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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,241words (N1–N5 total)
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N1
とぼける
とぼける
Means to pretend not to know something you actually know. Used as in 「とぼけた顔」 and 「とぼけた答え」. In kanji it is written 「惚ける」, but it is generally written in hiragana. Note that 「惚ける」 can also be read 「ぼける」 (to grow dull-minded; to become blurred) or 「ほうける」 (to lose oneself in something, as in 「遊び惚ける」), with the meaning differing by reading.
AI-generated translation
N2
乏しい
とぼしい
The necessary amount or degree being lacking. Used in expressions such as 「資源に乏しい」「経験が乏しい」.
AI-generated translation
N3, N5
止まる
とまる
For something that was moving to stop moving. Example: 「電車が止まる」 (a train stops).
AI-generated translation
N2
富
とみ
Large amounts of money and assets, or wealth itself. Used in expressions such as 「富を築く」「富の偏在」. A formal word used in contexts discussing economy or society.
AI-generated translation
N2
富む
とむ
To have abundant wealth and prosperity. Used as in「国が富む」(the country grows wealthy),「富める者」(the wealthy). By extension, it is also used to mean having a particular quality or element in abundance, combined with abstract nouns as in「変化に富む」(rich in variety),「経験に富む」(rich in experience).
AI-generated translation
N3
泊める
とめる
To let someone stay overnight at one's own home, etc. Example: 「友人を家に泊める」 (to let a friend stay at one's house). 「泊める」 is used for the side that takes someone in, while 「泊まる」 is used for the side that spends the night there: compare 「友人を家に泊める」 with 「友人が家に泊まる」. Note the distinction from the homophones 「止める」 and 「留める」.
AI-generated translation
N1
ともすれば
ともすれば
An adverb meaning 「somehow」 or 「if one is not careful」. Used to indicate situations that are prone to falling into undesirable tendencies.
AI-generated translation
N3
虎
とら
tiger. A large cat-family animal with a yellow and black striped pattern.
AI-generated translation
N2
取り扱う
とりあつかう
Processing matters or handling goods as merchandise. Used in expressions such as 「苦情を取り扱う」「輸入品を取り扱う」.
AI-generated translation
N2
取り入れる
とりいれる
Accepting and utilizing things from outside as one's own. Used in expressions such as 「新技術を取り入れる」.
AI-generated translation
N2
取り囲む
とりかこむ
Surrounding the area with many people or things. Used in expressions such as 「記者が取り囲む」「敵に取り囲まれる」.
AI-generated translation
N1
取り決め
とりきめ
A promise or rule agreed upon and set by the parties involved through discussion. Used in expressions such as 「取り決めを守る」「両社間の取り決め」.
AI-generated translation
N2
取り組む
とりくむ
Seriously facing a task or problem and putting in effort. Used in expressions such as 「問題に取り組む」.
AI-generated translation
N1
虜
とりこ
A captive, or a person whose heart has been captured and become entranced. Used in expressions such as 「恋の虜」「美しさの虜になる」.
AI-generated translation
N2
取り壊す
とりこわす
Demolishing and removing a building or structure. Used in expressions such as 「古い家を取り壊す」. Used for architectural structures.
AI-generated translation
N2
取り締まる
とりしまる
Monitoring and apprehending acts that violate laws or rules. Used in expressions such as 「違法行為を取り締まる」.
AI-generated translation
N1
取り調べ
とりしらべ
The police or prosecution questioning related parties to clarify the truth of a case. Used in expressions such as 「容疑者の取り調べ」.
AI-generated translation
N2
取り次ぐ
とりつぐ
Conveying one party's matter to another, or standing in the middle as a go-between. Used in expressions such as 「電話を取り次ぐ」「伝言を取り次ぐ」.
AI-generated translation
N1
取り繕う
とりつくろう
Covering up a failure or unfavorable situation by patching it up as a stopgap. Used in expressions such as 「言い訳で取り繕う」.
AI-generated translation
N1
取り留めない
とりとめない
Lacking coherence and having no clear main point. Used in expressions such as 「取り留めない話」「取り留めない夢」.
AI-generated translation
N1
とりなす
とりなす
Stepping between people who are in conflict to reconcile them or to soften the atmosphere. Used in expressions such as 「喧嘩をとりなす」.
AI-generated translation
N2
取り除く
とりのぞく
Removing what gets in the way or is unnecessary. Used in expressions such as 「障害を取り除く」「不安を取り除く」.
AI-generated translation
N1
取り計らう
とりはからう
Handling matters in a way convenient for the other party. A polite word used in contexts of showing consideration or providing convenience. Used in expressions such as 「よろしく取り計らう」.
AI-generated translation
N1
取り持つ
とりもつ
Standing in the middle to improve the relationship between people or to settle a matter. Used in expressions such as 「仲を取り持つ」「縁を取り持つ」.
AI-generated translation
N3
努力
どりょく
effort. To put in effort and work hard for a goal. Example: 「努力が実る」 (one's efforts bear fruit).
