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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,241words (N1–N5 total)
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N1
能天気
のうてんき
A word describing an optimistic manner without deep thought. Used as in「能天気な発言」or「能天気に構える」, for an attitude in which one is unconcerned even when those around are worried.
AI-generated translation, reviewed by a native speaker
N2
能動的
のうどうてき
A word describing acting on one's own initiative. Used as in「能動的な姿勢」or「能動的に学ぶ」, for an attitude of moving by oneself without waiting for instructions.
AI-generated translation
N1
能弁
のうべん
A word describing speaking skillfully, with words flowing fluently. Used as in「能弁な人」or「能弁に語る」, for a person or scene of persuasive speech.
AI-generated translation
N1
濃密
のうみつ
A word meaning content or relationships are packed densely and deeply. Used as in「濃密な時間」or「濃密な議論」, for a richly substantial state.
AI-generated translation
N2
脳裏
のうり
A word for inside one's head, the depths of one's mind. Used as in「脳裏に浮かぶ」or「脳裏をよぎる」, in scenes where a thought or memory comes to mind.
AI-generated translation
N2
逃す
のがす
A verb meaning to let a chance or target slip away. Used as in「機会を逃す」or「犯人を逃す」.「逃げる」means oneself getting away, while「逃す」means letting an object slip away.
AI-generated translation
N2
逃れる
のがれる
A verb meaning to escape from danger or restraint. Used as in「追手から逃れる」or「責任から逃れる」, in scenes of breaking free from an unwanted situation.
AI-generated translation
N1
軒並み
のきなみ
An adverb meaning that something applies to almost all within a certain range. Used as in「軒並み値上がりした」or「軒並み好成績だった」, for a state of the same trend without exception.
AI-generated translation
N1
のさばる
のさばる
A verb meaning to exceed one's proper place and act as one pleases with a brazen face. Used as in「悪者がのさばる」or「のさばった態度」, for a state of settling in unrestrained.
AI-generated translation
N1
野晒し
のざらし
A word meaning a state without any roof, left exposed to wind and rain. Used as in「野晒しの資材」or「野晒しにされた車」, for the state of being left abandoned to the elements.
AI-generated translation
N2
望ましい
のぞましい
An adjective expressing a state one would wish to see. Used as in「望ましい結果」or「望ましい姿」, in scenes of judging something as ideal or preferable.
AI-generated translation
N2
臨む
のぞむ
A verb meaning to go forth to face an important occasion or situation. Used as in「試験に臨む」or「交渉に臨む」, in the sense of entering a setting with resolve.
AI-generated translation
N1
乗っ取る
のっとる
A verb meaning to seize another's possessions or organization by force or scheme. Used as in「会社を乗っ取る」or「飛行機を乗っ取る」, in scenes of wresting control from the rightful owner.
AI-generated translation
N1
のっぴきならない
のっぴきならない
A word for a state from which one cannot flee or escape. Used as in「のっぴきならない事情」or「のっぴきならない状況」, for a pressing situation in which nothing can be done.
AI-generated translation
N2
のどか
のどか
A word describing a quiet, tranquil scene. Used as in「のどかな田園」or「のどかな午後」, for landscapes or moments that are leisurely and at ease.
AI-generated translation
N1
喉元
のどもと
A word for the front of the throat, the area at the front of the neck. Widely known through the proverb「喉元過ぎれば熱さを忘れる」, it is also used metaphorically for a state in which suffering or danger is right at hand.
AI-generated translation, reviewed by a native speaker
N1
罵る
ののしる
A verb meaning to hurl harsh words at another. Used as in「人前で罵る」or「大声で罵る」.
AI-generated translation
N1
野放し
のばなし
A word for a state of being left unmanaged and unsupervised. Used as in「野放しにする」or「野放し状態」, for leaving alone what should normally be controlled.
AI-generated translation
N1
伸び悩む
のびなやむ
A verb meaning that growth or progress stalls partway and does not advance as expected. Used as in「売上が伸び悩む」or「成績が伸び悩む」, in scenes where an anticipated rise has plateaued.
