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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,238words (N1–N5 total)
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N3
余り
あまり
remainder. What is left over after using or dividing something. Used as in "料理の余りを弁当に入れる" (to put the leftover food in a lunchbox) or "10を3で割ると余りは1" (10 divided by 3 leaves a remainder of 1). The verb is "余る". The adverb "あまり", which has the same reading, is a different word used with a negative as in "あまり高くない", and is normally written in kana.
AI-generated translation
N3
余る
あまる
For something to remain after being used. For a number or amount to be too much and remain. Example: 「料理が余る」 (food is left over), 「手に余る」 (beyond one's ability to handle). The antonym is 「足りない」 (not enough).
AI-generated translation
N1
網の目
あみのめ
Each individual mesh of a net. From this, used metaphorically in idiomatic expressions like 「網の目のように張り巡らす」 or 「網の目をかいくぐる」, referring to surveillance or regulations that are densely woven.
AI-generated translation
N3
編む
あむ
To knit. To combine thread or string to make a sweater, basket, etc. Example: 「マフラーを編む」 (to knit a scarf).
AI-generated translation
N1
操る
あやつる
Moving or using tools, machines, people, or words as one wishes. Used as in 「機械を操る」, 「言葉を操る」, or 「人形を操る」. Also has the meaning of moving people behind the scenes.
AI-generated translation
N1
危ぶむ
あやぶむ
To feel uneasy that something may not go well. Used in situations of harboring doubts about the future, as in「実現を危ぶむ」「成功を危ぶむ」. A verb sharing the same root as「危うい」, carrying the same nuance of danger and unease.
AI-generated translation
N1
あやふや
あやふや
A word expressing a state in which one's attitude or content is unclear and uncertain. Used as in 「あやふやな返事」 or 「あやふやな記憶」, referring to a state lacking grounds or clarity. Also used to critically evaluate evasive or ambiguous attitudes.
AI-generated translation
N3
誤る
あやまる
To make a mistake in a method or way of thinking. 「謝る」 (also read あやまる) means "to say sorry"—a different word.
AI-generated translation
N3
謝る
あやまる
apologize. To tell the other person that one was in the wrong. Belongs to the same word family as 「あやまち」 (mistake). The homophone 「誤る」 means to make a mistake, as in 「道を誤る」 (to take the wrong path), and is written differently.
AI-generated translation
N1
歩み
あゆみ
Advancing one step at a time. Also that manner of progress or the process itself. Used when expressing a path one has traveled over time, as in 「会社の歩み」 or 「平和への歩み」. The noun form of the verb 「歩む」.
AI-generated translation
N1
歩み寄る
あゆみよる
A verb expressing the act of mutually conceding and drawing closer. It also has a physical sense of approaching, but used metaphorically as in 「両者が歩み寄る」 in scenes where parties in opposing positions seek a compromise.
AI-generated translation
N3
歩む
あゆむ
To walk. Also used when progressing through one's life or through time. A slightly more formal way of saying 「歩く」 (to walk).
AI-generated translation
N1, N5
洗う
あらう
wash. To remove dirt using water, etc., to make something clean. Example: 「手を洗う」 (to wash one's hands), 「ふくを洗う」 (to wash clothes).
AI-generated translation
N1
荒らす
あらす
To handle a place or thing roughly and bring it to a terrible state. Used as in「畑を荒らす」「市場を荒らす」. 「荒らす」 is used when someone ruins something, and 「荒れる」 when it falls into that state of its own accord: 「畑を荒らす」 versus 「畑が荒れる」.
AI-generated translation
N3
新た
あらた
A state of being new. Used in the forms 「新たな」 and 「新たに」, as in 「新たな問題」 (a new problem), 「気持ちを新たにする」 (to renew one's resolve). More formal and literary than 「新しい」.
AI-generated translation
N1
荒立てる
あらだてる
A verb expressing the act of making a matter into a big issue or making emotions intense. Used as in 「事を荒立てる」 or 「声を荒立てる」 in contexts of making worse something that should have been settled quietly.
