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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,238words (N1–N5 total)
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Filtered by N1・N3
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N1
気苦労
きぐろう
「気」 means feeling, and 「苦労」 means hardship; together they refer to mental hardship. It refers to one's heart being worn out by attending to small details. Used in expressions like 「気苦労が絶えない」 or 「気苦労を重ねる」. It is a somewhat formal word describing exhaustion from human relationships and the weight of responsibility.
AI-generated translation
N1
帰結
きけつ
「帰」 means to return or arrive at, and 「結」 means to tie or to conclude; together they refer to the conclusion finally reached. It refers to the place a matter finally arrives at after debate and processes. Used in expressions like 「論理的帰結」 or 「必然の帰結」. It is a formal word for the conclusion of argument or discussion, frequently appearing in academic papers and criticism.
AI-generated translation
N3
気候
きこう
climate. The tendency of the weather in a certain place, seen over a long period. Example: 「温暖な気候」 (a warm climate), 「気候の変化」 (climate change). For the state of the sky over a short period, 「天気」 or 「天候」 is used instead.
AI-generated translation
N1
気心
きごころ
It refers to mutually understanding well the other person's way of thinking and personality. Used in expressions like 「気心の知れた仲」 or 「気心が知れる」, it is a somewhat formal word almost always used in combination with 「知れた」.
AI-generated translation
N1
気骨
きこつ
A strong spirit that does not bend its convictions. Used as「気骨のある人物」, expressing inner strength that yields to no one. The same kanji read as「きぼね」becomes a separate word meaning "hardship・worry."
AI-generated translation
N1
兆し
きざし
A small initial sign that something is about to happen. 「兆」 originally referred to the shape of cracks that appeared on a turtle's shell during divination, and from this it came to mean a foretoken of events. Used in expressions like 「春の兆し」 or 「回復の兆し」 to indicate the early signs of something that is about to begin.
AI-generated translation
N3
記事
きじ
article. Writing published in a newspaper, magazine, etc. Example: 「新聞記事」 (a newspaper article), 「記事を読む」 (to read an article).
AI-generated translation
N1
気質
きしつ
「気」 means temperament, and 「質」 means innate nature; together they refer to one's innate temperament. It refers to the disposition and mental tendency one is born with. Used in expressions like 「職人気質」 or 「学者気質」, it is a somewhat formal word for the character common to a particular group or occupation.
AI-generated translation
N3
記者
きしゃ
reporter. A person who gathers information and writes articles for a newspaper, TV, etc. Example: 「新聞記者」 (a newspaper reporter), 「記者会見」 (a press conference).
AI-generated translation
N3
傷
きず
A part of the skin or an object's surface that has been damaged by cutting or bumping into something. Example: 「傷が治る」 (a wound heals), 「机に傷がつく」 (a desk gets scratched). Also used to mean emotional hurt, as in 「心の傷」 (an emotional wound).
AI-generated translation
N1
既成
きせい
「既」 means already, and 「成」 means to come into being; together they mean already established. It refers to something that has already taken shape and become rooted in society. Used in expressions like 「既成概念」 or 「既成事実」, in combination with a following noun. It is a formal word used in contrast with what is new, frequently appearing in essays and criticism.
AI-generated translation
N1
帰属
きぞく
It refers to a person or thing belonging to the affiliation or possession of a particular organization or region. Used in expressions like 「○○に帰属する」 or 「帰属意識」. It is a formal word frequently appearing in legal, administrative, and organizational theory contexts.
AI-generated translation
N1
擬態
ぎたい
It refers to a living creature making its appearance similar to surrounding objects or other creatures. Used in expressions like 「擬態する」 or 「保護擬態」. It is a formal specialized term frequently appearing in biology contexts, indicating a survival strategy for protecting oneself from enemies.
AI-generated translation
N3
期待
きたい
expectation. To wait, counting on things turning out well. Example: 「活躍を期待する」 (to have high expectations for someone's performance), 「期待にこたえる」 (to live up to expectations).
AI-generated translation
N3
鍛える
きたえる
Originally a word meaning to make metal stronger by striking it. From this, it came to be used metaphorically for strengthening body and mind through training and practice. Used in expressions like 「体を鍛える」 or 「精神を鍛える」, it is a somewhat formal verb frequently appearing in martial arts, sports, and education in the sense of enhancing physical and mental abilities.
AI-generated translation
N3
帰宅
きたく
To return to one's own home. Example: 「帰宅時間」 (the time one gets home), 「まっすぐ帰宅する」 (to go straight home). More formal than 「帰る」.
