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JLPT N3 Vocabulary
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N3
状態
じょうたい
condition. The state of a person or matter at a given time. Example: 「健康状態」 (health condition), 「よい状態を保つ」 (to maintain a good condition).
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N3
真実
しんじつ
The truth, with no lies in it.
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N3
新鮮
しんせん
Fish or vegetables being fresh. Also used to mean something novel and lively, as in 「新鮮な驚き」 (a fresh surprise).
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N3
慎重
しんちょう
The state of being careful and not acting rashly. Used in forms like 「慎重に検討する」「慎重な判断」, expressing the careful handling of matters to avoid failure.
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N3
図
ず
diagram. Something that shows the structure or relationships of things clearly using lines or drawings. Example: 「図で説明する」 (to explain with a diagram).
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N3
数字
すうじ
numeral. A character used to represent a number. 1, 2, 3, etc. Also used to mean things related to calculation or statistics, as in 「数字に強い」 (good with numbers).
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N3
姿
すがた
The overall visible form or appearance of a person or thing. Example: 「後ろ姿」 (a view from behind). Also used to mean being present somewhere, as in 「姿を消す」 (to disappear).
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N3
空く
すく
to become less crowded, to get hungry. For the people or things inside to decrease so that space opens up. It is used for a decrease in people, as in "電車が空く" (the train becomes less crowded), and also for becoming hungry as food in the stomach decreases, as in "おなかが空く". The same "空く" read as "あく" becomes a different word meaning that a seat or room becomes empty.
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N3
過ごす
すごす
To spend time living. Example: 「休日を家で過ごす」 (to spend a holiday at home). A person using time is 「過ごす」, while time passing by on its own is 「過ぎる」; they are used as in 「休日を過ごす」 versus 「休日が過ぎる」.
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N3
勧める
すすめる
recommend. To tell someone that it would be good to do something. Example: 「入会を勧める」 (to recommend joining). When recommending a person or a book, it can also be written 「薦める」. Note the distinction from the homophone 「進める」 (to move forward).
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N2, N3
進める
すすめる
To move something forward. Example: 「車を進める」 (to move a car forward). Also used to mean carrying something to a further stage, as in 「計画を進める」 (to advance a plan). A person moving something forward is 「進める」, while something moving forward on its own is 「進む」; they are used as in 「計画を進める」 versus 「計画が進む」. Note the distinction from the homophone 「勧める」 (to recommend to someone).
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N3
頭痛
ずつう
headache. Having a pain in one's head. Example: 「頭痛がする」 (to have a headache). There is also the expression 「頭痛の種」 (a source of worry).
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N3
すっかり
すっかり
completely. Entirely, with nothing left out. Example: 「すっかり忘れていた」 (had completely forgotten). Also used to mean a state having completely changed, as in 「すっかり秋になった」 (it has completely become autumn).
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N3
既に
すでに
already. A state in which something has already ended or begun by that time. Mostly used in written language; in spoken language, 「もう」 is normal.
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N3
素直
すなお
A personality or attitude that is straightforward and accepts what others say as it is. Example: 「素直に謝る」 (to apologize sincerely/without resistance).
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N3
全て
すべて
all. Every single one, with nothing left out. Example: 「全てを話す」 (to tell everything). Also often written in hiragana as 「すべて」.
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N3
滑る
すべる
For one's foot to slip on a slick surface and nearly fall. Example: 「みちがこおって滑る」 (the road is frozen and slippery).
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N2, N3
済ます
すます
To bring something to a finish. Example: 「用事を済ます」 (to finish an errand). Also used to mean making do with something simple, as in 「昼食はパンで済ます」 (to have just bread for lunch). The form 「済ませる」 is also commonly used with the same meaning. A person finishing something is 「済ます」, while a matter coming to an end is 「済む」; they are used as in 「用事を済ます」 versus 「用事が済む」.
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N3〜N5
する
する
To do a certain thing. Example: 「べんきょうする」 (to study), 「しごとをする」 (to work).
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N3
ずるい
ずるい
A state of using an unfair method to benefit only oneself. Example: 「ずるい方法」 (an unfair method). Written with the kanji 「狡い」, but since this kanji is not used in daily life, it is written in hiragana.
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N3
鋭い
するどい
sharp. Having a fine, pointed edge that cuts well. Example: 「鋭い刃物」 (a sharp blade). Also used to mean having excellent mental or sensory ability, as in 「鋭い指摘」 (a sharp/incisive observation). The antonym is 「鈍い」 (dull).
