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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,238words (N1–N5 total)
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N1
縁
えん
The connection or relationship between people or between things. Used as in 「縁がある」, 「縁を結ぶ」, or 「縁を切る」. A word expressing fate-like connections and human relationships, carrying a Japanese nuance. Used widely from formal written language to everyday conversation.
AI-generated translation
N1
遠因
えんいん
An indirect factor that became a cause of something, not the direct cause. Used as in 「遠因となる」 or 「事件の遠因を探る」. The opposite of 「近因」 or 「直接の原因」, used in formal contexts discussing historical and social backgrounds.
AI-generated translation
N1
演繹
えんえき
A method of thinking that derives specific conclusions from general principles. Used as in「演繹的な推論」「演繹法」. A term in philosophy and logic; the antonym is「帰納」(induction). Used in papers and academic writing.
AI-generated translation
N1
遠隔
えんかく
A word expressing a remote place or great distance. Mainly forms compound words in combination with other words, as in 「遠隔操作」, 「遠隔地」, or 「遠隔授業」. A formal expression frequently appearing in technology and communication contexts, rarely used on its own.
AI-generated translation
N2
円滑
えんかつ
A state in which things proceed smoothly without any hitches. Used in expressions like 「円滑な人間関係」, 「会議を円滑に進める」, and 「業務の円滑化」. It is a na-adjective, taking the forms 「円滑だ」, 「円滑な」, and 「円滑に」.
AI-generated translation
N2
縁側
えんがわ
In a traditional Japanese house, a wooden-floored strip that projects along the outside of a room. It is a space connecting the interior to the garden, and is used in expressions like 「縁側でお茶を飲む」 and 「縁側に腰掛ける」. It is one of the words symbolizing Japanese residential culture.
AI-generated translation
N2
縁起
えんぎ
Refers to omens or beliefs concerning the good or bad luck of what is to come. Used in expressions like 「縁起がいい」, 「縁起を担ぐ」, or 「縁起でもない」. Linked to objects and words suggesting fortune or misfortune, it is used widely from everyday conversation to formal writing.
AI-generated translation
N1
婉曲
えんきょく
Na-adjective. Describes a way of speaking that is indirect and not blunt, avoiding sharpness. Although dictionaries give 「婉曲な表現」「婉曲に断る」 as standard examples, in modern Japanese the form 「婉曲的」 is more commonly used, as in 「婉曲的な表現」「婉曲的に断る」.
AI-generated translation
N2
縁組
えんぐみ
A word for establishing a family relationship through marriage, adoption, and the like. Used as in「養子縁組」「縁組を結ぶ」. A somewhat formal word used in contexts related to law and family registers; in everyday conversation, the words「結婚」or「養子」are used separately instead.
AI-generated translation
N2
遠景
えんけい
The scenery seen in the distance. Used as in 「遠景に山が見える」 or 「遠景を描く」, indicating the part of a landscape positioned far away in the composition of a painting, photograph, or written description. The antonym is 「近景」.
AI-generated translation
N1
縁故
えんこ
Connections in human relationships based on blood ties, marriage ties, or acquaintances. Used as in 「縁故採用」 or 「縁故を頼る」. A formal word equivalent to "connections" in contexts of employment or receiving favors. In modern Japanese it often carries a somewhat negative implication.
AI-generated translation
N1
冤罪
えんざい
A word for being charged with a crime despite being innocent. A formal word used in judicial and news contexts, expressing the position of someone wrongly convicted, as in「冤罪を晴らす」「冤罪事件」.
AI-generated translation
N1
縁者
えんじゃ
A person connected by blood or marriage. Used as in「近い縁者」「縁者を頼る」. Somewhat more formal than「親戚」, used in contexts related to law and family registers, or as a written-language word.
AI-generated translation
N1
円熟
えんじゅく
The full development of skill and character through accumulated experience, accompanied by rich depth. Used as in 「円熟した演技」 or 「円熟の域に達する」. A positive evaluative word indicating a state combining seasoned mastery with softness.
AI-generated translation
N2
援助
えんじょ
To help someone in trouble by providing effort or resources.
AI-generated translation
N2
炎症
えんしょう
A reaction in which body tissue swells red and is accompanied by heat and pain due to injury or infection. Used as in 「炎症を起こす」 or 「炎症が治まる」. A word frequently appearing in medical and health contexts, and also commonly used in daily life.
