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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,238words (N1–N5 total)
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Filtered by N1・N3
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N3
歌手
かしゅ
singer. A person whose job is singing songs. Example: 「人気歌手」 (a popular singer).
AI-generated translation
N1
寡少
かしょう
「寡」 means few, and 「少」 means few; the word combines two synonymous characters. It refers to a number or amount that is extremely small. Used in expressions like 「寡少な資源」, it is a formal word used in contexts that emphasize being limited.
AI-generated translation
N3
数
かず
number. Something that shows how many of something there are. Example: 「数が多い」 (a large number). The reading changes to 「かぞ(える)」 and 「すう」 in words like 「数える」 (to count) and 「数字」 (a numeral/figure).
AI-generated translation
N3, N5
貸す
かす
lend. To let someone use one's own thing for a certain time. The opposite, using someone else's thing, is 「かりる」 (to borrow).
AI-generated translation
N1
霞む
かすむ
It refers to distant scenery looking blurry due to mist or haze. Used in expressions like 「山が霞む」 or 「目が霞む」, it expresses a state in which vision is not clear. By metaphor it is also used in the sense of becoming inconspicuous, as in 「主役が霞む」.
AI-generated translation
N1
かすめる
かすめる
It refers to passing by very close to the side of something, or lightly touching it. Used in expressions like 「鳥が水面をかすめる」 or 「ボールが頬をかすめる」, in situations of light contact.
AI-generated translation
N3
稼ぐ
かせぐ
earn. To obtain money by working. Example: 「生活費を稼ぐ」 (to earn living expenses). Also used to mean gaining a favorable state, as in 「時間を稼ぐ」 (to buy time).
AI-generated translation
N1
寡占
かせん
「寡」 means few, and 「占」 means to occupy; together they mean a few occupying things in a dominant manner. It refers to a state in which a small number of companies control most of a market. It is a specialized term used in economic articles in forms like 「寡占市場」 or 「寡占状態」. It refers to a situation with more participating companies than 「独占」(monopoly).
AI-generated translation
N3
数える
かぞえる
count. To check how many there are of something. Example: 「人数を数える」 (to count the number of people), 「指を折って数える」 (to count on one's fingers).
AI-generated translation
N3
肩
かた
shoulder. The part of the body at the base of the arm, beside the neck. Example: 「肩をたたく」 (to tap someone's shoulder), 「肩がこる」 (to have stiff shoulders). There is also the expression 「肩を持つ」 (to take someone's side).
AI-generated translation
N1
頑な
かたくな
A manner of not changing one's own views and not accepting others' opinions. Used in expressions like 「頑なに拒む」 or 「頑なな態度」, in situations of closing one's heart and not yielding. It often carries a slightly negative evaluation.
AI-generated translation
N1
固唾
かたず
It refers to saliva that gathers in the mouth when one tenses up and holds one's breath. It is mostly used in the form 「固唾を呑む」 as a set phrase expressing the manner of watching tensely with concern over the outcome.
AI-generated translation
N3
刀
かたな
sword. A long, thin blade used by samurai in the past. Example: 「日本刀」 (a Japanese sword).
AI-generated translation
N1
語り継ぐ
かたりつぐ
It refers to continuing to tell and pass on a story or experience to later generations. Used in expressions like 「先人の知恵を語り継ぐ」 or 「地域の伝統を語り継ぐ」, in situations of passing things down orally across generations.
AI-generated translation
N3
語る
かたる
To tell a story to someone by speaking. Example: 「体験を語る」 (to talk about one's experience), 「夢を語る」 (to talk about one's dreams). More formal than 「話す」, used when conveying a coherent story carefully.
AI-generated translation
N1
傍ら
かたわら
Right beside, the area at the side. It also refers to doing another thing simultaneously while engaged in some activity. Used in expressions like 「母の傍らに座る」 or 「仕事の傍ら執筆する」.
AI-generated translation
N1
荷担
かたん
The character 「荷」 means luggage and 「担」 means to carry on the shoulder; the original meaning is to help someone carry their load. From this, the word came to express joining in and assisting with an action. Used in expressions like 「犯罪に荷担する」 or 「不正に荷担する」, it is mostly applied to involvement in undesirable acts.
AI-generated translation
N3
価値
かち
value. The worth or importance a thing has. Example: 「価値がある」 (to have value), 「読む価値のある本」 (a book worth reading). 「価値観」 (values/one's sense of what matters) is also commonly used.
