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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,238words (N1–N5 total)
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Filtered by N1・N2・N4・N5
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N4
工業
こうぎょう
industry. An industry that makes things using machines, etc.
AI-generated translation
N2
光景
こうけい
A scene or sight before one's eyes. Often used for scenes that carry the viewer's impression, as in 悲惨な光景 (a tragic sight), ほほえましい光景 (a heartwarming scene). Whereas 風景 refers to views of land or nature, 光景 includes how events appear.
AI-generated translation
N1
高潔
こうけつ
「高」 means noble, and 「潔」 means pure and free from impurity. It describes a noble character that is pure and free from greed or baseness. Used in expressions like 「高潔な人格」 or 「高潔の士」, it is a formal word used to strongly praise a person's character.
AI-generated translation
N2
貢献
こうけん
To exert effort and be of use for the sake of something or for society.
AI-generated translation
N1
豪語
ごうご
「豪」 means grand or exaggerated, and 「語」 means to speak. It refers to declaring grand things with full confidence. Used in expressions like 「優勝を豪語する」 or 「豪語してはばからない」, it is a word with a slightly ironic tone, describing the attitude of making boastful claims.
AI-generated translation
N4
高校
こうこう
The school one attends after junior high school. Formally called 「高等学校」, but usually called 「高校」.
AI-generated translation
N4
高校生
こうこうせい
high school student. A student attending high school.
AI-generated translation
N1, N2
交差
こうさ
Two or more lines or roads crossing each other.
AI-generated translation
N2
功罪
こうざい
Both the good and bad sides that a matter or person possesses. Used in expressions like 「功罪相半ばする」 or 「功罪を論じる」, it is a formal word used in situations of stating both sides of an evaluation together.
AI-generated translation
N5
交差点
こうさてん
A place where roads cross. Often has a traffic light.
AI-generated translation
N1
公算
こうさん
「公」 means public or objective, and 「算」 means to calculate; together they refer to a likelihood that has been objectively calculated. It refers to the likelihood or prospect that something will turn out a certain way. Used in expressions like 「公算が大きい」 or 「公算が高い」, it is a formal word used when stating a forecast in newspapers and news reports.
AI-generated translation
N2
後者
こうしゃ
The latter of two things mentioned. The opposite is 前者 (the former). Used in writing.
AI-generated translation
N2
控除
こうじょ
To subtract a fixed portion from a certain amount. 「医療費控除」. Used in procedures involving money and taxes.
AI-generated translation
N1
鉱床
こうしょう
「鉱」 means mineral, and 「床」 means a place or layer where matter accumulates; together they refer to a place where minerals form a layer. It refers to a place underground where minerals that can be mined are concentrated. It is a somewhat specialized formal word used in geological and resource development contexts, as in 「銅の鉱床」 or 「鉱床を発見する」.
AI-generated translation
N1
強情
ごうじょう
「強」 means strong, and 「情」 means temperament or feeling; together they mean a strong and stubborn temperament. It refers to not changing one's view and stubbornly pushing it through. Used in expressions like 「強情を張る」 or 「強情な性格」, it is a word expressing an inflexible attitude.
AI-generated translation
N2
交渉
こうしょう
To talk with another party in order to settle a matter.
AI-generated translation
N2
向上
こうじょう
An ability or condition becoming better than before. The paired opposite word is 「低下」.
AI-generated translation
N4
工場
こうじょう
factory. A building where things are made using machines. The same 「工場」 is sometimes read 「こうば」, in which case it often refers to a small factory in a town.
AI-generated translation
N2
降水
こうすい
Water that falls from the sky, such as rain or snow. 「降水確率」. A word used in weather forecasts.
AI-generated translation
N1, N2
洪水
こうずい
A river overflowing due to heavy rain or the like, leaving the land flooded. Also used figuratively, as in 「情報の洪水」.
AI-generated translation
N2
更生
こうせい
「更」 means to renew, and 「生」 means to live; together they mean to live again. It refers to recovering from a bad state or way of life and starting anew. Used in expressions like 「社会復帰して更生する」, in situations of someone who has committed a crime or faced problems making a fresh start.
AI-generated translation
N2
構成
こうせい
To assemble several elements into a single whole; also, that assembly itself.
AI-generated translation
N2
功績
こうせき
It refers to splendid achievements recognized by society, left behind through effort or work. Used in expressions like 「功績を残す」 or 「功績をたたえる」, it is a formal word for accomplishments or contributions.
AI-generated translation
N1
傲然
ごうぜん
「傲」 means to be arrogant and to look down on others. It describes an attitude of acting haughtily and looking down on those around. Used in expressions like 「傲然と言い放つ」 or 「傲然たる態度」, it is a formal word expressing strong arrogance.
AI-generated translation
N2
公然
こうぜん
Being openly and clearly public, without concern for others' eyes. 「公然と批判する」「公然の秘密」.
