯金
ちょきん
savings. To save up money. Also, the money saved. Example: 「毎月1万円貯金する」 (to save 10,000 yen every month). The word 「預金」 is also used for depositing money in a bank.
AI-generated translation
N3
直接
ちょくせつ
directly. Without anything in between, firsthand. Example: 「本人に直接話す」 (to talk directly to the person). The antonym is 「間接」 (indirectly).
AI-generated translation
N1
直結
ちょっけつ
Two things being directly connected with nothing in between. Used in expressions such as 「成果に直結する」「健康に直結する」 in contexts where cause and effect are strongly linked.
AI-generated translation
N1
ちらほら
ちらほら
An adverb describing the state of appearing or occurring here and there in small amounts. Used in expressions such as 「ちらほら咲き始める」「ちらほら見かける」 to describe a state of being few and scattered.
AI-generated translation
N3
治療
ちりょう
treatment. To take care of an illness or injury in order to cure it. Example: 「歯の治療」 (dental treatment).
AI-generated translation
N1
鎮圧
ちんあつ
Suppressing a riot or rebellion by force and calming it down. A formal word used in expressions such as 「暴動を鎮圧する」「反乱を鎮圧する」 in contexts of police or military stopping turmoil. Used as a sa-hen verb.
AI-generated translation
N1
鎮静
ちんせい
A disturbance, agitation, or pain calming down and becoming quiet. A formal word used in expressions such as 「事態が鎮静化する」「鎮静剤」 in contexts of an aroused state becoming calm.
AI-generated translation
N1
沈殿
ちんでん
Dirt or components in a liquid sinking and settling at the bottom. Used in expressions such as 「不純物が沈殿する」「沈殿物」. A formal word often seen in chemistry and natural science contexts.
AI-generated translation
N3
追加
ついか
To add something later. Example: 「注文を追加する」 (to add to an order).
AI-generated translation
N1
追従
ついしょう
Read as 「ついしょう」, it means to flatter and curry favor by ingratiating oneself with others. Used as in 「追従笑い」「追従を言う」「追従的な態度」, it is a formal word that critically describes the act of bending one's true feelings to be liked by others. The character 「追」 means to chase, and 「従」 means to follow; together they form the meaning of "complying entirely with the other party's wishes." Note that 「追従」 is also read as 「ついじゅう」, in which case it is a different word meaning "to follow after" or "to follow precedent."
AI-generated translation
N1
追伸
ついしん
A sentence written in addition after finishing the main body of a letter or email. Used in writing that begins with 「追伸」 or in the form 「追伸として」 to add supplementary content to the main text.
AI-generated translation
N1
追随
ついずい
Following behind another person or organization and acting in the same way. Used in contexts of following what comes before, as in 「他社の追随を許さない」「大国に追随する」.
AI-generated translation
N1
追悼
ついとう
Mourning and grieving for the deceased. A formal word used in expressions such as 「追悼する」「追悼式」「追悼の意を表す」 in contexts of expressing sorrow with respect for the dead.
AI-generated translation
N3
遂に
ついに
finally. At last, after a long time or various developments. 「遂に完成した」. When used with a negative form, it means that although one waited or searched, it never came about in the end. 「待っていたが遂に来なかった」「遂に見つからなかった」. Often written in hiragana as 「ついに」.
AI-generated translation
N1
追放
ついほう
Forcibly removing undesirable persons or things from a place or group. A formal word used in expressions such as 「国外追放」「業界から追放される」 in contexts of public or organizational exclusion.
AI-generated translation
N1
費やす
ついやす
Spending time, money, or effort. Used in expressions such as 「時間を費やす」「大金を費やす」 when consuming a significant amount.
AI-generated translation
N1
痛快
つうかい
A state of being so refreshing as to clear one's chest. Used in expressions such as 「痛快な勝利」「痛快な話」 in contexts of joy that releases pent-up frustration.
AI-generated translation
N3
通学
つうがく
To commute to school. Example: 「電車で通学する」 (to commute to school by train).
AI-generated translation
N3
通勤
つうきん
To commute to one's workplace. Example: 「通勤時間」 (commuting time).
AI-generated translation
N3
通行
つうこう
People or vehicles passing along a road. Example: 「通行止め」 (road closed), 「右側通行」 (keep to the right).
AI-generated translation
N3
通じる
つうじる
For a road, etc., to be connected so one can travel through. Example: 「この道は駅に通じている」 (this road leads to the station). Also used to mean that meaning or feeling is conveyed to the other person, as in 「日本語が通じる」 (Japanese is understood), 「話が通じない」 (the message doesn't get across).
AI-generated translation
N3
通信
つうしん
To exchange information by letter, phone, the internet, etc. Example: 「通信速度」 (communication speed).
AI-generated translation
N1
痛切
つうせつ
A state of feeling something strongly enough to sink into oneself. Used in expressions such as 「痛切に感じる」「痛切に思う」 in contexts of deeply feeling emotions such as regret, necessity, or sadness.
AI-generated translation
N1
通達
つうたつ
An official notice or instruction issued from a government office or upper organization to a lower one. A formal word used in expressions such as 「省からの通達」「通達を出す」 in contexts of formal or organizational hierarchical relationships.
AI-generated translation
N1
通念
つうねん
A way of thinking commonly shared in society. Mostly used in the form 「社会通念」, as in 「社会通念上」「通念に反する」, indicating a standard of judgment accepted as common sense.
AI-generated translation
N3
通訳
つうやく
To stand between people speaking different languages and translate on the spot. Also, the person who does this. Translating written text is called 「翻訳」 instead.
AI-generated translation
N1
痛烈
つうれつ
A state of being fierce and severe. Used in expressions such as 「痛烈な批判」「痛烈に非難する」 in contexts where attacks or criticism toward the other party are sharp and harsh.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.