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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,238words (N1–N5 total)
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N2
打ち切る
うちきる
Ending an ongoing activity, broadcast, or transaction earlier than planned, midway through. Used as in 「連載を打ち切る」 or 「交渉を打ち切る」 in scenes of unilaterally or decisively halting something.
AI-generated translation
N1
打ち砕く
うちくだく
Breaking a hard object into small pieces with great force, or completely shattering hopes and plans. Used as in 「岩を打ち砕く」 or 「夢を打ち砕く」, for both physical destruction and the shattering of hopes.
AI-generated translation
N2
打ち消す
うちけす
Consciously denying and driving away anxiety, doubt, or bad premonitions that have arisen in one's heart. Used as in 「不安を打ち消す」 or 「嫌な予感を打ち消す」. Also has the meaning of denying rumors or remarks as untrue, and of drowning out a sound with another sound.
AI-generated translation
N2
打ち込む
うちこむ
To focus one's mind strongly on one thing and engage in it earnestly. Used as in 「研究に打ち込む」 or 「仕事に打ち込む」 in scenes of becoming absorbed in a subject. Also has the physical meaning of driving in something like a nail.
AI-generated translation
N1
打ち出す
うちだす
Clearly showing and publicly announcing a new policy, idea, or strategy. Used as in 「新方針を打ち出す」 or 「独自色を打ち出す」 in scenes of forcefully asserting outward what one has held inside.
AI-generated translation
N1
打ち解ける
うちとける
The state in which initial wariness and reserve disappear, allowing one to talk intimately and at ease with the other person. Used as in 「初対面でもすぐ打ち解ける」. Expresses a state in which formal distance shrinks and one can open one's heart to interact.
AI-generated translation
N1
打ち所
うちどころ
The place where the body has been struck, or a point that deserves criticism. 「打ち所が悪い」 means striking a fatal part when falling, while 「非の打ち所がない」 means there is not a single flaw. Both are established as fixed idiomatic expressions.
AI-generated translation
N1
打ちのめす
うちのめす
To strike down an opponent so forcefully that they cannot get up, defeating them thoroughly. Used as in 「相手を打ちのめす」 or 「失敗に打ちのめされる」, applying to both physical blows and mental shocks.
AI-generated translation
N1
打ち破る
うちやぶる
Smashing through walls, restrictions, or bad situations that have stood in the way until now, with strong force and momentum. Used as in 「固定観念を打ち破る」 or 「記録を打ち破る」 in scenes of overcoming something to bring about a new development.
AI-generated translation
N3
宇宙
うちゅう
universe. The expanse of all stars and space, including the earth. Example: 「宇宙飛行士」 (astronaut), 「宇宙旅行」 (space travel).
AI-generated translation
N1
有頂天
うちょうてん
A state of being so overjoyed that one forgets oneself. Used as in 「優勝して有頂天になる」, expressing a state of being so elated by great success or good fortune that one loses composure. Also used in contexts that foreshadow a subsequent failure.
AI-generated translation
N1
打ち寄せる
うちよせる
Waves and similar things surging vigorously toward the shore, or emotions and information arriving in continuous succession. Used as in 「波が打ち寄せる」 or 「声援が打ち寄せる」, in both physical and abstract senses.
AI-generated translation
N1
内輪
うちわ
A very limited circle of people, such as family and close friends. Used as in 「内輪で祝う」 or 「内輪の話」, referring to intimate relationships that exclude outsiders. Also has the meaning of estimating amounts or numbers conservatively.
AI-generated translation
N2
内訳
うちわけ
Showing the total amount or quantity broken down in detail by item. On invoices or budget documents, used as in 「費用の内訳を示す」 or 「支出の内訳を確認する」. Used in contexts of explaining what the total figure is composed of.
AI-generated translation
N3
撃つ
うつ
shoot. To fire a bullet using a gun, etc. Example: 「鳥を撃つ」 (to shoot a bird). The homophone 「打つ」 refers to the action of hitting, as in 「くぎを打つ」 (to hammer a nail), and 「討つ」 means to defeat an enemy; all three are written differently.
AI-generated translation
N1, N2
訴える
うったえる
To make a formal appeal to a court for judgment; to sue. From this, it is also used for strongly conveying pain or dissatisfaction (痛みを訴える "complain of pain"), resorting to a means (武力に訴える "resort to force"), and appealing strongly to someone's emotions (心に訴える "appeal to the heart").
AI-generated translation
N1
うつつ
うつつ
The state of being awake, or reality. Used as in 「夢とうつつの区別がつかない」 or 「うつつを抜かす」. The form 「うつつを抜かす」 in particular is a frequently appearing idiom meaning to be so absorbed in one thing that one neglects one's main duties.