AI-generated translation
N1
改まる
あらたまる
For a previous state to change and become new. Used in situations where something comes into a proper, orderly state, as in 「年が改まる」「態度が改まる」. 「改める」 is used for the person who deliberately makes a change, and 「改まる」 for what becomes new of its own accord: 「規則を改める」 versus 「規則が改まる」.
AI-generated translation
N3
表す
あらわす
To show a feeling or thought through words, expression, or form, making it visible to others. Example: 「感謝の気持ちを表す」 (to express one's gratitude). The homophone 「現す」 means for something hidden to become visible, as in 「姿を現す」 (to appear), and is written differently.
AI-generated translation
N1
有り合わせ
ありあわせ
Things that happen to be on hand at that moment. Used as in 「有り合わせの材料」 or 「有り合わせで作る」 in scenes of making do with only what is currently available, without special preparation.
AI-generated translation
N1
有様
ありさま
The state or condition of a matter, particularly a terrible situation. Often used in scenes describing rather unfavorable situations, as in 「ひどい有様」 or 「見るに堪えない有様」.
AI-generated translation
N1
亜流
ありゅう
A second-rate imitation of a school or style, lacking originality. Used in contexts that lower the evaluation, as in「有名画家の亜流」「亜流に過ぎない作品」.
AI-generated translation
N3
あるいは
あるいは
or. A word used to line up two or more things in the sense of 「または」. Example: 「電話、あるいはメールで連絡する」 (contact by phone or email). More formal than 「または」 and used in written language; usually written in hiragana.
AI-generated translation
N3
合わせる
あわせる
To combine two or more things into one. Example: 「手を合わせる」 (to put one's hands together), 「力を合わせる」 (to join forces). Also used to mean matching something else, as in 「時計を合わせる」 (to set a clock), 「予定を合わせる」 (to coordinate schedules). 「合わせる」 is used when someone brings things into line, and 「合う」 when they end up matching: 「時計を合わせる」 versus 「時計が合う」.
AI-generated translation
N1
哀れ
あわれ
Being pitiful and heart-aching, or that feeling itself. Used as in 「哀れな姿」 or 「哀れに思う」 in scenes expressing sympathy toward the weak or the unfortunate. The verb form is 「哀れむ」.
AI-generated translation
N3
案
あん
A plan or opinion that has been thought up. Example: 「案を出す」 (to put forward a proposal), 「良い案がうかぶ」 (a good idea comes to mind). Also forms compound words like 「案内」 (guidance) and 「提案」 (proposal).
AI-generated translation
N3
暗記
あんき
memorization. To learn something so thoroughly that one can say it without looking. Example: 「単語を暗記する」 (to memorize vocabulary).
AI-generated translation
N1
安泰
あんたい
A state of being free from worries, settled and stable. Used as in 「会社は安泰だ」 or 「老後の安泰」. Also used as a na-adjective, with forms like 「安泰な生活」.
AI-generated translation
N1
暗中模索
あんちゅうもさく
A four-character idiom describing proceeding by trial and error without any clue. Used in situations of trial and error in unknown territory, as in「新分野で暗中模索を続ける」.
AI-generated translation
N3
安定
あんてい
stability. A state with no major change, being settled. Example: 「生活が安定する」 (life becomes stable), 「安定した収入」 (a stable income). The antonym is 「不安定」 (instability).
AI-generated translation
N1
安堵
あんど
The feeling of relief when worries are gone and one settles down. Used as in「無事を知って安堵する」「安堵の表情」.
AI-generated translation
N1
案の定
あんのじょう
An adverb meaning "just as expected." Mostly used in situations where a bad prediction has come true, as in「案の定、失敗した」.
AI-generated translation
N1
暗黙
あんもく
A word expressing that the parties involved understand each other without saying it in words. Used idiomatically in the forms 「暗黙の了解」 or 「暗黙のうちに」. Often refers to norms or consensus that are not officially stated but are shared among the parties.
AI-generated translation
N1
暗躍
あんやく
A word for secretly working behind the scenes, unknown to others. Mostly used in negative contexts, as in「裏で暗躍する人物」.
AI-generated translation
N3
胃
い
stomach. The bag-shaped part inside the body that digests eaten food. Example: 「胃が痛い」 (one's stomach hurts), 「胃薬」 (stomach medicine).
