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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,238words (N1–N5 total)
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N1
自惚れ
うぬぼれ
Evaluating one's own ability or charm higher than it actually is and becoming self-satisfied. Used as in 「自惚れが強い」 or 「自惚れにすぎない」, referring to a state seen from others as overconfidence. A word with a somewhat negative implication.
AI-generated translation
N1
うねる
うねる
A state in which waves, roads, or bodies continue while bending and curving in large undulations. Used as in 「大波がうねる」 or 「山道がうねる」. Expresses a state not of static straight lines but of continuous motion describing curves and rises and falls.
AI-generated translation
N1
鵜呑み
うのみ
「鵜」 (cormorant) is a bird that catches fish in its beak and swallows them whole without chewing. From this image comes the idiom expressing the act of believing someone's words or information as-is without proper verification. Used in the form 「鵜呑みにする」, it negatively describes an attitude of accepting things without scrutiny. Frequently appears in journalism, political, and educational contexts.
AI-generated translation
N3
奪う
うばう
To forcibly take another person's belongings. Example: 「財布を奪う」 (to steal a wallet), 「自由を奪う」 (to take away someone's freedom). Also used to mean being strongly captivated, as in 「心を奪われる」 (to have one's heart captured).
AI-generated translation
N1
産みの苦しみ
うみのくるしみ
Originally referred to the pain of childbirth. By extension, it is an idiom expressing the mental and physical hardship experienced in the process of creating something new. Used metaphorically for difficulties in situations of creating something from scratch, such as creative work or launching a business, as in 「新商品開発の産みの苦しみ」.
AI-generated translation
N1
有無
うむ
Existence and nonexistence. Used in scenes asking whether something exists, as in 「有無を確かめる」 or 「経験の有無」. Also used in the form 「有無を言わせず」 with the meaning of forcefully proceeding with something without obtaining the other party's consent.
AI-generated translation
N1
有無を言わさず
うむをいわさず
To proceed with something unilaterally without giving the other party room to consent or make excuses. Used in expressions like 「有無を言わさず連れて行く」, an idiom expressing forceful or coercive action. Used adverbially, frequently appearing in formal writing.
AI-generated translation
N1
埋め合わせ
うめあわせ
Making up for a deficiency, loss, or trouble caused, by some other form, in order to balance it out. Used as in 「損失の埋め合わせ」 or 「埋め合わせをする」 in scenes of filling in what is lacking later to restore equilibrium.
AI-generated translation
N1
埋め込む
うめこむ
Placing one thing firmly inside another and fixing it in place. Used as in 「床に配線を埋め込む」 or 「文章に引用を埋め込む」, both for physical installation and for inserting into documents or data.
AI-generated translation
N1, N2
埋もれる
うもれる
Being deeply hidden under or within something so as to be no longer visible, or one's talent or existence ending without being known to the world. Used as in 「雪に埋もれる」 or 「才能が埋もれる」, in both the physical sense of being covered and the sense of not being noticed.
AI-generated translation
N1
恭しい
うやうやしい
A state of taking an extremely polite and respectful attitude, with deep reverence toward the other party. Used as in 「恭しく頭を下げる」 or 「恭しい口調」. Frequently used in formal contexts with superiors or with deities and the Buddha.
AI-generated translation
N1
敬う
うやまう
Treating someone politely with feelings of respect toward superiors or distinguished people. Used as in 「師を敬う」 or 「先人を敬う」 in scenes of highly evaluating the character and achievements of the other party and showing courtesy.
AI-generated translation
N1
うやむや
うやむや
A state in which something is brought to an end without becoming clear, in an ambiguous manner. Used as in 「問題をうやむやにする」 or 「責任がうやむやになる」. Expresses a state of avoiding clear conclusions or resolution and finishing things off vaguely.
AI-generated translation
N1
紆余曲折
うよきょくせつ
A matter not progressing smoothly but going through a complicated course. Used as in 「紆余曲折を経て結論に至る」. A four-character compound originating from the image of a winding road, expressing situations in which arguments or plans proceed while changing many times.
AI-generated translation
N4
裏
うら
The back or outside-facing side of something that cannot be seen. Example: 「かみの裏に書く」 (to write on the back of a paper). The antonym is 「表」 (the front side).
