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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,238words (N1–N5 total)
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N1
言い張る
いいはる
To strongly insist on one's opinion and not yield. Used in the form 「〜と言い張る」 in scenes where one continues to assert one's own view despite being pointed out or contradicted. Often carries a negative nuance.
AI-generated translation
N2
言い分
いいぶん
One's own claim or what one wants to say. Used in expressions like 「言い分を聞く」 and 「言い分が通る」.
AI-generated translation
N1
言い渡す
いいわたす
When someone in a higher position formally announces a decision to someone in a lower position. Used in contexts of conveying official and weighty matters such as judgments, sanctions, or notifications. Not used for everyday communication.
AI-generated translation
N1
威嚇
いかく
Making the other party afraid and trying to bend them to one's will. Used in scenes of applying pressure by threatening with a gun or a loud voice. Used as in 「威嚇射撃」 or 「威嚇行為」. Also used in scenes where animals make their bodies appear large to confront enemies.
AI-generated translation
N1
いかなる
いかなる
An adnominal word meaning "what kind of" or "any." Placed before a noun, used in the forms 「いかなる〜も」 or 「いかなる〜でも」 as a formal expression that encompasses every case or condition.
AI-generated translation
N1
いかに
いかに
An adverb meaning "how" or "to what extent." In questions used in the form 「いかに〜か」, in exclamations used in 「いかに〜ことか」. A formal written word frequently appearing in articles and commentaries.
AI-generated translation
N1
遺憾
いかん
A formal word expressing the feeling of being regretful when the result one expected has not been achieved. Used in official statements or apology contexts, as in 「遺憾の意を表する」 or 「遺憾に思う」. Rarely used in everyday conversation, mainly used in politics, diplomacy, and news.
AI-generated translation
N1
如何
いかん
Expresses what the state or outcome of something is. Used as in 「結果の如何にかかわらず」 and 「如何ともしがたい」. Used in formal writing when stating conditions or outcomes. Also often written in hiragana as 「いかん」. It is a different word from the homophone 「遺憾」 (regret).
AI-generated translation
N1
異議
いぎ
Expressing opposing thoughts toward another person's opinion or decision. In meeting or legal contexts, used as in 「異議を唱える」 or 「異議を申し立てる」. A formal word used not as a mere counter-opinion but when officially showing a position of opposition.
AI-generated translation
N2
生き甲斐
いきがい
The joy and sense of purpose one finds in being alive; a goal or pleasure that supports one's life. Used in expressions like 「生き甲斐を見つける」 and 「仕事が生き甲斐だ」.
AI-generated translation
N2
息苦しい
いきぐるしい
A state of finding it hard to breathe. Also a state in which the atmosphere of a place or human relationships is heavy and stifling. Used as in 「部屋が息苦しい」 or 「息苦しい沈黙」, both physically and metaphorically.
AI-generated translation
N1
意気込む
いきごむ
Enthusiastically pushing oneself with strong motivation to accomplish something. Used as in 「優勝するぞと意気込む」 or 「意気込んで出かける」, expressing a state in which one's spirit is positively heightened toward something.
AI-generated translation
N1
行き詰まる
いきづまる
To fall into a state of being unable to proceed further. Used in scenes where ongoing matters such as negotiations, research, business, or human relationships are stopped by obstacles. Refers to abstract stagnation, not physical blockage.
AI-generated translation
N1
意気投合
いきとうごう
A perfect match of feelings and thoughts between two people. Used in scenes where, while speaking with someone met for the first time or after a long absence, one finds the conversation harmonious and grows close. The form 「〜と意気投合する」 is the main usage.
AI-generated translation
N1
憤る
いきどおる
Holding strong anger toward things that go against principle or unforgivable acts. Used for anger based on a sense of justice, such as social injustice or unreasonable treatment, as in 「世相を憤る」 or 「不正を憤る」. A word used in formal style.
AI-generated translation
N1
行き届く
いきとどく
A state in which care or preparation has been thoroughly carried out down to the smallest details. Used in forms like 「掃除が行き届く」, 「手入れが行き届く」, or 「目が行き届く」, positively expressing the high quality of service or management.
