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ALL LEVELS・N1–N5
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4,241words (N1–N5 total)
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N2
寂れる
さびれる
For a place that once thrived to lose its vitality and become desolate. Used in expressions like 「寂れた商店街」 and 「町が寂れる」, it describes a place declining and becoming empty of people.
AI-generated translation
N3
座布団
ざぶとん
floor cushion. A cushion laid down for sitting on tatami or a floor. Example: 「座布団をすすめる」 (to offer someone a floor cushion).
AI-generated translation
N3
差別
さべつ
discrimination. To treat certain people unfairly without a valid reason. Example: 「差別をなくす」 (to eliminate discrimination), 「人種差別」 (racial discrimination). The similar word 「区別」 refers to the act of distinguishing things by their differences itself, and does not carry a negative meaning.
AI-generated translation
N2
作法
さほう
The proper way of conducting oneself; manners, etiquette. 食事の作法 (table manners), 礼儀作法 (etiquette). Read さほう, not さくほう.
AI-generated translation
N1
さほど
さほど
An adverb indicating that the degree is not all that great. It must be used with a negative expression, in the form 「さほど〜ない」. It conveys the speaker's judgment that something is not as expected.
AI-generated translation
N1
様変わり
さまがわり
A word indicating that the state or circumstances have changed greatly compared to before. Used for changes over time in the appearance of towns or the state of an industry. Used in forms like 「町が様変わりする」「業界が様変わりする」.
AI-generated translation
N3
様々
さまざま
various. A state of many different kinds, each different from the other. Example: 「様々な意見」 (various opinions), 「様々な国の人」 (people from various countries). More formal than 「色々」.
AI-generated translation
N2
妨げる
さまたげる
A verb meaning to hinder the progress of something so that it does not go well. Used for things in progress such as work, development, or understanding. Used in forms like 「通行を妨げる」「成長を妨げる」.
AI-generated translation
N1
些末
さまつ
A word indicating something insignificant or unimportant when viewed in the broader context. A formal word used for discussions or issues. Used in forms like 「些末な問題」「些末にこだわる」.
AI-generated translation
N3
覚める
さめる
wake up. For sleep to end and consciousness to become clear. Example: 「目が覚める」 (to wake up), 「夢から覚める」 (to wake from a dream). The homophone 「冷める」 refers to the temperature of something hot going down (e.g. 「スープが冷める」, soup cools down), and is written differently.
AI-generated translation
N4
冷める
さめる
For the temperature of something hot to drop. Also used to mean feelings weakening, as in「きょうみが冷める」(interest cools/fades).
AI-generated translation
N1
さも
さも
An adverb meaning "appearing clearly to be ~". Used in forms like 「さも〜そうに」「さも〜ように」, it indicates how something looks on the outside. It often carries the implication that the inner reality may differ. Separately, in the forms 「さもないと」「さもなくば」 it expresses the condition "otherwise / if not so," as in 「早く出よう、さもないと間に合わない」.
AI-generated translation
N3
左右
さゆう
left and right. Left and right. Example: 「左右を確認する」 (to check left and right). Also used to mean having a major influence on something, as in 「結果を左右する」 (to have a decisive effect on the result).
AI-generated translation
N2
浚う
さらう
To scoop out and remove soil or mud that has accumulated at the bottom of water. 「浚」 is a kanji not used in everyday writing, so this word is often written in hiragana. The same reading 「さらう」 with the meaning "to snatch away" is written with a different kanji, 「掠う」.
AI-generated translation
N3
更に
さらに
furthermore. On top of that, even more. It expresses that a degree becomes greater than it is now. 「更に努力する」「値段が更に上がる」. It is also used when adding another matter to what was said before. 「駅から近い。更に、周りに店も多い」「更に詳しく言うと」 is a way of adding further to a story or an explanation. Often written in hiragana.
AI-generated translation
N3
去る
さる
leave. To go away from a place. Example: 「故郷を去る」 (to leave one's hometown), 「会社を去る」 (to leave a company). Also used to refer to a past date, as in 「去る10日」 (the 10th of last month). The antonym is 「来る」 (to come).
AI-generated translation
N3
騒がしい
さわがしい
noisy. A state in which voices or sounds are loud and disruptive. Example: 「教室が騒がしい」 (the classroom is noisy). Also used to mean an unsettled state of affairs, as in 「世の中が騒がしい」 (society is in turmoil).
AI-generated translation
N3
騒ぎ
さわぎ
commotion. A noisy, unsettled state caused by loud voices or movement. Example: 「騒ぎを起こす」 (to cause an uproar), 「大騒ぎ」 (a big commotion). There is also the expression 「それどころの騒ぎではない」 (this is no time for such trivial matters).
AI-generated translation
N2
爽やか
さわやか
A refreshing, pleasant feeling in one's mood or in the air.
AI-generated translation
N1
障る
さわる
A verb meaning to spoil one's mood, or to have a negative effect on physical or mental condition. Used in forms like 「気に障る」「健康に障る」. The kanji differs from 「触る」, which means to physically touch.
AI-generated translation
N1
傘下
さんか
A word indicating a position under the control or protection of a large organization or power. From the image of standing under an umbrella to shelter from the rain, it expresses being under the protection of a stronger party. Used for corporate groups or political forces, in expressions such as 「傘下に入る」「傘下の企業」.
AI-generated translation
N3
参加
さんか
participation. To join a group or activity as a member. Example: 「大会に参加する」 (to participate in a tournament), 「参加者」 (a participant).
