The feeling of seeking one's own personal gain or satisfaction. Used in forms like 「私欲にとらわれる」「私利私欲」, in critical contexts.
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N4食事しょくじ
meal. Eating breakfast, lunch, dinner, etc.
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N4食堂しょくどう
A shop or room for eating meals.
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N4食料品しょくりょうひん
Food products. Example: 「食料品店」 (a grocery store).
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N2徐行じょこう
A vehicle or the like moving so slowly that it can stop immediately.
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N2所在しょざい
The place where a person or thing exists. It can also indicate where responsibility lies. Used as in 「所在を明らかにする」(to make clear where something is) or 「責任の所在」(the locus of responsibility).
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N2所持しょじ
To have something as one's own, including both physical possession and ownership. Used for "carrying on one's person" (as in 「免許証を所持する」 - to carry a license) as well as "owning/holding" (as in 「別荘を所持する」 - to own a villa). Used in formal contexts regarding documents, money, objects, rights, or assets.
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N4女性じょせい
woman. A polite way of referring to a female person.
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N2女装じょそう
A man dressing and appearing as a woman. A woman dressing and appearing as a man is called 「男装」.
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N4知らせるしらせる
To convey something to a person, letting them know. Example: 「けっかを知らせる」 (to inform of the result).
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N4調べるしらべる
To check something one doesn't know, by looking it up in a book or on the internet, etc.
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N1退けるしりぞける
Originally means to make a person or thing move back. By extension, it is also used in the sense of refusing to accept an opponent or a proposal. Used as in 「敵を退ける」(to repel an enemy) or 「反対意見を退ける」(to reject opposing opinions).
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N2自立じりつ
To live or do things by one's own effort, without relying on others.
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N1試練しれん
A severe hardship that tests a person's ability and conviction. Used in forms like 「試練を乗り越える」「試練に立ち向かう」.
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N1芯しん
The hard part at the center of an object. Used as in 「リンゴの芯」(apple core) or 「鉛筆の芯」(pencil lead). By extension, it also refers to the essential core of a person's mind or of a matter, and is used in forms such as 「芯が強い」(to have a strong core, i.e., to be mentally tough).
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N2侵害しんがい
The act of unjustly intruding upon another's rights or domain and causing harm. Used in forms like 「権利を侵害する」「プライバシーの侵害」.
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N2, N4人口じんこう
population. The number of people living in a certain country or town.
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N2審査しんさ
To examine an entry or a qualification in detail and decide whether it passes or fails, or how it ranks.
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N1真摯しんし
A sincere and earnest attitude. Used in forms like 「真摯に向き合う」「真摯な姿勢」.
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N3真実しんじつ
The truth, with no lies in it.
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N2信者しんじゃ
A person who believes in a particular religion or teaching.
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N4神社じんじゃ
shrine. A Japanese building where a deity is enshrined.
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N2真珠しんじゅ
A round, beautiful gem formed inside a shellfish. Used as a jewel.
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N2進出しんしゅつ
To extend one's influence and advance into a new field or place. 「海外に進出する」「決勝に進出する」.
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N1心情しんじょう
The feelings or inner thoughts a person holds in a given situation. Often used in contexts of empathizing with another's feelings, in forms like 「心情を察する」「複雑な心情」.
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N2信条しんじょう
A belief or principle of action that one firmly holds and is determined to uphold. Used in forms like 「信条とする」「政治信条」, expressing the conviction at the core of one's way of life.
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N2浸水しんすい
A house or piece of land being submerged in water due to flooding or the like.
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N1神聖しんせい
Free of impurity and so precious that it must not be violated. Used in expressions like 「神聖な場所」, it is often applied to things held sacred in a religious sense.
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N4親切しんせつ
kind. To do something for another person's benefit, wholeheartedly.
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N2親善しんぜん
The maintenance of friendly and good relationships between nations, organizations, or people. Used in forms like 「親善試合」「親善大使」 in contexts of exchange or friendship.
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N3新鮮しんせん
Fish or vegetables being fresh. Also used to mean something novel and lively, as in 「新鮮な驚き」 (a fresh surprise).
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N2深層しんそう
The deep part of something that does not appear on the surface. 「心の深層」. The paired opposite word is 「表層」.
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N2真相しんそう
The true state of affairs hidden behind what appears on the surface. Used in situations of uncovering hidden facts, as in 「真相を究明する」.
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N2迅速じんそく
A response or movement being very quick. The paired opposite word is 「緩慢」.
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N1甚大じんだい
Damage or impact so great that it exceeds ordinary measures. Used in forms like 「甚大な被害」「甚大な影響」, emphasizing the scale of a negative situation.
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N3慎重しんちょう
The state of being careful and not acting rashly. Used in forms like 「慎重に検討する」「慎重な判断」, expressing the careful handling of matters to avoid failure.
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N2進捗しんちょく
Work or a plan progressing smoothly. 「進捗状況」.
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N2振動しんどう
An object shaking or vibrating in small, repeated movements.
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N4心配しんぱい
A feeling of unease from thinking something might not go well. Example: 「けんこうが心配だ」 (worried about one's health).
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N4新聞社しんぶんしゃ
A company that produces and publishes newspapers.
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N2親密しんみつ
A relationship between people that is very close and deeply connected. Used in forms like 「親密な間柄」「親密な関係」.
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N2人脈じんみゃく
A word indicating a network of human relationships built up in work or social life. Used in forms like 「人脈を広げる」「人脈を生かす」. Particularly valued in business contexts.
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N1尽力じんりょく
The act of devoting one's efforts to a particular matter. Often used in formal settings with expressions of gratitude toward others, in forms like 「尽力する」「ご尽力に感謝する」.
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N3図ず
diagram. Something that shows the structure or relationships of things clearly using lines or drawings. Example: 「図で説明する」 (to explain with a diagram).
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N1随一ずいいち
Being the most outstanding within a certain scope. A somewhat formal word used in forms like 「国内随一の規模」「業界随一の実力」, evaluating something as number one among many.
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N4水泳すいえい
swimming. To swim, and the sport of doing so.
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N1遂行すいこう
The act of carrying out an entrusted task or plan to its completion. A formal word used in forms like 「職務を遂行する」「任務を遂行する」 in contexts of completing actions involving responsibility. It is read 「すい・こう」; note that 「遂」 is read 「すい」.
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N1随時ずいじ
Meaning "whenever needed" rather than at a fixed time. A somewhat formal word used in forms like 「随時受け付ける」「随時更新する」 in contexts where there is no fixed timing and response is given upon request.
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N1衰弱すいじゃく
The weakening of physical strength and energy to the point of being unable to function as before. A formal word used in forms like 「衰弱が進む」「体が衰弱する」 in contexts where bodily functions decline due to illness, age, or fatigue.
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N1随所ずいしょ
Meaning "everywhere" or "here and there." A somewhat formal word used in forms like 「随所に工夫が見られる」「随所に配置する」 in contexts referring to things commonly seen in many places.
This word has different meanings and uses at each level
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