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N2, N3
性格
せいかく
personality. Characteristics shown in how a person feels and acts. Example: 「明るい性格」 (a cheerful personality). Note the distinction from the homophone 「正確」 (accurate).
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N3
正確
せいかく
accurate. Being correct with no mistakes. Example: 「正確な情報」 (accurate information). Note the distinction from the homophone 「性格」 (personality).
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N3
世紀
せいき
century. A way of counting eras in units of 100 years. Example: 「21世紀」 (the 21st century).
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N3
税金
ぜいきん
tax. Money paid to the state or a municipality. Example: 「税金を払う」 (to pay taxes).
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N3
制限
せいげん
limit. To set a fixed range or amount as a boundary that should not be exceeded. Example: 「速度制限」 (speed limit), 「制限時間」 (time limit).
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N3
成功
せいこう
success. For something to go well as intended. Example: 「実験に成功する」 (to succeed in an experiment). The antonym is 「失敗」 (failure).
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N3
性質
せいしつ
A characteristic inherently possessed by a person or thing. For people, it is close to 「性格」 (personality), but 「性質」 can also be used for objects, as in 「水に溶けやすい性質」 (a property of dissolving easily in water).
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N3
成人
せいじん
adult. To become an adult. Also, a person who has become an adult. In Japan, one becomes an adult from age 18.
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N3
成績
せいせき
The result of study, work, a match, etc. Example: 「成績が上がる」 (grades/results improve).
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N3
成長
せいちょう
growth. For a person or living thing to grow and become bigger. Example: 「子どもの成長」 (a child's growth). Also used to mean an economy or company growing larger, as in 「経済成長」 (economic growth).
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N3
青年
せいねん
A young person around 20 years old. Especially often used for males. Example: 「青年時代」 (one's youth).
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N3
政府
せいふ
government. The organization that carries out the politics of a country. Example: 「日本政府」 (the Japanese government).
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N3
制服
せいふく
uniform. Clothing that is decided to be worn at a school, company, etc.
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N3
生物
せいぶつ
Living things overall, including animals and plants. When read 「なまもの」, it means food that has not been cooked.
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N3
性別
せいべつ
gender. The distinction between male and female. Example: 「性別を問わない」 (regardless of gender).
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N2, N3
生命
せいめい
Life. Often used in written language or set expressions such as 「生命保険」 (life insurance); in spoken language, 「命」 is normal.
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N2, N3
整理
せいり
To neatly tidy up things that are scattered around. Example: 「机の上を整理する」 (to tidy up a desk). Also used to mean organizing thoughts or information in an understandable way, as in 「問題点を整理する」 (to organize the problem points).
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N3
背負う
せおう
The act of carrying something on one's back. The act of taking on responsibility, burden, or fate. Used in forms like 「荷物を背負う」「責任を背負う」, in both physical and metaphorical senses.
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N3
せき
せき
To forcefully expel breath from the throat. Example: 「せきが出る」 (to cough). Written with the kanji 「咳」, but since this kanji is not used in daily life, it is usually written in hiragana.
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N3
責任
せきにん
responsibility. A duty one has taken on and must carry through. Example: 「責任がある」 (to bear responsibility). Also used to mean accepting the consequences of a failure, as in 「責任を取る」 (to take responsibility).
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N3
石油
せきゆ
petroleum. Oil extracted from underground. It becomes a raw material for fuel and plastics.
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N3
積極的
せっきょくてき
A state of doing things on one's own initiative. Example: 「積極的に発言する」 (to speak up proactively). The antonym is 「消極的」 (passive).
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N3
絶対
ぜったい
absolutely. No matter what, without fail. Example: 「絶対に行く」 (I will definitely go). When used with a negative form, it means "never," as in 「絶対にしない」 (I will never do it).
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N3
節約
せつやく
To reduce waste and use money or things carefully. Example: 「電気代を節約する」 (to save on electricity bills). The paired expression is 「むだづかい」 (wasteful spending).
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N3
全員
ぜんいん
everyone. All the people present at that place or gathering. Example: 「全員が賛成した」 (everyone agreed).
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N3
選挙
せんきょ
election. To choose a representative by voting. Example: 「選挙に行く」 (to go vote in an election).
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N3
洗剤
せんざい
detergent. A chemical used for washing laundry or dishes to remove dirt.
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N3
選手
せんしゅ
A person chosen to compete in a competition. Often broadly used to refer to someone who plays sports in general. Example: 「野球選手」 (a baseball player).
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N3
全身
ぜんしん
The whole body. Example: 「全身がぬれる」 (to get soaked all over). Note the distinction from the homophone 「前進」 (moving forward).
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Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.