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JLPT N3 Vocabulary
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N3
我慢
がまん
To hold back something painful or a desire, and endure it. Example: 「痛みを我慢する」 (to bear the pain), 「トイレを我慢する」 (to hold in the urge to use the bathroom).
AI-generated translation
N3
雷
かみなり
thunder. Electricity running through the sky, producing a loud sound and light. Example: 「雷が鳴る」 (thunder rumbles), 「雷が落ちる」 (lightning strikes). There is also the expression 「親に雷を落とされた」 (to be severely scolded by a parent).
AI-generated translation
N3
かむ
かむ
bite. To hold or crush something between the upper and lower teeth. Example: 「ガムをかむ」 (to chew gum), 「よくかんで食べる」 (to chew well while eating), 「犬にかまれる」 (to be bitten by a dog). Written with the kanji 「噛む」, but since this kanji is not used in daily life, it is usually written in hiragana.
AI-generated translation
N3
空
から
empty. The state of having nothing inside. Used as in "箱を空にする" (to empty a box) or "空の容器" (an empty container). It is often written in kana as "から". The same "空" read as "そら" is a different word meaning the sky spreading overhead.
AI-generated translation
N3, N5
借りる
かりる
borrow. To use someone else's thing for a certain time. The antonym is 「貸す」 (to lend).
AI-generated translation
N3
刈る
かる
mow. To trim grass, hair, etc., using a tool. Example: 「芝生を刈る」 (to mow the lawn), 「髪を刈る」 (to cut one's hair), 「稲を刈る」 (to harvest rice).
AI-generated translation
N3, N5
軽い
かるい
A state not requiring strength to lift. Example: 「軽いかばん」 (a light bag). The antonym is 「重い」 (heavy).
AI-generated translation
N3
枯れる
かれる
wither. For grass or trees to lose moisture and die. Example: 「花が枯れる」 (a flower withers). Also used to mean losing richness, as in 「枯れた声」 (a dry, worn voice).
AI-generated translation
N3
乾く
かわく
For moisture to disappear from something. Example: 「洗濯物が乾く」 (laundry dries), 「ペンキが乾く」 (paint dries). The homophone 「渇く」 refers to wanting water in one's throat, and is written differently. The antonym is 「濡れる」 (to get wet).
AI-generated translation
N3
渇く
かわく
For one's throat to want moisture. Example: 「のどが渇く」 (to be thirsty). The homophone 「乾く」 refers to moisture disappearing from an object (e.g. 「洗濯物が乾く」, laundry drying), and is written differently.
AI-generated translation
N3
代わる
かわる
For a different person or thing to take on the role of someone or something. Example: 「父に代わって答える」 (to answer in place of one's father). The homophone 「変わる」 refers to a state changing, and 「替わる」 refers to a thing being swapped for another; all are written differently.
AI-generated translation
N3
感覚
かんかく
sense. The function of perceiving things through seeing, hearing, touching, etc. Example: 「指の感覚がなくなる」 (to lose feeling in one's fingers). Also used to mean a way of perceiving things, as in 「金銭感覚」 (sense of money), 「新しい感覚のデザイン」 (a design with a fresh feel).
AI-generated translation
N3
観客
かんきゃく
audience. People who watch sports, plays, etc. Example: 「観客席」 (spectator seats), 「大勢の観客」 (a large audience).
AI-generated translation
N3
環境
かんきょう
environment. The surrounding conditions around a person or living thing. Example: 「環境を守る」 (to protect the environment), 「職場環境」 (workplace environment), 「環境問題」 (environmental issues).
AI-generated translation
N3
歓迎
かんげい
welcome. To receive someone gladly. Example: 「新入生を歓迎する」 (to welcome new students), 「歓迎会」 (a welcome party).
AI-generated translation
N3
観光
かんこう
sightseeing. To enjoy viewing scenery or famous places. Example: 「観光地」 (a tourist spot), 「観光客」 (a tourist).