AI-generated translation
N2
演じる
えんじる
To take on and express a role or part, or to perform an action in an exaggerated manner. Used in expressions like 「主役を演じる」 or 「茶番を演じる」. Besides roles in plays and films, it has a metaphorical usage for negative actions, as in 「醜態を演じる」.
AI-generated translation
N1
遠心力
えんしんりょく
The force that seems to pull an object moving in a circle outward, away from the centre of rotation. 「遠心」 means moving away from the centre, and 「力」 refers to that action. Used as in 「カーブで遠心力がはたらく」 or 「遠心力で洗濯物の水を飛ばす」. The opposite force, which pulls toward the centre, is 「求心力」, a word also used for the power of a person or organisation to draw others in.
AI-generated translation
N1
遠征
えんせい
Going to a distant place. Used in military operations or sports matches, as in 「海外遠征」 or 「遠征に出る」. Also commonly used when a competitive team leaves its home base to play matches elsewhere.
AI-generated translation
N1
宴席
えんせき
A gathering at which alcohol and food are served as hospitality. Used as in 「宴席を設ける」 or 「宴席に招かれる」. A formal word used at ceremonial occasions such as weddings, celebrations, or business banquets.
AI-generated translation
N1
沿線
えんせん
An area along a railway line. Used in expressions such as 「沿線住民」, 「沿線の開発」, and 「沿線の風景」. Frequently appears in contexts of railways, urban planning, and real estate, referring to the strip-shaped area centered around stations.
AI-generated translation
N1
遠大
えんだい
A state in which scale or plans are large, extending toward the future. Used as in 「遠大な計画」 or 「遠大な理想」. A formal word expressing grandeur that looks far ahead in both time and space, frequently appearing in articles and commentaries.
AI-generated translation
N2
縁談
えんだん
Discussions about marriage, or marriage proposals. Used as in 「縁談を持ち込む」 or 「縁談が破談になる」. A formal word mainly referring to arranged marriages involving a third party, or marriages between families.
AI-generated translation
N1
炎天
えんてん
The scorchingly hot summer sky or weather. 「炎天下」 and 「炎天の下」 are set phrases, used in expressions like 「炎天下の作業」 or 「炎天の下を歩く」. A formal word expressing the harsh summer sun, frequently appearing in contexts emphasizing the hardship of outdoor activities.
AI-generated translation
N1
縁遠い
えんどおい
A word describing a state of weak connection or little relevance to oneself. Used as in「縁遠い話」「技術とは縁遠い分野」. Originally also meant being without opportunities for marriage, but in modern usage it is mostly used with the meaning of "having little relation."
AI-generated translation
N2
縁日
えんにち
A day said to have a special connection with a particular deity or Buddha at a shrine or temple. Also refers to the festival or market held on that day. A word familiar as a feature of old downtown areas, used as in「縁日に出かける」「縁日の屋台」.
AI-generated translation
N1
縁辺
えんぺん
The edge or fringe of something. Also refers to the peripheral area away from the center. Used as in 「縁辺部」 or 「大陸の縁辺」. A formal word indicating "the part removed from the center" in geographical, geological, or social contexts.
AI-generated translation
N1
遠方
えんぽう
A faraway place. Used as in 「遠方から来る」 or 「遠方の親戚」. A more formal written word than 「遠く」, often used in letters, guidance documents, or written language.
AI-generated translation
N1
煙幕
えんまく
Smoke generated to obscure visibility. Also used metaphorically for words or actions that conceal one's true intentions. 「煙幕を張る」 is a fixed expression used in phrases like 「煙幕を張って真意を隠す」. A word that has expanded from its original military meaning to metaphorical usage.
AI-generated translation
N2
円満
えんまん
A state of being harmonious and settled without friction. Used in expressions like 「円満な家庭」 and 「円満に解決する」.
AI-generated translation
N1
縁結び
えんむすび
Bringing about a marital match between a man and a woman, or praying for that. Used as in 「縁結びの神」 or 「縁結びの神社」. Often spoken of as a benefit of shrines and temples, a slightly old-fashioned and folkloric word.
AI-generated translation
N4
遠慮
えんりょ
To refrain from doing or saying what one wants, out of consideration for the other person. Example: 「遠慮しないで食べてください」 (please help yourself, no need to hold back). Also used to politely prohibit something, as in 「タバコはご遠慮ください」 (please refrain from smoking).