AI-generated translation
N1
打って変わる
うってかわる
A condition or attitude suddenly changing into something entirely different from before. Used as in 「打って変わって穏やかになる」, mostly used adverbially in the 「〜て」 form, in contexts emphasizing the contrast between before and after.
AI-generated translation
N1
うってつけ
うってつけ
A state of fitting an objective or condition perfectly, as if it were custom-ordered. Used as in 「この仕事に彼はうってつけだ」. A formal word used when a person, place, or opportunity is optimally suited.
AI-generated translation
N2
うっとうしい
うっとうしい
A damp, gloomy feeling that will not lift. It also describes something bothersome and unpleasant. Used in expressions like 「梅雨はうっとうしい」 and 「前髪がうっとうしい」.
AI-generated translation
N1
虚ろ
うつろ
A state in which the inside is empty and one cannot sense any strength or emotion. Used as in 「虚ろな目」 or 「虚ろな表情」, expressing a state of being absentminded or having lost one's vigor. Used in scenes where the heart or expression is like an empty shell.
AI-generated translation
N1
疎い
うとい
Having little knowledge or information about a certain field. Used as in 「経済に疎い」 or 「芸能界に疎い」. Also used in the sense of relationships with others being distant and not close, as in 「疎い仲」.
AI-generated translation
N1
疎む
うとむ
Disliking the other party and trying to keep them at a distance. Used as in 「周囲から疎まれる」. Not clear hostility, but expresses the feeling of finding someone bothersome and wanting to keep one's distance. Used in somewhat formal writing.
AI-generated translation
N2
促す
うながす
Working on the other party so that they will do something. Used as in 「発言を促す」, 「注意を促す」, or 「反省を促す」 in scenes of drawing out an action without compulsion. Frequently used in somewhat formal writing.
AI-generated translation
N1
うなぎ登り
うなぎのぼり
An idiom derived from the image of an eel vigorously swimming upstream, used to describe prices, popularity, or reputation rising rapidly and continuously. Used in contexts of steady upward growth, as in 「売り上げがうなぎ登り」 and 「人気がうなぎ登り」.
AI-generated translation
N2
頷く
うなずく
The motion of nodding the head up and down to indicate feelings of agreement, understanding, or consent. Used as in 「深く頷く」 or 「黙って頷く」 in scenes of agreeing with another's words or conveying that one has understood.
AI-generated translation
N1
うなだれる
うなだれる
Drooping one's head forward weakly due to disappointment, dejection, or shame. Used as in 「しょんぼりとうなだれる」 or 「がっくりとうなだれる」 in scenes where mental dejection appears in one's posture.
AI-generated translation
N1
唸る
うなる
Emitting a low, prolonged voice. Expresses a moan emitted due to suffering, admiration, or discomfort. Used as in 「犬が唸る」, 「傷の痛みで唸る」, or 「見事さに思わず唸った」. Also used for low-resonating sounds of wind or machinery.
AI-generated translation
N1
自惚れ
うぬぼれ
Evaluating one's own ability or charm higher than it actually is and becoming self-satisfied. Used as in 「自惚れが強い」 or 「自惚れにすぎない」, referring to a state seen from others as overconfidence. A word with a somewhat negative implication.
AI-generated translation
N1
うねる
うねる
A state in which waves, roads, or bodies continue while bending and curving in large undulations. Used as in 「大波がうねる」 or 「山道がうねる」. Expresses a state not of static straight lines but of continuous motion describing curves and rises and falls.
AI-generated translation
N1
鵜呑み
うのみ
「鵜」 (cormorant) is a bird that catches fish in its beak and swallows them whole without chewing. From this image comes the idiom expressing the act of believing someone's words or information as-is without proper verification. Used in the form 「鵜呑みにする」, it negatively describes an attitude of accepting things without scrutiny. Frequently appears in journalism, political, and educational contexts.
AI-generated translation
N3
奪う
うばう
To forcibly take another person's belongings. Example: 「財布を奪う」 (to steal a wallet), 「自由を奪う」 (to take away someone's freedom). Also used to mean being strongly captivated, as in 「心を奪われる」 (to have one's heart captured).
AI-generated translation
N2
埋まる
うまる
The state in which something enters from above or inside and becomes covered or filled. Used as in 「雪に埋まる」 or 「予定が埋まる」, in both the physical sense of being covered and the sense of all empty spaces being filled.