AI-generated translation
N3
観察
かんさつ
observation. To watch the state of things carefully. Example: 「植物を観察する」 (to observe a plant), 「観察日記」 (an observation journal).
AI-generated translation
N3
感じ
かんじ
The impression one receives from something. Example: 「感じがいい人」 (a person who gives a good impression), 「春らしい感じ」 (a spring-like feeling). In the form 「感じがする」, it means one has a vague feeling that something is so.
AI-generated translation
N3
感謝
かんしゃ
gratitude. Feeling thankful for something. To express that feeling. Example: 「感謝の気持ち」 (a feeling of gratitude), 「心から感謝する」 (to be truly grateful).
AI-generated translation
N3
患者
かんじゃ
patient. A person under a doctor's care for an illness or injury. Example: 「入院患者」 (a hospitalized patient), 「患者を診る」 (to examine a patient).
AI-generated translation
N3
勘定
かんじょう
To count money. Payment at a restaurant or similar establishment. Example: 「お勘定をお願いします」 (Check, please). There is also the expression 「勘定に入れる」 (to take into account).
AI-generated translation
N3
感情
かんじょう
emotion. The workings of the heart such as joy, sadness, and anger. Example: 「感情を表に出す」 (to show one's emotions), 「感情的になる」 (to become emotional). The antonym is 「理性」 (reason).
AI-generated translation
N3
感じる
かんじる
feel. To perceive something with the body or mind. Example: 「寒さを感じる」 (to feel cold), 「責任を感じる」 (to feel a sense of responsibility), 「不安を感じる」 (to feel anxious).
AI-generated translation
N3
関心
かんしん
interest. The mind turning toward wanting to know more. Example: 「政治に関心がある」 (to be interested in politics), 「関心が高まる」 (interest grows). The homophone 「感心」 means being moved by admiration for something admirable, and is written differently.
AI-generated translation
N3
関する
かんする
Regarding, about. Example: 「教育に関する本」 (a book about education), 「事件に関する情報」 (information relating to an incident). Also used in the form 「〜に関して」, a formal, written expression.
AI-generated translation
N3
完成
かんせい
completion. To become fully complete. Example: 「ビルが完成する」 (a building is completed), 「作品を完成させる」 (to complete a work).
AI-generated translation
N3
完全
かんぜん
complete. Having nothing missing. Example: 「完全な形で残る」 (to remain in complete/intact form), 「完全に忘れていた」 (had completely forgotten). The antonym is 「不完全」 (incomplete).
AI-generated translation
N3
感動
かんどう
To be deeply moved after encountering something wonderful. Example: 「映画に感動する」 (to be moved by a movie), 「感動的な場面」 (a moving scene).
AI-generated translation
N3
監督
かんとく
To direct and oversee work or a task. The person who does so. Also refers to the person responsible for making a film, or a coach who leads a sports team. Example: 「映画監督」 (film director), 「野球の監督」 (baseball manager/coach).
AI-generated translation
N3
看病
かんびょう
To stay beside a sick person and take care of them.
AI-generated translation
N3
管理
かんり
management. To take responsible care of something so that a good state is maintained. Example: 「ビルを管理する」 (to manage a building), 「健康管理」 (health management), 「管理人」 (a caretaker/manager).
AI-generated translation
N3
完了
かんりょう
For something to be completely finished. Example: 「準備が完了する」 (preparations are complete), 「手続き完了」 (procedure complete). Carries a stronger sense than 「終了」 of having finished what needed to be done.
AI-generated translation
N3
関連
かんれん
For there to be a connection between things. Example: 「事件に関連する情報」 (information related to an incident), 「関連会社」 (a related/affiliated company). A more formal, written word than 「関係」.
AI-generated translation
N3
議員
ぎいん
A person who is elected and takes part in discussions in a national or local assembly. Example: 「国会議員」 (member of parliament), 「市議会議員」 (city council member).