AI-generated translation
N2
息抜き
いきぬき
To take a short break in order to ease tension or fatigue. Used in expressions like 「息抜きに散歩する」 and 「たまには息抜きも必要だ」. It is used when refreshing oneself during a break from a long stretch of work or study.
AI-generated translation
N2
意気揚々
いきようよう
A state of being triumphant and full of energy. Used in expressions like 「意気揚々と帰る」 and 「意気揚々と語る」.
AI-generated translation
N1
幾多
いくた
A number too great to count. Used for the great number of hardships, trials, or sacrifices one has overcome. Used as in 「幾多の困難」 or 「幾多の戦い」. A written word used in formal style.
AI-generated translation
N1
異口同音
いくどうおん
A four-character compound expressing a state in which many people say the same thing in unison. Used in scenes where opinions are unanimous in meetings or interviews. Used as in 「異口同音に称賛する」 or 「異口同音に反対する」.
AI-generated translation
N1
違憲
いけん
Being in violation of the constitution. Used in cases where laws or acts of government go against the provisions of the constitution. Used as in 「違憲判決」 or 「違憲審査」. A word used in formal legal and political contexts.
AI-generated translation
N1
威厳
いげん
A dignified and imposing quality so great that one finds it difficult to approach. Refers to the aura that commands respect, possessed by people of high status, elders, or those in leading positions. Used as in 「威厳がある」 or 「威厳を保つ」.
AI-generated translation
N1
憩う
いこう
Resting one's body and calming one's heart between work or travel. Used in scenes of quietly spending time in places where one can take a breather, such as parks or rest areas. Used as in 「木陰で憩う」 or 「人々が憩う広場」. A word with a literary and formal resonance.
AI-generated translation
N1
意向
いこう
One's thoughts or wishes about what one wants to do or intends to do from now on. Used as in 「意向を示す」 or 「意向を確認する」, frequently used in formal scenes when inquiring about the views of superiors or organizations.
AI-generated translation
N1
異国
いこく
A country other than one's own. Used as in 「異国の地」 or 「異国情緒」 in scenes evoking differences in culture and climate. A somewhat literary word.
AI-generated translation
N1
異彩
いさい
A color that stands out from others, and by extension, the quality of being distinctly conspicuous compared to others. Used almost exclusively in the fixed expression 「異彩を放つ」, in positive contexts where someone's outstanding individuality or originality stands out among their surroundings.
AI-generated translation
N2
潔い
いさぎよい
A state of having no lingering attachment and being clean about it. It also describes being upright and free of wrongdoing. Used in expressions like 「潔く負けを認める」 and 「潔い態度」.
AI-generated translation
N2
いざこざ
いざこざ
A minor dispute or quarrel. Used in expressions like 「いざこざが起きる」 and 「いざこざに巻き込まれる」.
AI-generated translation
N1
勇ましい
いさましい
A state overflowing with the spirit of facing things without fear. Used for the stance of advancing without retreating in scenes of fighting or challenge, as in 「勇ましい掛け声」 or 「勇ましい姿」. Mostly used with positive evaluation.
AI-generated translation
N2
意地
いじ
The feeling of wanting to push through one's own ideas or position. Often used in forms like 「意地を張る」, 「意地になる」, or 「意地でも〜する」. There are also compound expressions describing personality, such as 「意地が悪い」 or 「意地汚い」.
AI-generated translation
N2
維持
いじ
To keep a certain state unchanged, maintaining it as it is.
AI-generated translation
N2
意志
いし
The mental drive to carry something through; will. 意志が強い (strong-willed), 本人の意志で決める (decide by one's own will). The homophone 意思 refers to one's thoughts or intentions (意思を確認する "confirm someone's intention"), while 意志, described as strong or weak, refers to willpower.