AI-generated translation
N3
活気
かっき
liveliness. A vibrant, energetic feeling. Example: 「活気のある市場」 (a lively market), 「活気にあふれる」 (overflowing with vitality).
AI-generated translation
N3
学期
がっき
semester. A period into which a school's year is divided. Example: 「新学期」 (a new semester), 「学期末テスト」 (an end-of-term exam).
AI-generated translation
N1
活況
かっきょう
「活」 means lively, and 「況」 means state; together they refer to a lively state. It refers to a state in which business or markets are bustling and energetic. Used in expressions like 「市場が活況を呈する」 or 「活況を示す」, in economic articles describing favorable conditions.
AI-generated translation
N1
喝采
かっさい
A word expressing praise through applause or cheers. Used in scenes depicting audience acclaim, as in「喝采を浴びる」「拍手喝采」.
AI-generated translation
N1
合戦
かっせん
The act of engaging in battle. In ancient times it referred to warfare; in modern usage it expresses competitive events such as「歌合戦」「雪合戦」. In this「〜合戦」form the reading becomes voiced as「がっせん」, distinguished from「かっせん」, the reading used when the word stands alone.
AI-generated translation
N1
葛藤
かっとう
「葛」 means kudzu, and 「藤」 means wisteria; both are names of climbing plants. From the image of vines becoming complexly entangled, the word came to refer to opposing feelings struggling within one's heart. Used in expressions like 「葛藤を抱える」 or 「内心の葛藤」, it expresses being torn between choices or emotions. By metaphor, it is also used for conflict in human relationships.
AI-generated translation
N3
活動
かつどう
activity. To move actively with a purpose. Example: 「クラブ活動」 (club activities), 「火山活動」 (volcanic activity).
AI-generated translation
N1
渇望
かつぼう
It refers to strongly desiring something, like a thirsty person craving water. Used in expressions like 「平和を渇望する」 or 「自由を渇望する」, it is a formal word for an earnest yearning.
AI-generated translation
N2〜N4
家庭
かてい
The place where family members, such as parents and children, live together. Example: 「家庭で作る料理」 (home-cooked food).
AI-generated translation
N1
過渡期
かとき
「過」 means to pass by, 「渡」 means to cross over, and 「期」 means period; together they refer to a period during which one is crossing over. It refers to the period during which something transitions from an old state to a new one. Used in expressions like 「過渡期にある産業」, it expresses an unstable transitional stage. It is used when speaking about phases of society, technology, or life.
AI-generated translation
N1
家督
かとく
「家」 means household, and 「督」 means to oversee or direct; together they refer to the position of the one who oversees the household. It refers to the position and property of the head of a household. In the former family system, it was what the heir of the household inherited. Used in expressions like 「家督を継ぐ」, it is used in historical novels and stories of old families.
AI-generated translation
N3
悲しむ
かなしむ
grieve. To feel sad. Example: 「別れを悲しむ」 (to grieve over a parting). The antonym is 「喜ぶ」 (to be glad). The adjective form is 「悲しい」.
AI-generated translation
N3
可能
かのう
possible. Being able to do something. Example: 「実現可能な計画」 (a feasible plan), 「予約が可能だ」 (booking is possible). The antonym is 「不可能」 (impossible).
AI-generated translation
N3
株
かぶ
The original meaning is the base of a cut tree that remains in the ground (切り株, stump). From this, it is widely used to mean the rights of someone who has invested in a company. Example: 「株を買う」 (to buy stock), 「株が上がる」 (stock rises). Also appears in the expression 「お株をうばう」 (to outdo someone at their own specialty).
AI-generated translation
N3
被る
かぶる
To put something like a hat on one's head. Example: 「帽子を被る」 (to wear a hat). Also used to mean receiving something from above, as in 「水を被る」 (to be doused with water), or to mean taking on someone else's responsibility, as in 「罪を被る」 (to take the blame). Often written in hiragana.
AI-generated translation
N1
寡聞
かぶん
「寡」 means few, and 「聞」 means to hear or one's experience; together they mean to have little experience of seeing or hearing. It is mostly used in the form 「寡聞にして〜知らない」, as a fixed expression for humbly speaking about one's own lack of knowledge.