AI-generated translation
N1
産みの苦しみ
うみのくるしみ
Originally referred to the pain of childbirth. By extension, it is an idiom expressing the mental and physical hardship experienced in the process of creating something new. Used metaphorically for difficulties in situations of creating something from scratch, such as creative work or launching a business, as in 「新商品開発の産みの苦しみ」.
AI-generated translation
N1
有無
うむ
Existence and nonexistence. Used in scenes asking whether something exists, as in 「有無を確かめる」 or 「経験の有無」. Also used in the form 「有無を言わせず」 with the meaning of forcefully proceeding with something without obtaining the other party's consent.
AI-generated translation
N1
有無を言わさず
うむをいわさず
To proceed with something unilaterally without giving the other party room to consent or make excuses. Used in expressions like 「有無を言わさず連れて行く」, an idiom expressing forceful or coercive action. Used adverbially, frequently appearing in formal writing.
AI-generated translation
N1
埋め合わせ
うめあわせ
Making up for a deficiency, loss, or trouble caused, by some other form, in order to balance it out. Used as in 「損失の埋め合わせ」 or 「埋め合わせをする」 in scenes of filling in what is lacking later to restore equilibrium.
AI-generated translation
N1
埋め込む
うめこむ
Placing one thing firmly inside another and fixing it in place. Used as in 「床に配線を埋め込む」 or 「文章に引用を埋め込む」, both for physical installation and for inserting into documents or data.
AI-generated translation
N2
埋め立て
うめたて
Construction work that fills the sea, lakes, or swamps with earth and sand to create land. Used as in 「湾の埋め立て」 or 「埋め立て地」 in scenes of large-scale projects converting water surface into residential or industrial land.
AI-generated translation
N1, N2
埋もれる
うもれる
Being deeply hidden under or within something so as to be no longer visible, or one's talent or existence ending without being known to the world. Used as in 「雪に埋もれる」 or 「才能が埋もれる」, in both the physical sense of being covered and the sense of not being noticed.
AI-generated translation
N1
恭しい
うやうやしい
A state of taking an extremely polite and respectful attitude, with deep reverence toward the other party. Used as in 「恭しく頭を下げる」 or 「恭しい口調」. Frequently used in formal contexts with superiors or with deities and the Buddha.
AI-generated translation
N1
敬う
うやまう
Treating someone politely with feelings of respect toward superiors or distinguished people. Used as in 「師を敬う」 or 「先人を敬う」 in scenes of highly evaluating the character and achievements of the other party and showing courtesy.
AI-generated translation
N1
うやむや
うやむや
A state in which something is brought to an end without becoming clear, in an ambiguous manner. Used as in 「問題をうやむやにする」 or 「責任がうやむやになる」. Expresses a state of avoiding clear conclusions or resolution and finishing things off vaguely.
AI-generated translation
N1
紆余曲折
うよきょくせつ
A matter not progressing smoothly but going through a complicated course. Used as in 「紆余曲折を経て結論に至る」. A four-character compound originating from the image of a winding road, expressing situations in which arguments or plans proceed while changing many times.
AI-generated translation
N1
裏返す
うらがえす
Flipping front and back, or reviewing a story or stance from the opposite perspective. Used as in 「服を裏返す」 or 「発言を裏返す」, both for physical reversal and for the reversal of viewpoint or interpretation.
AI-generated translation
N3
裏切る
うらぎる
betray. To act against the expectations of someone who trusts you. Example: 「仲間を裏切る」 (to betray a companion). Also used to mean going against expectations, as in 「期待を裏切らない結果」 (a result that doesn't disappoint expectations).
AI-generated translation
N2
裏口
うらぐち
An entrance to a building that is not the front one. By extension, an improper, illegitimate means of doing something. Used in expressions like 「裏口入学」 and 「裏口から入る」.
AI-generated translation
N2
裏工作
うらこうさく
A scheme or behind-the-scenes maneuvering carried out secretly, without bringing it into the open. Used in expressions like 「裏工作を行う」. It carries a somewhat negative nuance.
AI-generated translation
N1
裏付け
うらづけ
Solid evidence or grounds showing that a claim or assumption is correct. Used as in 「裏付けを取る」 or 「発言の裏付けがない」. A formal word frequently appearing in news, investigations, and contexts of verifying facts.
AI-generated translation
N1
裏腹
うらはら
「裏」 refers to the back side and 「腹」 to the front side; from this contrast comes the meaning of an outward attitude or words being completely opposite to one's inner feelings. Used in expressions such as 「言葉とは裏腹に」 and 「気持ちとは裏腹に」, in situations where outward appearance contradicts true inner feelings.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.