AI-generated translation
N1
伸びやか
のびやか
A word describing a relaxed, pleasantly expansive state. Used as in「伸びやかな歌声」or「伸びやかに育つ」, for the state of stretching freely without restraint.
AI-generated translation
N2, N3
伸びる
のびる
For a length or force to become greater. Example: 「髪が伸びる」 (hair grows), 「売り上げが伸びる」 (sales grow). 「伸ばす」 is used when a person acts to make something longer or greater, while 「伸びる」 is used when it grows on its own: compare 「髪を伸ばす」 with 「髪が伸びる」. When it means time lengthening, it is written 「延びる」.
AI-generated translation
N2, N4
飲み込む
のみこむ
A verb meaning to take something from the throat into the body, and additionally meaning to grasp a situation or content, or to hold back emotions without showing them. Used broadly as in「薬を飲み込む」「事情を飲み込む」or「涙を飲み込む」.
AI-generated translation, reviewed by a native speaker
N1
のめり込む
のめりこむ
A verb meaning to become deeply absorbed in something to the point of losing sight of other things. Used as in「趣味にのめり込む」or「研究にのめり込む」, for scenes of going overboard in immersion.
AI-generated translation, reviewed by a native speaker
N2
乗り越える
のりこえる
A verb meaning to climb over a fence, wall, or other barrier and pass to the other side. Used literally as in 「塀を乗り越える」「障害物を乗り越える」. It is also used figuratively to mean overcoming difficulties or obstacles in order to move forward. Used in situations where one breaks through standing problems, as in 「試練を乗り越える」「困難を乗り越える」.
AI-generated translation
N2
乗り込む
のりこむ
A verb meaning to board a car, ship, airplane, or similar vehicle and go inside. Used as in 「電車に乗り込む」「タクシーに乗り込む」. It is also used to mean going to the other party's location with a clear purpose. Used in situations where one steps in with strong determination, as in 「相手の陣地に乗り込む」「現場に乗り込む」.
AI-generated translation
N2
乗り出す
のりだす
A verb meaning to lean one's body forward. Used as in 「身を乗り出す」「窓から乗り出す」. It is also used figuratively to mean beginning to take an active part in something. Used in situations where one eagerly starts a new activity, as in 「事業に乗り出す」「調査に乗り出す」.
AI-generated translation
N1
呪い
のろい
A word for the act of praying for harm to befall a person or thing, or for that power itself. Used as in「呪いをかける」or「呪いを解く」. Carries the nuance of pouring feelings of resentment and anger into wishing misfortune upon another.
AI-generated translation
N1
呪う
のろう
A verb meaning to call down misfortune upon a person or thing. Used as in「運命を呪う」or「相手を呪う」, in scenes of wishing unhappiness with strong resentment and anger.
AI-generated translation
N1
のんき
のんき
Describes an easygoing attitude, not taking things seriously. Used for a relaxed attitude even in situations that call for concern, as in 「のんきな性格」 and 「のんきに構える」. In kanji it is written 「呑気」 or 「暢気」 (both ateji), but it is generally written in hiragana.
AI-generated translation
N2
把握
はあく
To firmly understand and grasp the content or circumstances of something.
AI-generated translation
N1
拝察
はいさつ
The humble form of 「察する (to surmise)」. Used in expressions like 「ご多忙のことと拝察いたします (I humbly surmise that you must be busy)」「ご心痛のほど拝察申し上げます (I humbly perceive the depth of your grief)」. It is a formal word that politely expresses surmising another's situation or feelings, a humble form widely used in correspondence, business documents, and expressions of condolence. It is hardly used in everyday conversation, and is established as a polite, well-mannered expression in writing.
AI-generated translation
N1
拝借
はいしゃく
The humble form of 「借りる (to borrow)」. It is a humble form used in expressions like 「お知恵を拝借したい (may I borrow your wisdom)」「机を拝借します (allow me to borrow the desk)」「お時間を拝借する (allow me to take up some of your time)」. It is used in scenes of borrowing objects, knowledge, or time from another party, to express politeness. It is widely used in business and formal conversation, established as an expression for politely making a request while showing respect to superiors or clients.