AI-generated translation
N2
抗争
こうそう
To fight fiercely against an opponent. Often used for conflict between groups or organizations.
AI-generated translation
N2
構想
こうそう
To work out in one's mind the overall plan for how to carry something forward.
AI-generated translation
N2
拘束
こうそく
「拘」 means to detain, and 「束」 means to bind; the word combines two synonymous characters. It refers to not allowing a person or thing to move freely and binding them within a fixed range. Used in expressions like 「身柄を拘束する」 or 「拘束時間」, it is a formal word used in police and labor contexts.
AI-generated translation
N2
後退
こうたい
(1) To move backward. 「一歩後退する」. (2) Momentum or a condition worsening. 「景気が後退する」. The paired opposite word is 「前進」.
AI-generated translation
N2
光沢
こうたく
The surface of an object being smooth and shiny.
AI-generated translation
N2
強奪
ごうだつ
It refers to forcibly taking another's property using violence or threats. Used in expressions like 「強奪する」 or 「現金を強奪される」, it is a formal word for crime.
AI-generated translation
N1
豪胆
ごうたん
「豪」 means strong and vigorous, and 「胆」 originally refers to the gallbladder, an internal organ, and is used as a metaphor for courage. It describes a character that has nerve and is rarely shaken by anything. Used in expressions like 「豪胆な人物」 or 「豪胆にふるまう」, it is a formal word expressing a brave and firmly resolved character.
AI-generated translation
N2
公団
こうだん
An organization set up by the national or local government to carry out public projects. This is a somewhat old term for the system, and today many such organizations have been renamed.
AI-generated translation
N5
紅茶
こうちゃ
Tea with a reddish-brown color. Often drunk with milk or sugar.
AI-generated translation
N2
好調
こうちょう
A condition being good and progressing smoothly. The paired opposite word is 「不調」.
AI-generated translation
N4
校長
こうちょう
principal. The highest-ranking person at a school. Oversees the entire school.
AI-generated translation
N4
交通
こうつう
Movement of people and things by car, train, airplane, etc. Example: 「交通がべんりなまち」 (a town with convenient transportation).
AI-generated translation
N1
拘泥
こうでい
「拘」 means to hold or detain, and 「泥」 originally means to be stuck in mud and unable to move, from which it came to mean to cling. It refers to being caught up in trivial details and unable to move forward. Used in expressions like 「形式に拘泥する」 or 「過去に拘泥する」, it is a formal word for criticizing an inflexible attitude.
AI-generated translation
N2
肯定
こうてい
To acknowledge that something is indeed the case.
AI-generated translation
N2
高騰
こうとう
「高」 means high, and 「騰」 means to leap up; the latter character originally depicted a horse rearing up. From this, the word refers to prices suddenly rising sharply. Used in expressions like 「価格が高騰する」 or 「高騰を招く」, it is a formal word used in economic and market contexts.
AI-generated translation
N2
口頭
こうとう
To convey something directly by speaking, rather than in writing. 「口頭で説明する」. The paired opposite word is 「書面」.
AI-generated translation
N4
講堂
こうどう
auditorium. A room at a school, etc., where many people gather for ceremonies and events.
AI-generated translation
N2
購読
こうどく
To pay for and subscribe to a newspaper, magazine, or the like, reading it on an ongoing basis. The word 「講読」 (a class for reading and interpreting books), which has the same reading, is now rarely used.
AI-generated translation
N2
公認
こうにん
For a country or organization to officially recognize something. 「公認会計士」.
AI-generated translation
N1
荒廃
こうはい
For land or a building to fall into ruin and become desolate. It is also used to mean that a person's heart becomes desolate and loses its warmth.
AI-generated translation
N2
購買
こうばい
To purchase goods. A formal, written way of saying "to buy," used in economic contexts.
AI-generated translation
N1
業腹
ごうはら
「業」 is a Buddhist term meaning intense anger and irritation, and 「腹」 means the belly, used as a metaphor for the place where feelings of anger build up. It refers to being so angry that one cannot bear it. Used in expressions like 「業腹だ」 or 「業腹でならない」, it is an archaic and formal word expressing strong anger or chagrin.
AI-generated translation
N5
交番
こうばん
A small building where a police officer is stationed. A place to ask for directions or report lost items.
AI-generated translation
N2
交付
こうふ
For a government office or the like to officially hand over a document, money, etc. 「証明書を交付する」. Used in the context of official procedures.
AI-generated translation
N2
降伏
こうふく
To admit defeat in a battle, lay down one's arms, and submit to the opponent. Also written 「降服」. It refers to an army or nation stopping combat and coming under the control of the victor, and is also used when an individual stops fighting and yields to an opponent. Note that 「降伏」 also has a Buddhist meaning: defeating evil spirits or enemies through the power of the buddhas and gods.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.