AI-generated translation
N3
構う
かまう
To pay attention to and take care of someone. 「子どもを構う」. It is also used to mean paying attention to something, and in this case the negative form is usual: 「身なりに構わない」 means not paying attention to one's clothes or appearance, and 「なりふり構わず」 means without caring how one looks. In the form 「構わない」 it means "not minding; no problem," and this usage is more common (「遅れても構いません」).
AI-generated translation
N3
我慢
がまん
To hold back something painful or a desire, and endure it. Example: 「痛みを我慢する」 (to bear the pain), 「トイレを我慢する」 (to hold in the urge to use the bathroom).
AI-generated translation
N1
噛み締める
かみしめる
Means to bite down hard. Also used figuratively to mean savoring and deeply feeling the significance of something or an emotion, often in emotional scenes such as 「喜びを噛み締める」 and 「幸せを噛み締める」. Also often written in hiragana as 「かみしめる」.
AI-generated translation
N1
上手
かみて
The upper side of a stage or river. On a stage it means the right side as seen from the audience; on a river it means the side the water flows from. Used as in "川の上手" or "上手から登場する". The opposite side is "下手（しもて）". The same "上手" read as "じょうず" means being good at something, and read as "うわて" means being superior to the other party; each is a separate word.
AI-generated translation
N3
雷
かみなり
thunder. Electricity running through the sky, producing a loud sound and light. Example: 「雷が鳴る」 (thunder rumbles), 「雷が落ちる」 (lightning strikes). There is also the expression 「親に雷を落とされた」 (to be severely scolded by a parent).
AI-generated translation
N3
かむ
かむ
bite. To hold or crush something between the upper and lower teeth. Example: 「ガムをかむ」 (to chew gum), 「よくかんで食べる」 (to chew well while eating), 「犬にかまれる」 (to be bitten by a dog). Written with the kanji 「噛む」, but since this kanji is not used in daily life, it is usually written in hiragana.
AI-generated translation
N1
寡黙
かもく
「寡」 means few, and 「黙」 means silent; together they mean few in words and prone to silence. It describes the manner of rarely opening one's mouth and speaking only when necessary. Used in expressions like 「寡黙な人」 or 「寡黙に働く」, it is often used positively to depict a calm and composed character.
AI-generated translation
N1
柄
がら
A pattern appearing on the surface of cloth, paper, and the like. Used as in「花柄」「柄物のシャツ」. It also expresses personality, dignity, or the nature of things, used in idioms and compounds that express the nature inherent to a person or thing, as in「柄が悪い」「柄にもない」「人柄」「家柄」.
AI-generated translation
N3
空
から
empty. The state of having nothing inside. Used as in "箱を空にする" (to empty a box) or "空の容器" (an empty container). It is often written in kana as "から". The same "空" read as "そら" is a different word meaning the sky spreading overhead.
AI-generated translation
N3, N5
借りる
かりる
borrow. To use someone else's thing for a certain time. The antonym is 「貸す」 (to lend).
AI-generated translation
N3
刈る
かる
mow. To trim grass, hair, etc., using a tool. Example: 「芝生を刈る」 (to mow the lawn), 「髪を刈る」 (to cut one's hair), 「稲を刈る」 (to harvest rice).
AI-generated translation
N3, N5
軽い
かるい
A state not requiring strength to lift. Example: 「軽いかばん」 (a light bag). The antonym is 「重い」 (heavy).
AI-generated translation
N3
枯れる
かれる
wither. For grass or trees to lose moisture and die. Example: 「花が枯れる」 (a flower withers). Also used to mean losing richness, as in 「枯れた声」 (a dry, worn voice).
AI-generated translation
N1
辛うじて
かろうじて
The manner of barely managing to come about, in a hair's-breadth state. Used in expressions like 「辛うじて間に合う」 or 「辛うじて合格する」, it is an adverb expressing a result that came about by a narrow margin.
AI-generated translation
N3
乾く
かわく
For moisture to disappear from something. Example: 「洗濯物が乾く」 (laundry dries), 「ペンキが乾く」 (paint dries). The homophone 「渇く」 refers to wanting water in one's throat, and is written differently. The antonym is 「濡れる」 (to get wet).
AI-generated translation
N3
渇く
かわく
For one's throat to want moisture. Example: 「のどが渇く」 (to be thirsty). The homophone 「乾く」 refers to moisture disappearing from an object (e.g. 「洗濯物が乾く」, laundry drying), and is written differently.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.