AI-generated translation
N1
気立て
きだて
「気」 means feeling, and 「立て」 means manner of holding; together they refer to the way one holds one's feelings. It refers to the disposition and character one shows when relating to others. Used in expressions like 「気立てがよい」 or 「気立てがやさしい」, it is a somewhat formal word used in positive personality evaluation.
AI-generated translation
N1
忌憚
きたん
「忌」 means to be reserved or cautious, and 「憚」 means to hold back; the word combines two synonymous characters. It refers to holding back. It is mostly used in negative forms like 「忌憚のない意見」, as a fixed expression when wanting the other party to speak frankly. It is used in formal situations such as meetings and greetings.
AI-generated translation
N1
基調
きちょう
「基」 means foundation, and 「調」 means tone or rhythm; together they refer to the foundational tone. It refers to the basic tone or direction running through the whole. Used in expressions like 「基調講演」, 「基調を成す」, or 「青を基調とした」. It is a somewhat formal word used in broad fields including color, music, economic trends, and speeches.
AI-generated translation
N3
貴重
きちょう
precious. Being extremely important and valuable. Example: 「貴重な経験」 (a valuable experience), 「貴重品」 (valuables).
AI-generated translation
N3
議長
ぎちょう
chairperson. The person whose role is to run a meeting. Example: 「議長を務める」 (to serve as chairperson).
AI-generated translation
N1
喫緊
きっきん
「喫」 means to undergo or feel keenly, and 「緊」 means urgent; together they mean to feel urgency keenly upon oneself. It refers to being pressing and important. It is a fixed expression used in forms like 「喫緊の課題」 or 「喫緊の問題」. It is a formal word frequently appearing in political, economic, and administrative documents, referring to matters that must be dealt with immediately.
AI-generated translation
N1
詰問
きつもん
「詰」 means to press in or to corner, and 「問」 means to ask; together they mean to press in and ask. It refers to severely questioning someone in a reproachful manner. Used in expressions like 「詰問する」 or 「詰問を受ける」. Unlike simply asking a question, it is a formal word with a nuance of pressing the other party.
AI-generated translation
N1
既定
きてい
「既」 means already, and 「定」 means to determine; together they mean already determined. It refers to something already decided. Used in expressions like 「既定路線」 or 「既定の方針」, in combination with a following noun. It is a formal word frequently appearing in meetings and administrative documents, indicating that there is no room for change.
AI-generated translation
N1
既得
きとく
It refers to having already obtained something as one's own. Used in expressions like 「既得権」 or 「既得権益」, it is used in combination with a following noun, and is a formal word frequently appearing in political and economic contexts.
AI-generated translation
N1, N2
気の毒
きのどく
Feeling sympathy for another person's misfortune or suffering. 気の毒に思う (feel sorry for someone). Also used for feeling apologetic about troubling someone (わざわざ来てもらって気の毒なことをした "I felt bad for making them come all this way").
AI-generated translation
N1
気迫
きはく
「気」 means vigor, and 「迫」 means pressing in or pressing momentum; together they refer to vigor that presses upon the other party. It refers to a feeling so strong that it overwhelms others. It is a somewhat formal word for momentum in competitive or performance contexts, as in 「気迫がこもる」 or 「気迫に満ちた演技」.
AI-generated translation
N1
忌避
きひ
「忌」 means to abhor, and 「避」 means to avoid; together they mean to avoid out of dislike. Used in expressions like 「責任を忌避する」 or 「裁判官を忌避する」. It is a formal word often used in legal and social-system contexts.
AI-generated translation
N1
気品
きひん
「気」 means atmosphere, and 「品」 means dignity; together they refer to dignity that naturally emanates. It refers to the elegance that naturally emanates from one's appearance or attitude. It is a somewhat formal word used positively for people, gestures, and artworks, as in 「気品がある」 or 「気品にあふれる」.
AI-generated translation
N3
希望
きぼう
hope. To wish for things to turn out a certain way. That wish. Example: 「希望を持つ」 (to have hope), 「希望の大学」 (a desired university). The antonym is 「絶望」 (despair).
AI-generated translation
N3
基本
きほん
basics. The most fundamental, important part of something. Example: 「基本を身につける」 (to master the basics), 「基本的な考え方」 (a basic way of thinking).
AI-generated translation
N3
決まり
きまり
A rule that one is supposed to follow. Example: 「決まりを守る」 (to follow the rules). There is also 「決まり文句」 (a stock phrase always used the same way) and 「決まりが悪い」 (to feel embarrassed).
AI-generated translation
N1
欺瞞
ぎまん
To deceive and trick someone. Used in expressions like 「欺瞞に満ちた」, it is often said to strongly criticize an attitude of covering something up with a false appearance.
AI-generated translation
N3
奇妙
きみょう
strange. A puzzling state that would not normally be expected. Example: 「奇妙な音」 (a strange sound), 「奇妙な話」 (a strange story).