AI-generated translation
N2
取り寄せる
とりよせる
Ordering from a distant shop or supplier and having goods delivered to oneself. Used in expressions such as 「カタログを取り寄せる」.
AI-generated translation
N1
とりわけ
とりわけ
An adverb meaning 「especially」 or 「among them, particularly」. Used to emphasize one item among several. A word favored in formal style.
AI-generated translation
N3, N5
取る
とる
take. To hold something with one's hand and bring it toward oneself. Example: 「新聞を取る」 (to get the newspaper).
AI-generated translation
N3
泥
どろ
mud. Soil that has become soft from mixing with water. Example: 「泥だらけ」 (covered in mud).
AI-generated translation
N1
徒労
とろう
Effort being made but no results obtained, ending in waste. Used in expressions such as 「徒労に終わる」. A formal word used in negative contexts.
AI-generated translation
N2
問屋
とんや
A business that purchases goods in bulk from producers and wholesales them to retail shops. Used as in 「青果問屋」「酒問屋」「問屋街」, often with the type of goods handled placed before the name. Standing between producers and retailers to handle distribution, it has played an important role in the history of Japanese commerce. The idiom 「そうは問屋が卸さない」 is used to mean "things will not go as one wishes."
AI-generated translation
N1
どんより
どんより
A state in which the sky is cloudy, dark, and oppressive, or a mood or expression that is sunken and lacking vitality. Used in expressions such as 「どんよりした空」「どんよりした目」.
AI-generated translation
N1
ないがしろ
ないがしろ
Means treating something that should be valued lightly or with neglect. Used as in 「礼儀をないがしろにする」 and 「安全をないがしろにする」. In kanji it is written 「蔑ろ」, but it is generally written in hiragana.
AI-generated translation
N1
内需
ないじゅ
Demand arising from domestic consumption and investment. Used in economic contexts, as in「内需を拡大する」or「内需主導の成長」.
AI-generated translation
N2
内定
ないてい
An informal internal decision made before the formal announcement. Used as in「就職の内定」or「内定を取り消す」.
AI-generated translation
N1
内紛
ないふん
A dispute or conflict that arises within an organization or group. Used as in「党内の内紛」or「内紛が激化する」.
AI-generated translation
N1
内密
ないみつ
Keeping something secret so that others do not find out. Used as in「内密に処理する」or「内密の話」.
AI-generated translation
N1
内憂外患
ないゆうがいかん
A situation in which a country or organization has internal worries while also being beset by external problems. Used as in「内憂外患に苦しむ」.
AI-generated translation
N3
内容
ないよう
content. What is contained inside. The substance of a story or piece of writing. Example: 「話の内容」 (the content of a story).
AI-generated translation
N1
なおかつ
なおかつ
A connective adverb meaning "in addition to what was just said, and moreover". Used as in「優秀で、なおかつ謙虚だ」.
AI-generated translation
N1
なおざり
なおざり
Doing something carelessly, without paying sufficient attention. Used as in「なおざりにする」or「なおざりにされる」. Note the distinction from「おざなり」:「なおざり」is closer to leaving something neglected.
AI-generated translation, reviewed by a native speaker
N3, N4
直す
なおす
To fix a bad part and make it good. Example: 「じてんしゃを直す」 (to fix a bicycle). It also means to correct a mistaken part, or to rewrite something one has written. Examples: 「答えを直す」 (to correct an answer), 「作文を直す」 (to revise a composition). It is also used to mean making an illness or an injury better, but in that case it is written 「治す（なおす）」 to distinguish it.
AI-generated translation
N1
なおも
なおも
An adverb expressing that something continues despite a change in the situation. Used as in「なおも抵抗する」or「なおも追い求める」.
AI-generated translation
N3
仲
なか
The relationship between people. Example: 「仲がいい」 (to be on good terms), 「仲直り」 (to make up/reconcile).
AI-generated translation
N2
仲直り
なかなおり
For people who have quarreled or become estranged to return to their original good relationship.
AI-generated translation
N2, N3
仲間
なかま
A close person one does things together with. Example: 「仕事仲間」 (work colleagues). Also used to mean things belonging to the same category, as in 「トマトは野菜の仲間」 (a tomato belongs to the vegetable family).
AI-generated translation
N2, N3
中身
なかみ
What is inside something. Example: 「箱の中身」 (the contents of a box). Also used to mean the substance of a story or plan.
AI-generated translation
N3
眺める
ながめる
To slowly look at something far away or over a wide area. Example: 「窓から景色を眺める」 (to gaze at the scenery from a window).
AI-generated translation
N2, N3
流れる
ながれる
For a liquid to move along. Example: 「川が流れる」 (a river flows). Also used to mean time passing, music being heard, or a plan being canceled, as in 「計画が流れる」 (a plan falls through). 「流す」 is used when a person makes water or the like flow, while 「流れる」 is used when it moves along on its own: compare 「水を流す」 with 「水が流れる」.
AI-generated translation
N1
凪
なぎ
A state in which the wind has died down and the sea surface has become calm. Often used together with words for times of day, as in「朝凪」or「夕凪」.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.