AI-generated translation
N1
異質
いしつ
A quality or type that differs from others. Used as in 「異質な文化」 or 「異質な存在」, referring to something fundamentally different in nature from its surroundings. It carries not merely the meaning of "unusual," but the implication that the substance is fundamentally different.
AI-generated translation
N2
遺失物
いしつぶつ
An item that has left its owner's hands by being dropped or left behind. Items found at stations or shops are collected at a 「遺失物取扱所」 (lost-and-found office), and the person who lost them files a 「遺失物届」 (lost property report) to have them searched for. This is a formal expression used in laws and facility notices; in everyday conversation 「落とし物」 or 「忘れ物」 is more common. Because it refers to something the owner parted with by accident, it is not used for stolen items.
AI-generated translation
N1
慰謝料
いしゃりょう
Money paid to compensate for mental suffering. Demanded in cases such as divorce, traffic accidents, or having one's honor injured. Used as in 「慰謝料を請求する」 or 「慰謝料を支払う」. A word used in legal contexts.
AI-generated translation
N2
移住
いじゅう
To move one's place of living to a different region or country and settle there.
AI-generated translation
N2
萎縮
いしゅく
To shrink and become smaller. It also describes becoming timid and unable to act boldly. Used in expressions like 「筋肉が萎縮する」 and 「萎縮して何も言えない」.
AI-generated translation
N1
意匠
いしょう
A creative design regarding the shape or pattern of an object. Refers to inventiveness related to the appearance of industrial products or craft works. Used as in 「意匠登録」 or 「凝った意匠」. Also a branch of intellectual property alongside patents.
AI-generated translation
N1
異色
いしょく
A state in which distinctive features stand out compared to others. Used in forms modifying nouns, such as 「異色の経歴」 or 「異色の作品」. Implies not merely being rare, but that the nature is clearly different from others.
AI-generated translation
N1, N2
移植
いしょく
To transplant a plant to another location; also, to transplant tissue or an organ from a living body to another.
AI-generated translation
N1
いじらしい
いじらしい
A state of seeing a small child or someone in a weaker position courageously striving or enduring, and feeling pity and tenderness. Used as in 「いじらしい姿」 or 「いじらしく見える」.
AI-generated translation
N2
意地悪
いじわる
To deliberately trouble or harass someone. It also refers to a person with such a nature. Used in expressions like 「意地悪な質問」 and 「意地悪をする」.
AI-generated translation
N1
威信
いしん
The power that gathers respect and trust from those around. Used for the weight held by nations, organizations, or persons of standing. Used as in 「威信をかける」 or 「威信が揺らぐ」. Often spoken of as something that, once lost, is difficult to recover.
AI-generated translation
N1
維新
いしん
Completely renewing old systems and institutions. In history, it often refers specifically to the Meiji Restoration 「明治維新」, used as in 「維新の志士」 or 「平成維新」 to mean major social transformation. A formal word.
AI-generated translation
N1
以心伝心
いしんでんしん
The mutual understanding of feelings between two people without needing to speak. Used in scenes where intentions are conveyed without language, such as between long-married couples, well-attuned partners, or master-disciple relationships.
AI-generated translation
N1, N5
椅子
いす
chair. A tool for sitting on. Often written in hiragana or katakana as 「いす」 or 「イス」.
AI-generated translation
N2
居座る
いすわる
To remain and refuse to move from a place one should originally leave. Used in expressions like 「社長の座に居座る」 and 「台風が居座る」.
AI-generated translation
N1
威勢
いせい
A word expressing a state of having vigor and momentum. Used in forms like 「威勢がいい」 or 「威勢よく」 for a person's voice, attitude, or the atmosphere of a shop. Refers not to physical force but to a lively, cheerful state.
AI-generated translation
N2
依然
いぜん
A state in which conditions continue unchanged from before. Used as in 「依然として」 or 「依然〜のままだ」, a formal adverb emphasizing that no improvement or change is visible.
AI-generated translation
N2
遺族
いぞく
A word for the family members left behind after someone has died. Used as in 「遺族に弔意を表す」 or 「遺族の悲しみ」 in formal contexts related to death.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.