AI-generated translation
N1
遠慮会釈
えんりょえしゃく
Consideration or regard for others. Mostly used in the form「遠慮会釈もない」to express behavior lacking in consideration, as in「遠慮会釈もない態度」「遠慮会釈なく意見を述べる」. A four-character idiom established in its negative form.
AI-generated translation
N2
遠路
えんろ
A long road or distant journey. 「遠路はるばる」 is a set phrase used in greetings like 「遠路はるばるお越しいただく」 to express gratitude to someone who has come from afar. In modern usage, it is almost exclusively used in this idiomatic expression.
AI-generated translation
N2
老い
おい
Growing old; also, the weakening of mind and body with age. 老いを感じる (feel one's age). The verb form is 老いる.
AI-generated translation
N1, N2
老いる
おいる
To grow old, with the mind and body weakening with age. Used as in 「老いた親」. Also used as a noun in the form 「老い」.
AI-generated translation
N4
お祝い
おいわい
Celebrating something good, such as a birthday or passing an exam. It also refers to an event held for that purpose, or to a gift or money given to convey a feeling of celebration. Examples: 「お祝いをする」 (to hold a celebration), 「お祝いをおくる」 (to send a congratulatory gift).
AI-generated translation
N1
奥義
おうぎ
The most important and profound technique or teaching in martial arts or other disciplines. Used to refer to a core skill that can only be reached after long years of training, as in「奥義を極める」「奥義を伝授する」.
AI-generated translation
N1
横行
おうこう
Bad actions becoming conspicuous in society and gaining momentum. Used as in 「犯罪が横行する」 or 「悪徳商法が横行する」, expressing a state in which undesirable matters spread widely. The subject is limited to negative things such as fraud, dishonesty, or illegal acts.
AI-generated translation
N1
王座
おうざ
The highest position in a given field. Used as in 「王座に就く」 or 「王座を奪う」 when expressing the pinnacle in sports, competitions, or industries. Originally meaning "the seat where the king sits," it is generally used metaphorically.
AI-generated translation
N1
殴殺
おうさつ
To beat a person to death. A formal word used in contexts of criminal cases and news reporting, as in「殴殺される」「殴殺事件」.
AI-generated translation
N1
応酬
おうしゅう
The mutual exchange of words or attacks. Used as in 「激しい応酬」 or 「質問と答弁の応酬」, expressing a two-way clash. Used in scenes where responses from both sides continue, such as in arguments, denunciations, or artillery exchanges, not a one-way "reply."
AI-generated translation
N1
押収
おうしゅう
The forced confiscation and safekeeping of items that serve as evidence or were obtained illegally, by police or similar authorities. Used as in 「証拠品を押収する」 or 「資料を押収される」. A specialized word used in legal or investigative contexts.
AI-generated translation
N1
往生
おうじょう
Falling into a state of being terribly stuck and unable to manage. Used as in 「往生する」 or 「立ち往生」. Originally a Buddhist term meaning "to die," but today it is generally used in the sense of being at a complete loss.
AI-generated translation
N1
往診
おうしん
A word meaning a doctor going to a patient's home to examine them. A formal medical term used in situations where a patient has the doctor come to them, as in「往診を頼む」「往診に来る」.
AI-generated translation
N1
殴打
おうだ
To strike forcefully. Used as in 「頭部を殴打される」 or 「殴打による外傷」 in contexts of incident reporting or medicine. Compared with the simple word 「なぐる」, it has a more objective and documentary nuance.
AI-generated translation
N1
横着
おうちゃく
A word for not doing what one ought to do and trying to take it easy. Used in situations critically describing an attitude of skipping the steps or effort one should make, as in「横着をする」「横着な性格」.
AI-generated translation
N1
王朝
おうちょう
An era in which kings from the same family ruled for generations, or that family itself. Used in expressions like 「平安王朝」 or 「王朝時代」. A formal word frequently appearing in historical and literary contexts, rarely used in everyday conversation.
AI-generated translation
N1
横転
おうてん
A vehicle falling on its side. Used as in 「トラックが横転する」 or 「車が横転事故を起こす」. A formal word frequently appearing in accident reports.
AI-generated translation
N2
往年
おうねん
The past that has gone by, especially the era when that person or thing was flourishing. Used as in 「往年の名選手」 or 「往年の面影」 in contexts of looking back at past glory or one's prime. Characteristically, it does not refer simply to "the old days," but specifically to a brilliant period in the past.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.