Log in to save your learning history.
Sign up
JLPT N3 Vocabulary
924words ・ 0Learned
Searches word and reading by partial match. Tick the box below to search meanings too
N3
現実
げんじつ
reality. The actual state of things as they truly are, right in front of you. Example: 「現実を見る」 (to face reality), 「現実的な計画」 (a realistic plan). The antonyms are 「理想」 (ideal) and 「空想」 (fantasy).
AI-generated translation
N3
建設
けんせつ
construction. To newly build something large such as a building or road. Example: 「ダムを建設する」 (to construct a dam), 「建設会社」 (a construction company). The antonym is 「破壊」 (destruction).
AI-generated translation
N3
現代
げんだい
modern times. The present era. Example: 「現代の若者」 (young people today), 「現代社会」 (modern society). As a historical period, it often refers to the time from after World War II to the present.
AI-generated translation
N3
建築
けんちく
architecture. To build a building. The technique or style of doing so. Example: 「建築家」 (an architect), 「木造建築」 (wooden architecture/construction).
AI-generated translation
N2, N3
現場
げんば
site. The place where something is actually taking place. Example: 「工事現場」 (a construction site), 「事故の現場」 (the scene of an accident). Also used to mean the people actually doing the work, as in 「現場の意見」 (the opinion of those on the ground).
AI-generated translation
N3
権利
けんり
right. Officially recognized authority, such as by law, allowing one to do something of one's own will. Example: 「権利を守る」 (to protect a right), 「発言する権利」 (the right to speak). The antonym is 「義務」 (obligation).
AI-generated translation
N3
語
ご
A word. It is not used alone as in 「語を覚える」; it is used in combination with other words. Coming first: 「語学」 (language study), 「語順」 (word order), 「語数」 (word count). Coming last: 「単語」 (a vocabulary word), 「外来語」 (a loanword), 「流行語」 (a buzzword), 「熟語」 (a compound word). It is also often attached to the name of a country or region to indicate that language, as in 「日本語」「フランス語」.
AI-generated translation
N3
恋
こい
love. A feeling of strongly liking a particular person and wanting to see them. Example: 「恋をする」 (to fall in love), 「恋に落ちる」 (to fall in love). Places more emphasis on the desire to be with the other person than 「愛」 (love/affection) does.
AI-generated translation
N3
恋しい
こいしい
A strong feeling of wanting to see someone who is far away. 「遠くにいる家族が恋しい」. It is used not only for people but also for places, things, seasons, and other non-human subjects; in that case it expresses longing for and cherishing something that is not at hand and cannot be obtained now. 「故郷が恋しい」「日本の味噌汁が恋しい」「暖かい春が恋しい」.
AI-generated translation
N3
恋人
こいびと
lover. A person that both parties are romantically in love with. Example: 「恋人ができる」 (to get a boyfriend/girlfriend), 「恋人同士」 (a couple).
AI-generated translation
N3
好意
こうい
A feeling of liking someone and wanting to do something good for them. It expresses kindness, as in 「好意で手伝う」「ご好意に甘える」. It also refers to romantic feelings of being drawn to a person, and in the forms 「好意を寄せる」「好意を持つ」 it often means liking someone as a romantic partner. The homophone 「行為」 refers to what a person does and has a completely different meaning, so the two are written differently.
AI-generated translation
N3
行為
こうい
What a person does. Behavior. Example: 「違法行為」 (an illegal act). The homophone 「好意」 is a different word.
AI-generated translation
N3
幸運
こううん
good luck. Being fortunate. Example: 「幸運にめぐまれる」 (to be blessed with good luck), 「幸運を祈る」 (to wish someone good luck). The antonym is 「不運」 (bad luck).
AI-generated translation
N3
効果
こうか
effect. A good result that appears from doing something. Example: 「薬の効果」 (the effect of medicine), 「効果がある」 (to be effective). 「逆効果」 (a counterproductive/opposite effect) is also commonly used.