AI-generated translation
N3, N5
消える
きえる
For something visible, or a fire or light that was on, to disappear. Example: 「電気が消える」 (the light goes off). When turning it off oneself, 「消す」 is used.
AI-generated translation
N3
記憶
きおく
memory. Remembering something. The content of what one remembers. Example: 「記憶に残る」 (to stick in one's memory), 「記憶をなくす」 (to lose one's memory). 「記憶力」 (memory ability) is also commonly used.
AI-generated translation
N3
気温
きおん
air temperature. The degree of warmth or coldness of the air. Example: 「気温が上がる」 (the temperature rises), 「最高気温」 (the highest temperature).
AI-generated translation
N3
議会
ぎかい
The place where elected members gather to decide important matters. Example: 「市議会」 (city assembly), 「議会で話し合う」 (to discuss in the assembly).
AI-generated translation
N3
企画
きかく
To think up and create a plan in order to do something. That plan.
AI-generated translation
N3
期間
きかん
period. A span of time fixed as from when to when. Example: 「試験期間」 (exam period), 「期間限定」 (limited-time only). The homophone 「機関」 refers to an organization or system, and is written differently.
AI-generated translation
N3
企業
きぎょう
enterprise. An organization that carries out business for profit. Example: 「大企業」 (a large company), 「企業に勤める」 (to work at a company). More formal than 「会社」, used in news and documents.
AI-generated translation
N3, N5
聞く
きく
To take in a sound or voice with one's ears. Example: 「音楽を聞く」 (to listen to music). Also used to mean asking, as in 「先生に聞く」 (to ask the teacher).
AI-generated translation
N3
効く
きく
For the effect of a medicine or method, etc., to clearly appear. Example: 「薬が効く」 (medicine works), 「宣伝が効く」 (advertising is effective). The homophone 「利く」 means that a certain function is possible, as in 「気が利く」 (to be considerate/perceptive), 「無理が利く」 (to be able to push oneself), and is written differently.
AI-generated translation
N3
気候
きこう
climate. The tendency of the weather in a certain place, seen over a long period. Example: 「温暖な気候」 (a warm climate), 「気候の変化」 (climate change). For the state of the sky over a short period, 「天気」 or 「天候」 is used instead.
AI-generated translation
N3
記事
きじ
article. Writing published in a newspaper, magazine, etc. Example: 「新聞記事」 (a newspaper article), 「記事を読む」 (to read an article).
AI-generated translation
N3
記者
きしゃ
reporter. A person who gathers information and writes articles for a newspaper, TV, etc. Example: 「新聞記者」 (a newspaper reporter), 「記者会見」 (a press conference).
AI-generated translation
N3
傷
きず
A part of the skin or an object's surface that has been damaged by cutting or bumping into something. Example: 「傷が治る」 (a wound heals), 「机に傷がつく」 (a desk gets scratched). Also used to mean emotional hurt, as in 「心の傷」 (an emotional wound).
AI-generated translation
N3
期待
きたい
expectation. To wait, counting on things turning out well. Example: 「活躍を期待する」 (to have high expectations for someone's performance), 「期待にこたえる」 (to live up to expectations).
AI-generated translation
N3
鍛える
きたえる
Originally a word meaning to make metal stronger by striking it. From this, it came to be used metaphorically for strengthening body and mind through training and practice. Used in expressions like 「体を鍛える」 or 「精神を鍛える」, it is a somewhat formal verb frequently appearing in martial arts, sports, and education in the sense of enhancing physical and mental abilities.
AI-generated translation
N3
帰宅
きたく
To return to one's own home. Example: 「帰宅時間」 (the time one gets home), 「まっすぐ帰宅する」 (to go straight home). More formal than 「帰る」.
AI-generated translation
Vocabulary data on this site is based on the JMdict/EDICT project (© Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, CC BY-SA 4.0). JLPT level classification is our own assessment using AI (Claude) and is not an official JLPT standard.