AI-generated translation
N1
背信
はいしん
Refers to going against trust or fidelity. It is a formal word used in expressions like 「背信行為 (an act of betrayal)」「背信のそしりを免れない (one cannot escape charges of betrayal)」「背信に走る (to resort to betrayal)」. 「背」 means to turn one's back, 「信」 means trust or fidelity; together they express "to turn one's back on trust". It is used in scenes of betraying promises, expectations, or loyalty, and is a word used with weighty implications in business, political, and personal contexts.
AI-generated translation
N1
排斥
はいせき
Refers to pushing away and refusing to accept something as undesirable. It is a formal word used in expressions like 「外国製品を排斥する (to boycott foreign products)」「異論を排斥する (to reject dissenting views)」「排斥運動 (a movement of exclusion)」. 「排」 means to push away, 「斥」 also means to push away; the two stacked characters emphasize "pushing away strongly". It is used in situations where particular persons, things, or ideas are shut out of an organization or society, used widely in news reports, historical writing, and social theory.
AI-generated translation
N1
排他
はいた
Refers to not accepting other things and seeking to push them away. It is a formal word used in expressions like 「排他的なグループ (an exclusive group)」「排他主義 (exclusivism)」「排他的な態度 (an exclusionary attitude)」. 「排」 means to push away, 「他」 means others; together they express "to push others away". It refers to an attitude that rejects external participation and influence, used widely in contexts that critically describe the closedness of organizations, cultures, or thought. It is also used in technical terms such as 「排他制御 (mutual exclusion / exclusive control)」 in programming.
AI-generated translation
N2
配置
はいち
To assign and place people or things in their appropriate positions.
AI-generated translation
N1
背徳
はいとく
Refers to going against the morality that people ought to uphold. It is a formal word used in expressions like 「背徳的な行い (an immoral act)」「背徳の快楽 (forbidden pleasure)」「背徳感 (a sense of moral transgression)」. 「背」 means to turn one's back, 「徳」 means morality; together they express "to turn one's back on morality". It is a word for acts that deviate from ethical norms, used in literary, philosophical, and religious contexts. In the form 「背徳感」, it is also used to express the appeal of the forbidden accompanied by a sense of guilt.
AI-generated translation
N2
配布
はいふ
To distribute something so that it reaches many people.
AI-generated translation
N2, N3
ばか
ばか
Dull-witted. A word used to insult someone. Example: 「ばかなことをするな」 (don't do something stupid). Also used to mean "extremely," as in 「ばかに寒い」 (unusually cold). Written with the kanji 「馬鹿」, but usually written in hiragana or katakana.
AI-generated translation
N1
破格
はかく
Refers to deviating greatly from ordinary standards or norms. Used in expressions like 「破格の値段 (an extraordinary price)」「破格の待遇 (extraordinary treatment)」「破格の出世 (an extraordinary promotion)」. 「破」 means to break, 「格」 means standard or level; together they express "breaking the standard". It is mostly used in the positive sense of unusually favorable conditions (extremely low prices, exceptionally generous treatment, etc.), but depending on context can also express the degree of being out of the ordinary or exceptional.
AI-generated translation
N1
剥がす
はがす
Means to peel off and remove something stuck to or covering a surface. An everyday word for physically peeling things, used as in 「シールを剥がす」, 「壁紙を剥がす」, and 「絆創膏を剥がす」, targeting things that are pasted, attached, or covering. Also used in the figurative set phrase 「化けの皮を剥がす」, meaning to expose someone's hidden true nature. Also often written in hiragana as 「はがす」.
AI-generated translation
N1
捗る
はかどる
Refers to work or tasks progressing smoothly. Used in expressions like 「勉強が捗る (one's studies are going well)」「作業が捗る (the work is progressing)」「思いのほか捗った (it went better than expected)」. It expresses the appearance of proceeding as planned or beyond expectations, and is a daily-use word used with positive evaluation. It appears widely in contexts describing the progress of tasks such as work, study, and housework. The negative form 「捗らない」 is equally common, used to refer to delays in progress.