AI-generated translation
N2
参画
さんかく
A word indicating involvement in important plans or enterprises not merely as a participant but with a specific standing. A formal word used in administrative or large-scale project contexts. Used in forms like 「政策に参画する」「経営に参画する」.
AI-generated translation
N3
参考
さんこう
reference. To use another opinion or material as a help when thinking about something. Example: 「参考にする」 (to use as a reference), 「参考書」 (a reference book).
AI-generated translation
N2
残酷
ざんこく
Cruel and merciless, so terrible that it is hard to bear witnessing it. Used in expressions like 「残酷な仕打ち」 and 「残酷な現実」, it describes brutal acts or situations.
AI-generated translation
N1
散在
さんざい
A word indicating that things of the same kind exist scattered here and there over a wide area. A formal word used for buildings or materials. Used in forms like 「史跡が散在する」「資料が散在する」.
AI-generated translation
N1
暫時
ざんじ
A formal, classical-style adverb meaning "for a short while" or "for a moment." Used in official documents or essays, in forms like 「暫時休憩する」「暫時お待ちください」. It is read 「ざんじ」 and differs in both meaning and reading from the similar-looking 「漸次」 (ぜんじ／gradually).
AI-generated translation
N1
惨事
さんじ
A heart-wrenching and tragic event in which many people die or are injured. A formal word used for accidents or disasters. Used in forms like 「未曾有の惨事」「惨事を招く」.
AI-generated translation
N2
産出
さんしゅつ
To produce minerals, agricultural products, or the like. 「石油を産出する」.
AI-generated translation
N2
賛助
さんじょ
To agree with the purpose of a project or activity and lend one's support. 「賛助会員」.
AI-generated translation
N2
参照
さんしょう
To look at another source for reference when investigating or thinking about something.
AI-generated translation
N1
斬新
ざんしん
A word describing how an idea or method feels unprecedentedly new and fresh. Used for artworks, plans, or designs. Used in forms like 「斬新なアイデア」「斬新なデザイン」.
AI-generated translation
N3
賛成
さんせい
agreement. To recognize someone's opinion as good and agree with it. Example: 「提案に賛成する」 (to agree to a proposal), 「賛成多数」 (a majority in favor). The antonym is 「反対」 (opposition).
AI-generated translation
N3
酸素
さんそ
oxygen. A gas contained in the air, used by living things for breathing. Example: 「酸素が足りない」 (there isn't enough oxygen), 「酸素マスク」 (an oxygen mask).
AI-generated translation
N2
残高
ざんだか
The amount of money remaining in a bank account or accounting ledger. A word used in accounting and financial contexts; it is not used for things other than money. Used in forms like 「預金残高」「残高証明書」.
AI-generated translation
N1
暫定
ざんてい
A word indicating a tentative decision made for the interim until a formal decision can be reached. A formal word used in forms like 「暫定的な処置」「暫定政権」.
AI-generated translation
N2
賛同
さんどう
To agree with someone's opinion or idea.
AI-generated translation
N1
惨敗
ざんぱい
A word indicating a crushing defeat in a match, election, or battle where one is utterly unable to compete with the opponent. Used for losses with a large margin. Used in forms like 「選挙で惨敗する」「試合で惨敗する」.
AI-generated translation
N1
賛美
さんび
A word indicating the act of strongly praising in words a person, action, or work. A formal word used for evaluations of art or achievements. Used in forms like 「神を賛美する」「偉業を賛美する」.
AI-generated translation
N2
山腹
さんぷく
The area partway between the summit and the foot of a mountain; the mountainside.
AI-generated translation
N1
三昧
ざんまい
A word describing the state of being completely absorbed in a single activity. Mostly used as a suffix to other words, as in 「読書三昧」「ぜいたく三昧」, expressing devotion to something one enjoys. It is read 「ざんまい」, beginning with a voiced sound.
AI-generated translation
N1
散漫
さんまん
A word indicating a state in which one's attention and focus go in many directions and cannot concentrate on a single thing. Used in forms like 「注意力が散漫になる」「散漫な文章」.
AI-generated translation
N2
山脈
さんみゃく
A long, continuous chain formed by many mountains connected together.
AI-generated translation
N4
市
し
city. An administrative division larger than a town. Example: 「大阪市」 (Osaka City). The same 「市」 read as 「いち」 is a different word referring to an event where people gather on set days to buy and sell goods.
AI-generated translation
N4
字
じ
character. A shape written to represent language. Hiragana, katakana, kanji, etc.
AI-generated translation
N4
試合
しあい
In sports, to compete against an opponent to decide who wins or loses.
AI-generated translation
N2
仕上がる
しあがる
For something to be finished and complete. 「仕上げる」 is used for the person who works on something and completes it, and 「仕上がる」 for what reaches a finished state: 「作品を仕上げる」 versus 「作品が仕上がる」.
AI-generated translation
N3
幸せ
しあわせ
A feeling of being fulfilled at heart and happy. Example: 「幸せな毎日」 (happy everyday life), 「幸せになる」 (to become happy). The antonym is 「不幸」 (unhappiness).
AI-generated translation
N1
思案
しあん
Turning something over in one's mind, unable to decide what to do. Used as in 「思案にくれる」「思案の末」, in contexts of wracking one's brain to find a solution.
AI-generated translation
N2
飼育
しいく
To feed and care for an animal, raising it.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.