AI-generated translation
N3
高価
こうか
expensive. Being high in price. Example: 「高価な宝石」 (an expensive jewel). The antonym is 「安価」 (cheap). Written differently from the homophones 「効果」 (effect) and 「硬貨」 (a coin).
AI-generated translation
N3
豪華
ごうか
luxurious. A lavish, splendid state. Example: 「豪華な食事」 (a luxurious meal), 「豪華なホテル」 (a luxurious hotel).
AI-generated translation
N3
合格
ごうかく
To pass an exam or inspection. Example: 「大学に合格する」 (to pass a university entrance exam), 「合格発表」 (announcement of exam results). The antonym is 「不合格」 (failure).
AI-generated translation
N3
交換
こうかん
exchange. To swap one thing for another. Example: 「プレゼントを交換する」 (to exchange gifts), 「部品を交換する」 (to replace a part), 「名刺交換」 (exchanging business cards).
AI-generated translation
N3
航空
こうくう
Flying through the sky by airplane. It is rarely used on its own; it is combined with other words, as in 「航空会社」 (an airline), 「航空券」 (an airline ticket), 「航空便」 (airmail, an air service), 「航空機」 (an aircraft), 「航空写真」 (an aerial photograph).
AI-generated translation
N3
合計
ごうけい
total. The number or amount when everything is added together. Example: 「合計金額」 (the total amount), 「合計する」 (to total up).
AI-generated translation
N2, N3
攻撃
こうげき
attack. To assault an enemy. Example: 「攻撃をしかける」 (to launch an attack). Also used to mean strongly criticizing something, as in 「発言を攻撃する」 (to attack someone's statement). The antonyms are 「守備」 (defense) and 「防御」 (defense).
AI-generated translation
N3
広告
こうこく
advertisement. To widely inform people about a product or service. The text or footage used to do so. Example: 「新聞広告」 (a newspaper advertisement), 「広告を出す」 (to place an ad).
AI-generated translation
N3
交際
こうさい
dating. To be in a relationship with someone. Especially, being in a romantic relationship with someone. Example: 「交際を始める」 (to start dating), 「交際範囲が広い」 (to have a wide circle of acquaintances).
AI-generated translation
N3
高速
こうそく
high speed. Being very fast in speed. Example: 「高速で移動する」 (to move at high speed). Also commonly used as a shortened form of 「高速道路」 (expressway), as in 「高速に乗る」 (to get on the expressway).
AI-generated translation
N3
行動
こうどう
action. To actually move one's body and do something. Example: 「行動を起こす」 (to take action), 「行動力」 (the ability to take action).
AI-generated translation
N3
強盗
ごうとう
robbery. To threaten someone and steal their money or belongings. The person who commits this crime. Example: 「銀行強盗」 (a bank robbery), 「強盗に入られる」 (to be robbed by an intruder).
AI-generated translation
N3
購入
こうにゅう
To buy something. A slightly more formal way of saying 「買う」 (to buy).
AI-generated translation
N3
幸福
こうふく
happiness. Being fulfilled and happy. Example: 「幸福な家庭」 (a happy family). A more formal word than 「幸せ」. The antonym is 「不幸」 (unhappiness).
AI-generated translation
N3
興奮
こうふん
A state in which one's feelings are heightened and the heart cannot settle down.
AI-generated translation
N3
効率
こうりつ
The ratio of results achieved relative to the time or effort spent. 「効率がいい」 means little is wasted.
AI-generated translation
N2, N3
越える
こえる
To go over to the other side of a mountain, river, border, etc. Example: 「国境を越える」 (to cross a border), 「峠を越える」 (to go over a mountain pass). The homophone 「超える」 refers to a quantity or limit being exceeded, as in 「1万人を超える」 (to exceed 10,000 people), and is written differently.
AI-generated translation
N3
凍る
こおる
freeze. For water, etc., to cool and solidify. Example: 「湖が凍る」 (a lake freezes), 「道路が凍る」 (a road freezes over).
AI-generated translation
N3
誤解
ごかい
misunderstanding. To mistakenly take in the meaning or feeling of something. Example: 「誤解を招く」 (to invite misunderstanding), 「誤解を解く」 (to clear up a misunderstanding).