AI-generated translation
N1
儚い
はかない
Refers to the appearance of tangible things vanishing quickly, fragile and feeble. Used in expressions like 「儚い命 (a fleeting life)」「儚い夢 (a fleeting dream)」「儚く散る (to fall away fleetingly)」. The character 「儚」 combines the "person" radical with the character 「夢 (dream)」, expressing things insubstantial like a dream. It is used with feelings of cherishing what does not endure or vanishes easily, used widely in literary, lyrical contexts about cherry blossoms, life, love, and memory. It is a word that connects to Japan's traditional aesthetic of "mono no aware".
AI-generated translation
N1
はかばかしい
はかばかしい
Describes things progressing smoothly. A stiff written word used as in 「交渉がはかばかしくない」 and 「はかばかしい返事がない」. Mostly used in the negative form 「はかばかしくない」 to state euphemistically that things are not going well. An emphatic reduplicated form of 「捗る」. In kanji it is written 「捗々しい」, but it is generally written in hiragana. Rarely used in everyday conversation; it leans toward formal styles.
AI-generated translation
N1
歯痒い
はがゆい
Refers to feeling exasperated because something is not as one wishes. Used in expressions like 「見ていて歯痒い (to be exasperated watching)」「歯痒い思いをする (to feel frustrated)」「歯痒くてならない (intensely frustrating)」. It is a metaphor derived from the sensation of itchy gums, expressing impatience at being unable to intervene in what is happening before one's eyes or at things not progressing smoothly. It is widely used in contexts expressing impatience at one's own powerlessness, another's clumsiness, or the stagnation of a situation.
AI-generated translation
N1
計らう
はからう
Refers to handling matters and being considerate as the situation calls for. It is a formal word used in expressions like 「便宜を計らう (to make convenient arrangements)」「うまく計らう (to arrange well)」「お計らいいただく (to receive your kind arrangements)」. 「計」 means to think out or to plan, expressing the act of making careful arrangements for the sake of another party. It is mostly used in the forms 「便宜を計らう」「お計らい」, appearing frequently in scenes of extending special consideration to a particular party. With a somewhat classical tone, it is used in formal styles and respectful expressions.
AI-generated translation
N2
破棄
はき
Refers to canceling contracts, promises, or documents, or making them invalid. It is a formal word used in expressions like 「契約を破棄する (to terminate a contract)」「文書を破棄する (to destroy a document)」「判決を破棄する (to overturn a judgment)」. 「破」 means to break, 「棄」 means to discard; together they express "to break and discard". It is used for both physical disposal and the cancellation of legal effect, used widely in legal and business contexts such as contract cancellation, data deletion, and the reversal of judgments by higher courts.
AI-generated translation
N1
馬脚
ばきゃく
Refers to one's true nature or identity that had been hidden. Used in the form 「馬脚を露す (to give oneself away)」 idiomatically, it expresses the moment when concealment or disguise is exposed. It is a derivative expression from the idea of the legs of an actor playing a horse in a play poking out from the costume, established as a metaphor for the moment when concealed lies or weaknesses are exposed. It is an old-fashioned word hardly used on its own, appearing only as part of an idiomatic phrase.
AI-generated translation
N1
波及
はきゅう
Refers to the influence of an event spreading around in waves. It is a formal word used in expressions like 「事件の影響が他国に波及する (the impact of the incident spreads to other countries)」「経済への波及効果 (the ripple effect on the economy)」「波及範囲 (the scope of impact)」. 「波」 means wave, 「及」 means to reach; together they express "to reach like a wave". It refers to the process by which influence from a central event spreads stepwise to surrounding fields, regions, or industries, used widely in news reports and economic analyses.
AI-generated translation
N2
歯切れ
はぎれ
Refers to the clarity and decisiveness of speech or attitude. Used in expressions like 「歯切れの悪い返事 (a vague reply)」「歯切れよく話す (to speak crisply)」「歯切れの良い文章 (a clear-cut piece of writing)」. It is a derivative usage from the sensation of biting through food with the teeth, and has been established as a metaphor for the clarity of remarks, writing, or attitude. Its central use is in the form 「歯切れが悪い」, used to negatively describe a vague, indistinct manner. It is used widely in news reports, criticism, and character assessment.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.