AI-generated translation
N1
威圧
いあつ
Suppressing the other party with dignity or force. Used in forms like 「威圧的な態度」, 「威圧感」, or 「威圧する」. Not actual violence, but the meaning of intimidating the other into shrinking back through a strong attitude or overwhelming presence.
AI-generated translation
N1
居合わせる
いあわせる
To happen to be present at that place. Used in the form 「〜に居合わせる」 to mean being coincidentally at the location where an incident or event occurred. Not used when one has gone there intentionally.
AI-generated translation
N1
言い放つ
いいはなつ
To declare something decisively without consideration for those around. Used for remarks accompanied by a forceful tone or provocative attitude. Often carries a negative implication.
AI-generated translation
N1
言い張る
いいはる
To strongly insist on one's opinion and not yield. Used in the form 「〜と言い張る」 in scenes where one continues to assert one's own view despite being pointed out or contradicted. Often carries a negative nuance.
AI-generated translation
N1
言い渡す
いいわたす
When someone in a higher position formally announces a decision to someone in a lower position. Used in contexts of conveying official and weighty matters such as judgments, sanctions, or notifications. Not used for everyday communication.
AI-generated translation
N3
委員
いいん
committee member. A person entrusted with a certain task within a class or organization. Example: 「学級委員」 (class representative), 「委員会」 (committee).
AI-generated translation
N3
意外
いがい
unexpected. A state different from what one had thought. Example: 「意外な結果」 (an unexpected result), 「意外と簡単だった」 (it was surprisingly easy). The homophone 「以外」 means "excluding," as in 「私以外の人」 (people other than me), and is a completely different word.
AI-generated translation
N1
威嚇
いかく
Making the other party afraid and trying to bend them to one's will. Used in scenes of applying pressure by threatening with a gun or a loud voice. Used as in 「威嚇射撃」 or 「威嚇行為」. Also used in scenes where animals make their bodies appear large to confront enemies.
AI-generated translation
N1
いかなる
いかなる
An adnominal word meaning "what kind of" or "any." Placed before a noun, used in the forms 「いかなる〜も」 or 「いかなる〜でも」 as a formal expression that encompasses every case or condition.
AI-generated translation
N1
いかに
いかに
An adverb meaning "how" or "to what extent." In questions used in the form 「いかに〜か」, in exclamations used in 「いかに〜ことか」. A formal written word frequently appearing in articles and commentaries.
AI-generated translation
N1
遺憾
いかん
A formal word expressing the feeling of being regretful when the result one expected has not been achieved. Used in official statements or apology contexts, as in 「遺憾の意を表する」 or 「遺憾に思う」. Rarely used in everyday conversation, mainly used in politics, diplomacy, and news.
AI-generated translation
N1
如何
いかん
Expresses what the state or outcome of something is. Used as in 「結果の如何にかかわらず」 and 「如何ともしがたい」. Used in formal writing when stating conditions or outcomes. Also often written in hiragana as 「いかん」. It is a different word from the homophone 「遺憾」 (regret).
AI-generated translation
N1
異議
いぎ
Expressing opposing thoughts toward another person's opinion or decision. In meeting or legal contexts, used as in 「異議を唱える」 or 「異議を申し立てる」. A formal word used not as a mere counter-opinion but when officially showing a position of opposition.
AI-generated translation
N3
息
いき
breath. The air that goes in and out through the mouth or nose. Example: 「息を吸う」 (to breathe in), 「息が苦しい」 (having trouble breathing). There is also the expression 「息が合う」 (to be in perfect sync with someone).
AI-generated translation
N3
勢い
いきおい
The strength or speed of a movement. Example: 「火の勢いが強い」 (the fire is burning fiercely), 「勢いよく走り出す」 (to start running with great momentum). Also used to mean an unstoppable flow, as in 「勢いで買ってしまった」 (I ended up buying it on impulse).
AI-generated translation
N1
意気込む
いきごむ
Enthusiastically pushing oneself with strong motivation to accomplish something. Used as in 「優勝するぞと意気込む」 or 「意気込んで出かける」, expressing a state in which one's spirit is positively heightened toward something.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.