AI-generated translation
N3
義務
ぎむ
obligation. Something that has been decided must be done. Example: 「義務を果たす」 (to fulfill an obligation), 「義務教育」 (compulsory education). The antonym is 「権利」 (right).
AI-generated translation
N1
肝煎り
きもいり
「肝」 means liver, here as a metaphor for enthusiasm and concern, and 「煎り」 means to roast; together they convey caring for something to the point of putting one's heart into it as if roasting it. It refers to an influential person actively taking care and putting in effort to realize something. Used in expressions like 「社長の肝煎りで始まったプロジェクト」, it is a formal expression indicating the existence of a backer, used in business and political contexts.
AI-generated translation
N3
疑問
ぎもん
To wonder whether something is really true, or why it is so. Example: 「疑問を持つ」 (to have a question/doubt), 「疑問に思う」 (to wonder), 「疑問点」 (a point of doubt).
AI-generated translation
N3
逆
ぎゃく
reverse. Order or direction being opposite. Example: 「逆の方向」 (the opposite direction), 「順番が逆だ」 (the order is reversed). In the form 「逆に」, it means "on the contrary/conversely."
AI-generated translation
N1
逆境
ぎゃっきょう
「逆」 means contrary, and 「境」 means boundary or situation; together they refer to a situation that goes against one's wishes. It refers to an unfortunate situation or hard environment in which things do not go as one wishes. Used in expressions like 「逆境に立ち向かう」 or 「逆境を乗り越える」. It is a somewhat formal word frequently appearing when speaking of figures who face difficulties.
AI-generated translation
N3
休暇
きゅうか
vacation. An extended period of time off from a company or school. Example: 「夏季休暇」 (summer vacation), 「休暇を取る」 (to take time off). More formal than 「休み」.
AI-generated translation
N3
休憩
きゅうけい
break. To stop work or exercise for a short while and rest. Example: 「10分休憩する」 (to take a 10-minute break), 「休憩時間」 (break time).
AI-generated translation
N3
急激
きゅうげき
A state in which change is sudden and intense. Example: 「急激な変化」 (a sudden change), 「気温が急激に下がる」 (the temperature drops sharply).
AI-generated translation
N3
吸収
きゅうしゅう
absorption. To soak up moisture, etc. Example: 「スポンジが水を吸収する」 (a sponge absorbs water). Also used to mean taking in and making something one's own, as in 「知識を吸収する」 (to absorb knowledge).
AI-generated translation
N3
救助
きゅうじょ
rescue. To help a person who is in a dangerous situation. Example: 「人命救助」 (lifesaving), 「救助隊」 (rescue team).
AI-generated translation
N1
窮する
きゅうする
「窮」 means to come to an end or to reach a dead end. It refers to being stuck in a matter and struggling to know how to respond. Used in expressions like 「答えに窮する」 or 「返答に窮する」. It is also used for money or livelihood becoming unsustainable, as in 「生活に窮する」 or 「資金に窮する」. A formal verb that often takes a fixed set of objects.
AI-generated translation
N3
急速
きゅうそく
rapid. A state of advancing very quickly. Example: 「急速に発展する」 (to develop rapidly), 「急速な変化」 (a rapid change).
AI-generated translation
N1
旧態
きゅうたい
「旧」 means old, and 「態」 means appearance or condition; together they refer to a state that remains as old as ever. It refers to an old state that has not progressed at all from the past. Almost always used in the form 「旧態依然」, it is a formal word critically referring to an unchanged old constitution.
AI-generated translation
N1
窮地
きゅうち
「窮」 means to come to an end or be cornered, and 「地」 means place; together they refer to a situation of being cornered. It refers to a painful situation in which there is no way out and one is driven to the wall. Used in expressions like 「窮地に陥る」 or 「窮地を脱する」. It is a formal word frequently appearing in contexts of being cornered, in politics, economy, and sports.
AI-generated translation
N1
旧知
きゅうち
「旧」 means old, and 「知」 means an acquaintance; together they refer to an acquaintance from long ago. It refers to a person whom one has known for a long time. Used in expressions like 「旧知の仲」 or 「旧知の友」. It is a somewhat formal word for a longtime acquaintance in formal contexts, often used in writing.
AI-generated translation
N1
急騰
きゅうとう
「急」 means sudden, and 「騰」 means to leap up; the latter character originally depicted a horse rearing up. Because it means to suddenly leap up, the word refers to prices or numerical values rising sharply and suddenly. Used in expressions like 「株価が急騰する」 or 「物価が急騰する」. It is a formal word frequently appearing in economic news, referring to sudden upward change.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.