AI-generated translation
N1
裏返す
うらがえす
Flipping front and back, or reviewing a story or stance from the opposite perspective. Used as in 「服を裏返す」 or 「発言を裏返す」, both for physical reversal and for the reversal of viewpoint or interpretation.
AI-generated translation
N3
裏切る
うらぎる
betray. To act against the expectations of someone who trusts you. Example: 「仲間を裏切る」 (to betray a companion). Also used to mean going against expectations, as in 「期待を裏切らない結果」 (a result that doesn't disappoint expectations).
AI-generated translation
N1
裏付け
うらづけ
Solid evidence or grounds showing that a claim or assumption is correct. Used as in 「裏付けを取る」 or 「発言の裏付けがない」. A formal word frequently appearing in news, investigations, and contexts of verifying facts.
AI-generated translation
N1
裏腹
うらはら
「裏」 refers to the back side and 「腹」 to the front side; from this contrast comes the meaning of an outward attitude or words being completely opposite to one's inner feelings. Used in expressions such as 「言葉とは裏腹に」 and 「気持ちとは裏腹に」, in situations where outward appearance contradicts true inner feelings.
AI-generated translation
N3
恨む
うらむ
resent. To keep feeling hatred toward someone who did something terrible. Example: 「裏切った友人を恨む」 (to resent a friend who betrayed them). The noun form is 「恨み」.
AI-generated translation
N3
羨ましい
うらやましい
envious. A feeling of wanting to be like someone when seeing their possessions or circumstances. Example: 「自由な生活が羨ましい」 (to envy a free lifestyle).
AI-generated translation
N1
羨む
うらやむ
Wishing one had the talent or circumstances that someone else has. Used as in 「他人の成功を羨む」 or 「恵まれた環境を羨む」. It can include a feeling close to envy, but it can also simply express feelings of admiration.
AI-generated translation
N3
売上
うりあげ
sales. The total amount of money earned by selling goods or services. Example: 「売上が伸びる」 (sales grow), 「年間売上」 (annual sales).
AI-generated translation
N4
売り場
うりば
The place in a store where goods are sold. Example: 「くつ売り場」 (shoe department).
AI-generated translation
N1
潤い
うるおい
Having moisture or dampness and not being dry. Used as in 「肌の潤い」 or 「生活に潤いを与える」, expressing both physical moisture and the richness or comfort it brings to one's heart and daily life.
AI-generated translation
N1
潤す
うるおす
Providing moisture, benefits, or mental comfort to enrich what is dry or poor. Used as in 「のどを潤す」, 「懐を潤す」, or 「心を潤す」, for all forms of physical, economic, and mental fulfillment.
AI-generated translation
N4
嬉しい
うれしい
glad. A state of feeling good because something good happened. The antonym is 「かなしい」 (sad).
AI-generated translation
N1
うろうろ
うろうろ
A state of repeatedly moving back and forth in the same area without a purpose, or because one does not know where to go. Used as in 「駅前をうろうろする」 or 「見知らぬ街をうろうろする」, an adverb used in scenes of restless wandering.
AI-generated translation
N1
うろ覚え
うろおぼえ
A state in which memory is uncertain and cannot be recalled clearly. Used as in 「うろ覚えの話」 or 「うろ覚えで答える」. Expresses a state of remembering only vaguely in part, rather than having forgotten entirely.
AI-generated translation
N1
うろたえる
うろたえる
When facing a sudden event or unexpected situation, becoming flustered and confused, not knowing what to do. Used as in 「突然の質問にうろたえる」 in scenes of losing one's calm and composure.
AI-generated translation
N3
うわさ
うわさ
rumor. A story passed between people without knowing whether it is true. Example: 「うわさが広まる」 (a rumor spreads), 「うわさをする」 (to gossip). There is a kanji form (噂), but it is usually written in hiragana.
AI-generated translation
N1
上滑り
うわすべり
Staying on the surface of a matter without reaching the depth of its content. Used as in 「上滑りな議論」 or 「上滑りな理解」. Critically expresses a state of merely tracing the surface without getting into the essence.
AI-generated translation
N1
上擦る
うわずる
The voice rising higher and becoming unsettled in tone, more than usual, due to tension or excitement. Used as in 「声が上擦る」, expressing a state in which one's voice unnaturally rises in scenes of losing composure.