AI-generated translation
N3
語学
ごがく
To study a foreign language. Example: 「語学が得意だ」 (good at languages), 「語学学校」 (a language school).
AI-generated translation
N3
呼吸
こきゅう
breathing. To breathe in and out. Example: 「深く呼吸する」 (to breathe deeply). Also used to mean being in sync with someone, as in 「呼吸が合う」 (to be in rhythm with each other).
AI-generated translation
N3
国籍
こくせき
nationality. The status of which country a person is a citizen of. Example: 「日本国籍」 (Japanese nationality), 「国籍を取得する」 (to acquire nationality).
AI-generated translation
N3
国立
こくりつ
Being built with the nation's money and run by the nation. It is most often attached to the name of a facility, as in 「国立大学」 (a national university), 「国立公園」 (a national park), 「国立博物館」 (a national museum), 「国立図書館」 (a national library), 「国立競技場」 (a national stadium). It is also used alone, as in 「この大学は国立だ」. Used in contrast with 「私立」 (private), 「県立」 (prefectural), and 「市立」 (municipal).
AI-generated translation
N3
焦げる
こげる
burn. To become blackened from being overcooked. Example: 「パンが焦げる」 (bread burns), 「焦げたにおい」 (a burnt smell). Something turning black on its own is 「焦げる」, while a person making it turn black by overcooking it is 「焦がす」; they are used as in 「ごはんが焦げる」 versus 「ごはんを焦がす」.
AI-generated translation
N3
凍える
こごえる
For the body to lose sensation from cold. Example: 「手が凍える」 (one's hands go numb from cold), 「凍えるような寒さ」 (bone-chilling cold).
AI-generated translation
N3
試み
こころみ
attempt. To try doing something. Example: 「新しい試み」 (a new attempt/initiative). The verb form is 「試みる」.
AI-generated translation
N3
腰
こし
waist. The bendable part of the body below the back. Example: 「腰が痛い」 (one's lower back hurts). There are also the expressions 「腰が低い」 (having a humble/polite manner) and 「腰を下ろす」 (to sit down).
AI-generated translation
N3
個人
こじん
individual. Each single person, as opposed to a group. Example: 「個人の意見」 (an individual's opinion), 「個人的な問題」 (a personal matter), 「個人情報」 (personal information).
AI-generated translation
N3
越す
こす
To pass a place or time and go to the other side. Example: 「年を越す」 (to see out the year/into the new year), 「冬を越す」 (to get through the winter), 「引っ越す」 (to move house). In the form 「お越しください」, it also serves as an honorific way of saying 「来る」 (to come).
AI-generated translation
N3
国家
こっか
nation. A country. A unified entity that has territory, people, and a government. Example: 「国家試験」 (a national examination). More formal than 「国」, used when discussing politics and law.
AI-generated translation
N3
国会
こっかい
The most important assembly, which decides a nation's laws and budget. Example: 「国会議員」 (a member of parliament), 「国会で審議する」 (to deliberate in the National Diet).
AI-generated translation
N3
固定
こてい
To firmly fix something in one place or state so it does not move. Example: 「固定給」 (a fixed salary).
AI-generated translation
N3, N5
子供
こども
child. A young person. The opposite of an adult. Also used to mean one's own son or daughter. Often written as 「子ども」.
AI-generated translation
N3
好む
このむ
To like something and choose it oneself. A slightly more formal way of saying 「好き」 (to like).
AI-generated translation
N3
こぼす
こぼす
It refers to inadvertently letting liquid or powder out. It also means to let out one's dissatisfaction or complaints. Used in expressions like 「水をこぼす」 or 「愚痴をこぼす」, it expresses the act of unintentionally letting something out.
AI-generated translation
N3
ごまかす
ごまかす
It refers to concealing by means of lies or makeshift measures, hiding the truth. Used in expressions like 「年齢をごまかす」 or 「答えをごまかす」, it is a verb that critically expresses the act of deceiving others.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.