AI-generated translation
N1
上手
うわて
Being superior to the other party in power or skill. Used as in "一枚上手だ" or "相手のほうが上手だった", referring to the side that stands in a superior position by comparison. The same "上手" read as "じょうず" means being good at something, and read as "かみて" means the upper side of a stage or river; each is a separate word.
AI-generated translation
N1
上塗り
うわぬり
Painting another layer over what has already been painted, or repeating the same blunder or disgrace on top of an existing failure. Used in both the physical sense of layered painting and the metaphorical sense of compounding failures, as in 「塗装の上塗り」 or 「恥の上塗り」.
AI-generated translation
N1
上の空
うわのそら
A state of being so distracted by something else that one cannot concentrate on the conversation or work at hand. Used as in 「上の空で返事をする」 or 「話が上の空になる」. An idiom expressing a state in which attention drifts elsewhere and the mind is not present.
AI-generated translation
N3
運
うん
luck. A turn of fate that is beyond a person's control. Example: 「運がいい」 (lucky), 「運が悪い」 (unlucky). There is also the expression 「運を天に任せる」 (to leave things to fate).
AI-generated translation
N4
運転手
うんてんしゅ
driver. A person whose job is driving a bus, taxi, etc.
AI-generated translation
N1
うんともすんとも
うんともすんとも
A state in which no response comes back to a call or question. Always used in the negative form 「うんともすんとも言わない」, an idiom emphasizing complete unresponsiveness or silence. Also used in situations where a machine has stopped working.
AI-generated translation
N1
うんぬん
うんぬん
Saying this and that about something. Used as in 「能力についてうんぬんする」 in scenes of adding evaluation or criticism. There is also the continuing form 「うんぬんかんぬん」, used in the sense of omitting a quotation. A somewhat formal written expression.
AI-generated translation
N1
鋭意
えいい
An adverb expressing the manner of working diligently on something. Used in expressions like 「鋭意努力する」 or 「鋭意検討中」. Primarily used in work or business contexts, it is a formal expression conveying that one is engaged seriously, frequently appearing in business documents and official notices.
AI-generated translation
N3
永遠
えいえん
eternity. Continuing forever without end. Example: 「永遠の愛」 (eternal love), 「永遠に忘れない」 (to never forget forever).
AI-generated translation
N1
栄華
えいが
A state of flourishing splendidly through power and wealth. Used as in 「栄華を極める」 or 「栄華の時代」. Often refers to temporary prosperity and frequently appears in historical contexts that implicitly suggest the subsequent decline.
AI-generated translation
N1
鋭角
えいかく
An angle smaller than ninety degrees. It also expresses a state of being pointed. Used as in 「鋭角に曲がる」 or 「鋭角的な質問」. Originally a geometric term, but also used metaphorically in the sense of "sharply piercing" in criticism and literary expression.
AI-generated translation
N1
英気
えいき
Means vigor or vitality. 「英気を養う」 is an idiom meaning to build up one's energy through rest. Used widely from everyday conversation to formal writing, it is a fixed expression that frequently appears in contexts of vacation or recuperation.
AI-generated translation
N3
影響
えいきょう
influence. The action of one thing causing a change in another. Example: 「台風の影響で電車が止まる」 (trains stop due to the typhoon's effect), 「親の影響を受ける」 (to be influenced by one's parents).
AI-generated translation
N3
営業
えいぎょう
Conducting a business to make a profit. Example: 「営業時間」 (business hours), 「本日は営業しております」 (open for business today). Also refers to the job of promoting and selling a company's products (営業職, sales work).
AI-generated translation
N3
衛星
えいせい
satellite. A celestial body that orbits a planet. The moon is a satellite of the earth. Also refers to something launched by humans, as in 「人工衛星」 (artificial satellite). Written differently from the homophone 「衛生」 (hygiene).
AI-generated translation
N1
栄達
えいたつ
Advancing in career and obtaining a high position. Used as in 「栄達を遂げる」 or 「栄達の道」 to refer to smooth promotion in officialdom, politics, or corporations. A formal word frequently seen in biographies and life accounts.
AI-generated translation
N1
英断
えいだん
An excellent decision made with resolution. Used as in 「英断を下す」 or 「首相の英断」. A formal word that positively evaluates a wise decision made with courage in a difficult situation. Frequently seen in newspapers and editorials.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.